1520-41-8Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Catalytic hydrogenation of pyrylium salts
Reshetov,Seller,Kriven'ko
, p. 538 - 541 (1998)
On catalytic reduction of 2,6-diphenylpyrylium salts, hydrogenolysis occurs at the C-O bond with the formation of 1,5-diphenylpentanes. The principal direction of the hydrogenation of 9-phenyl-symoctahydroxanthylium tetrafluoroborate is the formation of a
Iron-Catalyzed Remote Arylation of Aliphatic C-H Bond via 1,5-Hydrogen Shift
Zhou, Bingwei,Sato, Hiroki,Ilies, Laurean,Nakamura, Eiichi
, p. 8 - 11 (2018/01/17)
Catalytic amounts of an iron(III) salt and a N-heterocyclic carbene ligand catalyze the arylation of 2-iodoalkylarenes with diphenylzinc selectively at the C-H bond of the alkyl side chain. Several lines of evidence suggest that the iron catalyst reacts with the aryl iodide moiety of the substrate to generate an aryliron intermediate that behaves in a radical manner and cleaves the aliphatic C-H bond through 1,5-hydrogen transfer; the resulting alkyliron intermediate undergoes reductive elimination to give the arylated product.
Adducts, adducts and oligomers, or adducts, oligomers and low molecular weight polymers, and their preparation
-
Page/Page column 37, (2013/04/24)
This invention provides adducts, mixtures of adducts and oligomers, and/or mixtures of adducts, oligomers, and low molecular weight polymers formed from monovinylaromatic hydrocarbons.
Bromination of Telomer Mixtures Derived From Toluene and Styrene
-
Page/Page column 3-4, (2011/10/04)
This invention relates to novel and useful toluene and styrene derived telomer distributions, such distributions being desirable substrates for the preparation of brominated flame retardants.
TOLUENE AND STYRENE DERIVED TELOMER DISTRIBUTIONS AND BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS PRODUCED THEREFROM
-
Page/Page column 9; 12, (2010/06/20)
This invention relates to novel and useful toluene and styrene derived telomer distributions, such distributions being desirable substrates for the preparation of brominated flame retardants.
Pore-size engineering of silicon imido nitride for catalytic applications
Farrusseng, David,Schlichte, Klaus,Spliethoff, Bernd,Wingen, Annette,Kaskel, Stefan,Bradley, John S.,Schueth, Ferdi
, p. 4204 - 4207 (2007/10/03)
High specific surface areas and adjustable pore sizes are outstanding characteristics of nanoporous silicon nitride based materials prepared by using oxygen-free molecular precursors in a novel template-assisted sol-gel approach. The nitrides represent a new class of shape-selective superbase catalysts (see, for example, the schematic representation of alkene isomerization).
Self-Reactions of 1,3-Diphenylpropyl and 1,3,5-Triphenylpentyl Radicals:Models for Termination in Styrene Polymerization
Schreck, Vicki Anne,Serelis, Algirdas K.,Solomon, David H.
, p. 375 - 393 (2007/10/02)
Quantitative determination of the products from thermal decomposition of 1,1',3,3'-tetraphenylazopropane (2) and 1,1',3,3',5,5'-hexaphenylazopentane (5) shows that the respective derived title radicals (1) and (4) undergo self-reactions with a similar preference for combination over disproportionation.The proportion of combination increases from 87 to 93percent (Ec-Ed=9.6+/-1.2kJ mol-1 and ΔSc-ΔSd=43+/-7 JK-1mol-1) for (1), and from 86 to 93percent (Ec-Ed=10.6+/-1.4kJ mol-1 and ΔSc-ΔSd=45+/-6 JK-1mol-1) for (4) over the temperature range 80-161 deg.The relevance of these results to the termination mechanism in the radical polymerization of styrene is discussed.Some minor by-products (28)-(30) which arise by addition of 1,3-diphenylpropyl (1) to 1,3-diphenylpropene (14)/(15) have also been detected.The syntheses of the azo compounds (2) and (5), the former as separate, pure meso- and rac-diastereomers (2m) and (2r), and their various expected decomposition products are described.
Catalytic Hydrogenation of Pyrylium Salts: A Convenient Route to Alkyl-Substituted Tetrahydropyrans
Mihai, Gheorghe,Balaban, Teodor-Silviu
, p. 502 - 504 (2007/10/02)
2,4,6-Trialkylpyrylium perchlorates afford in high yields by hydrogenation on palladium catalyst at room temperature the corresponding all-cis-2,4,6-trialkyltetrahydropyrans, whereas other reaction conditions lead to mixtures of tetrahydropyrans and hydro
HYDROAMINATION OF PYRYLIUM SALTS
Kriven'ko, A. P.,Fedotova, O. V.,Reshetov, P. V.,Kharchenko, V. G.
, p. 1361 - 1364 (2007/10/02)
Some pyrylium salts and condensed systems derived therefrom have been hydromethylaminated to saturated azaheterocycles and N-methylpyridinium salts.Attempts to hydroarylaminate pyrylium salts resulted in the formation of the corresponding hydrocarbons.
Thermolysis of Model Compounds for Coal. 3. Radical Chain Decomposition of 1,3-Diphenylpropane and 1,4-Diphenylbutane
Poutsma, Marvin L.,Dyer, Catherine W.
, p. 4903 - 4914 (2007/10/02)
Cracking of 1,3-diphenylpropane (1) at 345-425 deg C to give toluene and styrene proceeded much more rapidly than expected from the strength of its weakest C-C bond.Styrene was rapidly consumed in secondary reactions, one of which was addition to 1 to from 1,3,5-triphenylpentane.The kinetic order at low conversion over a 103 variation in initial concentration from neat liquid through solutions in biphenyl to gas at 20 kPa was 1.59 +/- 0.03.The activation energy for the neat liquid was 52.3 +/- 1.3 kcal*mol-1.Toluene product from 1-1,1,3,3-d4 contained no detectable deuterium in the aromatic ring.Combination of these experimental data with thermochemical kinetic estimation procedures demonstrates that the rate "acceleration" results from a free-radical chain decomposition mechanism involving steps 5 and 6, in which k6 >>k5, rather than from a concerted retro-ene cleavage.The failure of such a chain to develop for 1,2-diphenylethane is a consequence of the dependence of ΔH0 for radical β scission on structure.Cracking of 1,4-diphenylbutane (2) gave both toluene plus allylbenzene and ethylbenzene plus styrene.The ratio between these competitive pathways increased nonlinearly with concentration from 0.185 at 100-110 kPa to 0.82 in the neat liquid.This behavior is interpreted in terms of chain reaction steps 22-26.The key step is the interconversion of 1,4-diphenyl-1-butyl radical (6) and its 2-isomer (7) by hydrogen abstraction from 2, a process which is competitive with β scission.Thermochemical kinetic estimates lead to a set of rate constants which are consistent with the observed product ratio behavior.Use of the hydrogen atom donor tetralin as the solvent had only minor effects on the rates of thermolysis of 1 and 2 but dampened the product ratio dependence from 2.Tetralyl radicals are too reactive as hydrogen abstractors at 350-400 deg C to serve as chain-inhibiting species.These α,ω-diphenylalkanes, Ph(CH2)nPh, serve as models for aliphatic bridges between aromatic units in coal.The implications of the demonstrated chain character of their thermolysis when n is more or equal to 3 for modeling the thermal decomposition of coal are discussed.
