17299-95-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Organometallic control over the regiospecificity of functionalization reactions: 1,2,3-Trifluorobenzene and bromo derivatives thereof as substrates
Heiss, Christophe,Schlosser, Manfred
, p. 447 - 451 (2007/10/03)
In a case study, 1,2,3-trifluorobenzene was functionalized at each of the two vacant positions (producing the benzoic acids 1 and 2) and, in addition, bromine was introduced into all available positions (producing the benzoic acids 3-5). The required regioflexibility was achieved by applying novel organometallic recipes such as deprotonation-triggered halogen migrations and site-discriminating competitive halogen-metal permutations. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003.
Extensive halogen scrambling and buttressing effects encountered upon treatment of oligobromoarenes with bases
Mongin, Florence,Marzi, Elena,Schlosser, Manfred
, p. 2771 - 2777 (2007/10/03)
As a rule, tri-, tetra- and pentahaloarenes readily undergo ortho-lithiation when treated with amide-type bases. However, halogen migration occurs whenever the substrate contains three or more contiguous halogen atoms, provided that at least one of them is bromine or iodine. Dismutation and reduction processes often take place concomitantly. In this manner, a variety of organometallic intermediates may be formed, the driving force always being a decrease in basicity. When no such energy gain can be achieved, a sterically crowded substrate may just turn out to be inert; this was found to be the case with 1,5-dibromo-3-fluoro-2-(trimethylsilyl)benzene, 1,5-dibromo-3-fluoro-2,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)benzene, and 1,5-dibromo-3-fluoro-2,4-diiodobenzene. Buttressing effects are apparently strong enough to prevent expedient deprotonation of those substrates.
