14588-08-0Relevant articles and documents
Lightly fluorous [Pd(OAc)2{P(C6H4-p-SiMe2CH2CH2C6F13)3}2] in the methoxycarbonylation of styrene: Formation, performance and stability of the catalyst system
de Pater, Jeroen J.M.,Deelman, Berth-Jan,Elsevier, Cornelis J.,van Koten, Gerard
, p. 334 - 340 (2006)
The fluorous palladium(II) complex, [Pd(OAc)2{P(C6H4-p-SiMe2CH2CH2C6F13)3}2], has been prepared and characterized. Its application in the catalytic methoxycarbonylation of styrene in an MeOH/CF3C6H5 mixture (1/1 v/v) has been explored and its activity was compared to that of [Pd(OAc)2(PPh3)2]. The fluorous complex showed a lower activity but a significantly higher selectivity towards the branched product. Investigation of both the conversion-versus-time and i:n ratio-versus-time profiles showed an unusual behaviour in the case of the fluorous complex, which has been ascribed to the formation of a dinuclear species for the fluorous complex.
Mechanism of the oxidative carbonylation of terminal alkynes at the ≡C-H bond in solutions of palladium complexes
Khabibulin,Kulik,Oshanina,Bruk,Temkin,Nosova,Ustynyuk,Bel'skii,Stash,Lysenko,Antipin
, p. 228 - 244 (2007)
The formation mechanism of the active catalyst in the oxidative carbonylation of terminal alkynes at the ≡C-H bond has been investigated for the catalytic system Pd(OAc)2-PPh3-p-benzoquinone (Q)-MeOH. It has been demonstrated by NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and kinetic measurements that the catalytically active palladium is in the oxidation state 0 and is bound into complexes stabilized by p-benzoquinone (PdL2Q, where L = PPh3). A mechanism is suggested for the catalytic process, which includes the formation of the complex PdL2Q, the oxidative addition of the alkyne to this complex at the ≡C-H bond, the insertion of CO into the Pd-C bond, and steps in which hydride hydrogen is intramolecularly transferred to the p-quinone.
The ubiquitous cross-coupling catalyst system 'Pd(OAc)2'/2PPh3 forms a unique dinuclear PdI complex: An important entry point into catalytically competent cyclic Pd3 clusters
Scott, Neil W. J.,Ford, Mark J.,Schotes, Christoph,Parker, Rachel R.,Whitwood, Adrian C.,Fairlamb, Ian J. S.
, p. 7898 - 7906 (2019/09/06)
Palladium(ii) acetate 'Pd(OAc)2'/nPPh3 is a ubiquitous precatalyst system for cross-coupling reactions. It is widely accepted that reduction of in situ generated trans-[Pd(OAc)2(PPh3)2] affords [Pd0(PPh3)n] and/or [Pd0(PPh3)2(OAc)]- species which undergo oxidative addition reactions with organohalides-the first committed step in cross-coupling catalytic cycles. In this paper we report for the first time that reaction of Pd3(OAc)6 with 6 equivalents of PPh3 (i.e. a Pd/PPh3 ratio of 1?:?2) affords a novel dinuclear PdI complex [Pd2(μ-PPh2)(μ2-OAc)(PPh3)2] as the major product, the elusive species resisting characterization until now. While unstable, the dinuclear PdI complex reacts with CH2Cl2, p-fluoroiodobenzene or 2-bromopyridine to afford Pd3 cluster complexes containing bridging halide ligands, i.e. [Pd3(X)(PPh2)2(PPh3)3]X, carrying an overall 4/3 oxidation state (at Pd). Use of 2-bromopyridine was critical in understanding that a putative 14-electron mononuclear 'PdII(R)(X)(PPh3)' is released on forming [Pd3(X)(PPh2)2(PPh3)3]X clusters from [Pd2(μ-PPh2)(μ2-OAc)(PPh3)2]. Altering the Pd/PPh3 ratio to 1?:?4 forms Pd0(PPh3)3 quantitatively. In an exemplar Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction, the importance of the 'Pd(OAc)2'/nPPh3 ratio is demonstrated; catalytic efficacy is significantly enhanced when n = 2. Employing 'Pd(OAc)2'/PPh3 in a 1?:?2 ratio leads to the generation of [Pd2(μ-PPh2)(μ2-OAc)(PPh3)2] which upon reaction with organohalides (i.e. substrate) forms a reactive Pd3 cluster species. These higher nuclearity species are the cross-coupling catalyst species, when employing a 'Pd(OAc)2'/PPh3 of 1?:?2, for which there are profound implications for understanding downstream product selectivities and chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivities, particularly when employing PPh3 as the ligand.
PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF UNSYMMETRICALLY SUBSTITUTED BIPHENYL COMPOUNDS
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Page/Page column 10, (2008/12/07)
A process for the preparation of unsymmetrical biaryl compounds of Formula (I) wherein, R is alkyl, R' is cyano, protected or unprotected tetrazole, or Formula (a) wherein, R" is alkyl, aryl, aralkyl or alkoxy, said process comprising, reacting Grignard reagent of Formula (II) wherein, R is alkyl; X is halogen with an aryl halide of Formula (III) wherein, X is halogen; R' is a cyano, protected or unprotected tetrazole, or Formula (a) wherein, R" is alkyl, aryl, aralkyl or alkoxy in a suitable solvent in the presence of a palladium catalyst and a ligand and Lewis acid as a co catalyst.
Novel imidazole based heterocycles
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Page/Page column 18; 20; 22-23, (2008/12/08)
The present invention is directed to novel imidazopyrazine compounds useful as kinase inhibitors and as such would be useful in treating certain conditions and diseases, especially inflammatory conditions and diseases and proliferative disorders and conditions, for example, cancers.
Palladium-catalyzed oxidation if triphenylphosphine
Lee, Chul Woo,Lee, Jae Sung,Cho, Nag Sug,Kim, Kye Duck,Lee, Sang Moo,Oh, Jae Seung
, p. 31 - 42 (2008/10/08)
In the presence of Pd(II) catalyst, triphenylphosphine can be oxidized with molecular oxygen at room temperature under atmospheric pressure to form triphenylphosphine oxide. The rate of oxidation depended on the type of anionic ligand of palladium salt. The oxidation was inhibited by protic solvents and coordinating solvents such as amine. For palladium acetate as a catalyst, the square planar structure of Pd(OAc)2 (PPh3)]2 was converted into the dimeric structure, [Pd(OAc)2(PPh3)2, as triphenylphosphine was consumed. Finally palladium metal precipitated when triphenylphosphine was oxidized completely. A possible reaction scheme of the Pd(II)-catalyzed oxidation of triphenylphosphine is proposed.
METALLATION OF ALIPHATIC CARBON ATOMS II, SYNTHESES AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE CYCLOPALLADATED COMPLEXES OF N,N-DIMETHYLNEOPENTYLAMINE
Fuchita, Yoshio,Hiraki, Katsuma,Matsumoto, Yasuhiro
, p. C51 - C54 (2007/10/02)
N,N-Dimethyneopentylamine reacts with Pd(MeCO2)2 to give a novel trinuclear cyclopalladated complex *0.5C6H6 (I).The reaction of I with PPh3 affords both trans (III) .The reaction of III with LiCl yields a mononuclear cyclopalladated complex, (IV).