1709-06-4

Upstream product

• 111-42-2 2,2'-iminobis[ethanol] 
• 79-04-9 chloroacetyl chloride 
• 227945-00-8 diethyl 2-amino-6-[(hydroxycarbamoyl)-methyl]-azulene-1,3-dicarboxylate sodium 
• 105-39-5 chloroacetic acid ethyl ester 
• 186294-82-6 N,N-bis-[2-(tertbutyldimethylsilanyloxy)ethyl]-2-chloroacetamide 

Downstream Products

• 129058-68-0 bruneomycin bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)aminocarbonylmethyl ester 
• 106231-61-2 Benzoic acid [bis-(2-hydroxy-ethyl)-carbamoyl]-methyl ester 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Design and synthesis of aminothiazolyl norfloxacin analogues as potential antimicrobial agents and their biological evaluation

A series of aminothiazolyl norfloxacin analogues as a new type of potential antimicrobial agents were synthesized and screened for their antimicrobial activities. Most of the prepared compounds exhibited excellent inhibitory efficiencies. Especially, norfloxacin analogue II-c displayed superior antimicrobial activities against K. pneumoniae and C. albicans with MIC values of 0.005 and 0.010 mM to reference drugs, respectively. This compound not only showed broad antimicrobial spectrum, rapid bactericidal efficacy and strong enzymes inhibitory potency including DNA gyrase and chitin synthase (CHS), low toxicity against mammalian cells and no obvious propensity to trigger the development of bacterial resistance, but also exerted efficient membrane permeability, and could effectively intercalate into K. pneumoniae DNA to form a steady supramolecular complex, which might block DNA replication to exhibit their powerful antimicrobial activity. Quantum chemical studies were also performed to explain the high antimicrobial activities. Molecular docking showed that compound II-c could bind with gyrase–DNA and topoisomerase IV–DNA through hydrogen bonds and π-π stacking.

The structure of a human metabolite of pholcodine

The structure of a metabolite of pholcodine produced by humans is shown, by spectroscopic and synthetic data, to be a morpholin-3-one (amide) derivative rather than the alternative morpholin-2-one (lactone) isomer. Acylation of diethanolamine leads to an

Synthesis, in vitro skin permeation studies, and PLS-analysis of new naproxen derivatives

Purpose. To synthesize new naproxen (01) derivatives with amide or ester structures or with a combination of the two (02-15). To compare their physicochemical properties with naproxen esters (16-22) and their respective skin permeation behavior. To study structure-permeation relationships via partial least squares (PLS)-analysis. Methods. Stability, aqueous, and octanol solubility were determined. Lipophilicity and further 53 chemical descriptors were computed. A suitable in-vitro skin permeation model was developed to compare maximal flux (Jmax) of derivatives. Based on these flux data, PLS-analysis was performed to derive structure-permeation relationships. Results. None of the new derivatives showed an improved flux in comparison to naproxen. This result can be explained by PLS-analysis: skin permeation increases with the solubility both in water and in octanol. For a good permeation, an optimized molecule should exhibit a small volume with a spherical shape. The surface area should be large in relation to volume, as indicated by the rugosity parameter. A clear separation between the hydrophobic and the hydrophilic domain (= high amphiphilic moment) is favorable. Lipophilicity is inversely correlated with skin permeation. Conclusions. PLS-analysis is a valuable tool to derive significant, internally predictive quantitative models for structure-permeation relationships of naproxen derivatives in the above described skin permeation assay.

Azulene derivatives

The invention provides novel azulene derivatives of general formula I wherein R1 to R6 have the significance given in the description, as well as their tautomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, racemates and physiologically compatible salts or esters and substances which are hydrolyzed or metabolized in vivo to compounds of formula I. The invention is also concerned with a process and intermediates for the manufacture of the above compounds, pharmaceutical compositions which contain such compounds as well as the use of these compounds in the treatment of inflammatory conditions.