16051-48-2

Usage

Uses

Used in Fuel Industry:
2-Hydroxyethyl nitrate is used as a cetane number improver for enhancing the ignition quality of diesel fuel. This leads to smoother and more efficient engine operation, contributing to improved fuel economy and reduced emissions of particulate matter and nitrogen oxides.
As a Fuel Additive in Diesel Engines:
2-Hydroxyethyl nitrate is used as a fuel additive in diesel engines to improve combustion efficiency. Its cetane number improving properties result in a more complete and cleaner burn, which in turn reduces harmful emissions and increases the overall performance of the engine.
As an Alternative to Traditional Diesel Fuel Additives:
2-Hydroxyethyl nitrate serves as a potential alternative to conventional diesel fuel additives, offering a more environmentally friendly option for improving fuel quality and engine performance. Its use can lead to a reduction in emissions and an enhancement in fuel economy, making it a promising candidate for sustainable fuel solutions.
Safety Considerations:
It is important to handle 2-hydroxyethyl nitrate with caution due to its flammable nature and potential to cause irritation to the skin and eyes upon contact. Proper safety measures should be taken during its production, storage, and use to ensure the well-being of individuals and the environment.

InChI:InChI=1/C2H5NO4/c4-1-2-7-3(5)6/h4H,1-2H2

Upstream product

• 75-21-8 oxirane 
• 67-56-1 methanol 
• 66329-10-0 1-nitritoethan-2-ol nitrate 
• 540-51-2 2-bromoethanol 
• 107-21-1 ethylene glycol 
• 107-07-3 2-chloro-ethanol 

Downstream Products

• 1068441-02-0 (±)-2-(nitrooxy)ethyl 2-(3-benzoylphenyl)propanoate 
• 1538580-35-6 (Z)-2-(nitrooxy)ethyl 2-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-1-(4-(methylsulfonyl)benzylidene)-1H-inden-3-yl)acetate 
• 1538580-30-1 (Z)-2-(nitrooxy)ethyl 2-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-1-(4-(methylthio)benzylidene)-1H-inden-3-yl)acetate 
• 1538580-25-4 (Z)-4-(nitrooxy)butyl 2-(5-fluoro-2-methyl-1-(4-(methylsulfinyl)benzylidene)-1H-inden-3-yl)acetate 
• 1346223-15-1 2-nitroxyethyl 2-[1-[(4-methylthio)phenyl]-2-methyl-5-[4-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl]-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]acetate 
• 1346223-13-9 2-(nitrooxy)ethyl-2-[(1-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-5-(4-(methylsulphonyl)phenyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)]acetate 
• 1346223-17-3 2-(nitrooxy)ethyl-2-[1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-methyl-5-(4-methylsulphonylphenyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]-acetate 
• 1346223-11-7 2-(nitrooxy)ethyl-2-[(1-(3-fluorophenyl)-2-methyl-5-(4-methylsulphonylphenyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)]acetate 
• 1346223-09-3 2-(nitrooxy)ethyl-2-[1-phenyl-2-methyl-5-(4-methylsulphonylphenyl)-1H-pyrrol-3-yl]acetate 
• 128759-76-2 VA-045 
• 80444-43-5 2-Methoxy-aethylnitrat 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Nitric oxide releasing derivatives of tolfenamic acid with anti-inflammatory activity and safe gastrointestinal profile

Tolfenamic acid esters with nitrooxyalcohols are synthesized. They are anti-inflammatory agents reducing carrageenan rat paw edema, with low gastrointestinal and general toxicity. In vitro, they are nitric oxide donors, inhibitors of lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenases. A two to three carbon chain between carboxylic and nitric ester groups seems optimal for activity.

Design, synthesis and study of nitrogen monoxide donors as potent hypolipidaemic and anti-inflammatory agents

Inflammation and oxidative stress are involved in cardiovascular diseases. Nitrogen monoxide participates in the regulation of endothelial processes. Thus, derivatives of classic nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), trolox or cinnamic acids esterified with 2-(nitrooxy)ethanol were designed and studied. It was found that the nitrogen monoxide (NO) releasing activity was comparable to that of S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine. The nitrooxy derivatives decreased potently lipid indices in the plasma of hyperlipidaemic rats (30-85%). All compounds presented increased anti-inflammatory activity in vivo, inhibiting carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema as high as 76%, up to six times higher than that of the parent acids. Lipoxygenase inhibitory activity was significant for most of them, although the parent molecules exerted a minor effect (IC50 > 0.2 mM). Those compounds incorporating an antioxidant structure inhibited rat microsomal membrane lipid peroxidation strongly and possessed radical scavenging activity. These results indicated that the described compounds could act at different targets in multifactorial diseases, further limiting the possible adverse effects of drug combinations.

Design, synthesis and biological activity evaluation of NO donor-containing ferrocene-pyrazole derivative

The invention discloses an NO donor-containing ferrocene-pyrazole derivative and a preparation method thereof. A structure of the NO donor-containing ferrocene-pyrazole derivative is shown by the following formula, wherein R is selected from the following groups.

Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel ferrocene-pyrazole derivatives containing nitric oxide donors as COX-2 inhibitors for cancer therapy

A series of novel ferrocene-pyrazole derivatives containing nitric oxide donors as COX-2 inhibitors for cancer therapy were designed, synthesized and biologically evaluated. Among them, compound 7l displayed the most potent inhibitory against COX-2 (IC50 = 0.82 μM) and antiproliferative activities against Hela cells (IC50 = 0.34 μM) compared with Celecoxib (IC50 = 0.38 and 7.91 μM). The further mechanistic studies revealed that 7l could induce apoptosis of Hela cells by mitochondrial depolarization and the antiproliferative activities of 7l were positively correlated with the levels of intracellular NO release in Hela cells. Most notably, 7l could dramatically suppress tumor growth in Hela cells xenografted mouse model. In summary, compound 7l may be promising candidates for cancer therapy.

Nitrate NO donor type evodiamine derivatives with anti-tumor activity

The invention relates to the field of natural medicines and medicinal chemistry and particularly relates to derivatives with modified 13-N of evodiamine. The invention discloses a preparation method of the 13-N nitrate NO donor substituted evodiamine derivatives and evaluation of the anti-tumor activity. The structure of the derivatives is shown in the specification, wherein R is (CH2)n, and n is an integer between 1 and 8.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of nitric oxide-donating analogues of sulindac for prostate cancer treatment

A series of analogues of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) sulindac 1 were synthesised tethered to nitric oxide (NO) donating functional groups. Sulindac shows antiproliterative effects against immortal PC3 cell lines. It was previously demonstrated that the effect can be enhanced when tethered to NO releasing groups such as nitrate esters, furoxans and sydnonimines. To explore this approach further, a total of fifty-six sulindac-NO analogues were prepared and they were evaluated as NO-releasing cytotoxic agents against prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines. Compounds 1k and 1n exhibited significant cytotoxic with IC50 values of 6.1 ± 4.1 and 12.1 ± 3.2 μM, respectively, coupled with observed nitric oxide release.

Synthesis of NO-NSAID dendritic prodrugs via Passerini reaction:new approach to the design of dendrimer-drug conjugates

We report the synthesis of a novel class of dendritic prodrugs via Passerini reaction in one pot. Such dendrimers feature a simultaneous attachment of a conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) (such as ibuprofen and aspirin) and a nitric oxide (NO)-releasing moiety (such as an organic nitrate) onto their surface, and are therefore regarded as new drug delivery systems for NO-releasing NSAIDs (NO-NSAIDs).

Novel analgesic/anti-inflammatory agents: Diarylpyrrole acetic esters endowed with nitric oxide releasing properties

The design of compounds that are able to inhibit cyclooxygenase (COX) and to release nitric oxide (NO) should give rise to drugs endowed with an overall safer profile for the gastrointestinal and cardiovascular systems. Herein we report a new class of pyrrole-derived nitrooxy esters (11a-j), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) selective inhibitors endowed with NO releasing properties, with the goal of generating new molecules able to both strongly inhibit this isoform and reduce the related adverse side effects. Taking into account the metabolic conversion of nitrooxy esters into corresponding alcohols, we also studied derivatives 12a-j. All compounds proved to be very potent and selective COX-2 inhibitors; nitrooxy derivatives displayed interesting ex vivo NO-dependent vasorelaxing properties. Compounds 11c, 11d, 12c, and 12d were selected for further in vivo studies that highlited good anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities. Finally, two selected compounds (11c and 12c) tested in human whole blood (HWB) assay proved to be preferential inhibitors of COX-2.

NITRIC OXIDE AMINO ACID ESTER COMPOUND, COMPOSITIONS FOR INCREASING NITRIC OXIDE LEVELS AND METHOD OF USE

There is provided novel amino acid ester compounds comprising at least one nitric oxide releasing group and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, and novel compositions comprising at least one amino acid ester compound comprising at least one nitric oxide releasing group, and, optionally, at least one nitric oxide donor and/or at least one therapeutic agent. Also provided are compositions for increasing nitric oxide physiological levels in a subject, methods for increasing nitric oxide physiological levels in a subject, methods for improving a subject's muscle strength, athletic performances and/or lean body mass gain and or performance in a subject.

NITRIC OXIDE RELEASING AMINO ACID ESTER COMPOUND, COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF USE

There is provided amino acid ester compounds comprising at least one nitric oxide releasing group, pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof and compositions thereof. These compounds involve an amino acid side-chain or an amino acid derivative thereof and a nitric oxide releasing group as depicted in the following structures: wherein R1 is either an ethyl or an amino acid side-chain group or an amino acid derivative thereof and R2 is an amino acid side-chain group or an amino acid derivative thereof and n is an integer from 1 to 10.