17448-21-4

Upstream product

• 591-12-8 5-methyl-2-furanone 
• 100-46-9 benzylamine 
• 123-76-2 levulinic acid 
• 917-64-6 methyl magnesium iodide 
• 2142-06-5 1-(phenylmethyl)-2,5-pyrrolidinedione 

Downstream Products

• 22568-12-3 1-benzyl-5-methylene-pyrrolidin-2-one 
• 1447819-94-4 1-benzyl-5-methyl-5-[2-(methyloxycarbonyl)ethyl]pyrrolidin-2-one 
• 1447819-96-6 C₁₉H₂₇NO₃ 
• 1447819-98-8 1-benzyl-5-methyl-5-(2-cyanoethyl)pyrrolidin-2-one 
• 91640-09-4 5-methyl-1-(phenylmethyl)-2-pyrrolidinone 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Highly Stable Porous-Carbon-Coated Ni Catalysts for the Reductive Amination of Levulinic Acid via an Unconventional Pathway

The catalytic conversions of biomass and its derivatives into fuels and chemicals require active and stable catalysts. Non-noble-metal catalysts typically suffer from deactivation due to the leaching and sintering of the metal species in liquid-phase reactions. In this work, we report a facile synthesis of porous-carbon-coated Ni catalysts supported on carbon nanotubes (CNFx@Ni@CNTs) by atomic layer deposition for the reductive amination of levulinic acid (LA) with amines to pyrrolidones. Under the protection of porous carbon with a moderate thickness, the optimized CNF30@Ni@CNTs catalyst showed a 99% yield of pyrrolidones and recyclability of up to 20 runs without the leaching and sintering of Ni nanoparticles. On the basis of verification experiments and density functional theory calculations, we determined that our Ni-catalyzed reductive amination of LA with amines underwent an unconventional pathway via amides as the first intermediate, followed by tandem cyclization, intramolecular dehydration, and hydrogenation to the desired pyrrolidones. This pathway was completely different from the reported imine-intermediated route in Pt-catalyzed systems. This work provides insights into the design of active and stable heterogeneous catalysts for liquid-phase reactions as well as into switching reaction pathways to realize the replacement of noble metals for the transformation of biobased multifunctional substrates.

Palladium-catalyzed C - O hydrogenolysis in γ-hydroxy γ-lactams as an efficient approach to 5-alkyl(aryl)pyrrolidin-2-ones

5-R-Pyrrolidin-2-ones were synthesized by Pd/Sibunit-catalyzed C - O hydrogenolysis of 5-R-5-hydroxypyrrolidin-2-ones with molecular hydrogen.

Umpolung of hemiaminals: Titanocene-catalyzed dehydroxylative radical coupling reactions with activated alkenes

Radical measures: A radical coupling reaction, which is proposed to proceed through in situ chlorination of a hydroxy group by Me3SiCl, is used to form quaternary carbon centers with amino groups in α position. The reaction can be scaled up and

Several convenient methods for the synthesis of 2-amido substituted furans

Several new methods for the synthesis of differently substituted 2-amidofurans are described. The thermolysis of furan-2-carbonyl azide results in a Curtius rearrangement and the resulting furanyl isocyanate was trapped with various organometallic reagents. A second method consists of a C-N cross-coupling reaction of a bromo-substituted furan with various amides, carbamates, and lactams. The CuI-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction between furanyl bromides and amides furnished 2- and 3-substituted amidofurans in 45-95% yield. The third protocol used involves the reaction of cyclic carbinol amides with triflic anhydride. The reaction proceeds under very mild conditions to provide α-(trifluoromethyl)sulfonamido-substituted furans in high yield. The resulting iminium ion derived from the reaction of the hydroxy pyrrolidinone with Tf2O undergoes a facile ring opening as a consequence of the adjacent hydroxyl group to produce an imino triflate intermediate. Subsequent cyclization of this highly electrophilic imine with the oxygen atom of the adjacent carbonyl group leads to an imino dihydrofuran that reacts further with another equivalent of Tf2O to give the observed product.

The reaction of cyclic carbinol amides with triflic anhydride as a method to prepare α-trifluoromethyl-sulfonamido furans

(Matrix presented) A novel synthesis of α -trifluoromethyl-sulfonamido furans via the reaction of cyclic carbinol amides with triflic anhydride has been developed. The reaction proceeds under very mild conditions with a wide set of representative lactams to provide the α-trifluoromethyl-sulfonamido-substituted furan in high yield. Rapid access to a 5-substituted indoline can be achieved by thermolysis of the N-but-3-enyl-substituted sulfonamido furan.

Triflic anhydride mediated cyclization of 5-hydroxy-substituted pyrrolidinones for the preparation of α-trifluoromethylsulfonamido furans

The reaction of α-angelica lactone with alkylamines under aqueous conditions afforded 5-hydroxy-5-methylpyrrolidinones in high yield. When the reaction was carried out under anhydrous conditions, the only products obtained were the corresponding 4-oxopentanoic acid amides. Treatment of either class of compound with triflic anhydride (Tf2O) in pyridine resulted in the formation of various substituted sulfonamidofurans. The suggested mechanism involves initial formation of an iminium ion which is subsequently transformed into a transient imino triflate. Cyclization of the highly electrophilic imine onto the oxygen atom of the adjacent carbonyl group generates an imino dihydrofuran intermediate. This species reacts further with another equivalent of Tf2O to give the observed product. The nature of the Lewis acid used was found to affect the outcome of the cyclization reaction. In certain cases, the sulfonamide furan was utilized as a cycloaddition substrate for the synthesis of indolines and related heterocyclic systems.