1636-43-7Relevant academic research and scientific papers
1-Hexene Oligomerization in Liquid, Vapor, and Supercritical Phases over Beidellite and Ultrastable Y Zeolite Catalysts
Pater, Jerome P. G.,Jacobs, Pierre A.,Martens, Johan A.
, p. 477 - 482 (2007/10/03)
1-Hexene was oligomerized at 200°C and a pressure of 5 MPa in a down-flow fixed-bed tubular reactor filled with beidellite or ultrastable Y zeolite catalysts. Vapor, liquid, and supercritical states of the reacting hydrocarbons in the reactor tube were established by using propane, pentane, octane, and dodecane as solvents. The initial activity, stability with operation time, and selectivity are very dependent on the physical state of the hydrocarbons. Highest activity and stability are reached in the liquid phase using octane and dodecane solvent. The chain length of the solvent has a strong influence on the deactivation of the catalyst, on the oligomerization selectivity and on the formation of C6 saturates and cracked products.
Formation of three-membered rings by SHi displacement. Reverse of cyclopropyl ring opening
Tanner, Dennis D.,Zhang, Liying,Hu, Li Qing,Kandanarachchi, Pramod
, p. 6818 - 6824 (2007/10/03)
The general methods, photoinitiated or peroxide-initiated free radical chain additions of halomethanes to olefins, yield 1,2-addition products at temperatures ranging from 20 to 100°C. At lower temperatures, -42 to -104°C, a competitive reaction, subsequent to the addition of CCl2X., yields alkylcyclopropanes. The reactions of 1-octene or 1-hexene and 1-methylcyclohexene with atomic hydrogen carried out in the presence of several transfer agents (CCl4, CCl3Br, CCl2Br2) initiate a radical chain addition of CCl2X. and yield cyclized materials resulting from the SHi displacement of halogen by a carbon-centered radical. The radical displacement of a halogen on carbon, the reverse of homolytic displacement on cyclopropyl carbon, is dominant at low temperatures. The rate constants for cyclization (kc) vs transfer with halomethane (kt) showed isokinetic temperatures of -46°C (CCl4, 1-hexene); -35°C (CCl4, 1-methylcyclohexene). The isokinetic temperatures for the reactions of the two substrates carried out in the presence of BrCCl3 were calculated as -204 °C (1-octene) and -109°C (1-methylcyclohexene).
RADIATION CHEMISTRY OF N-HEXANE AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS AS STUDIED BY CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF FINAL PRODUCTS
Doncker, J. de,Tilquin, B.
, p. 107 - 113 (2007/10/02)
Radiolysis of dilute oxygen-free hexane aqueous solutions give dodecanes isomers analyzed by capillary gas chromatography.The relative yields for radicals which react by radical-radical recombination reactions are 39 percent, 32 percent and 29 percent for primary hexyl radical, secondary-2 hexyl radical and secondary-3 hexyl radical respectively.This distribution is changed with the N2O saturation before the radiolysis to 22 percent, 42 percent and 37 percent.If the first distribution is statistic, the increase of OH. available to attack the solute gives the distribution existing in pure alkane radiolysis.
Radiolyse des alcanes en phase liquide: nouvelles evidences experimentales et nouveau schema radiolytique
Tilquin, B.,Doncker, J. de
, p. 1195 - 1208 (2007/10/02)
Yields of final products (dimers) from the radiolysis of n-hexane and 2,3-dimethylbutane are studied by capillary chromatographic techniques for trace analysis.Reaction of intermediates with the products, the alkane molecules or impurities, is reduced by using low dose (1 kGy), low temperature (195 K) and high dose rate (LINAC).Temperature is the most important experiment variable; by reducing the temperature, reactions with sgnificant activation energies do not compete with radical-radical termination reactions.Products from LINAC radiolysis provide information about active species (reactive fragment, allylic radical...) which deserve a more detailed examination by direct methods.
