175968-39-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
V-Shaped switching and interlayer interactions in ferroelectric liquid crystals
Petrenko, Alexey,Goodby, John W.
, p. 766 - 782 (2008/02/01)
Linear electrooptic responses in ferroelectric liquid crystals can be achieved via thresholdless switching. The molecular parameters for the design of ferroelectric liquid crystals that may yield a thresholdless response have not been delineated so far. In this article we explore some of the chemical design features that may be utilised in controlling switching processes, and we develop property-structure correlations in order to achieve materials that exhibit thresholdless behaviour. The Royal Society of Chemistry.
The regioexhaustive functionalization of difluorophenols and trifluorophenols through organometallic intermediates
Marzi, Elena,Gorecka, Joanna,Schlosser, Manfred
, p. 1609 - 1618 (2007/10/03)
2,4-Difluorophenol, 2,5-difluorophenol, 2,3-difluorophenol, 3,5-difluorophenol, 3,4-difluorophenol, 2,4,5-trifluorophenol and 2,3,4-trifluorophenol were converted into all 18 possible di- or trifluorinated hydroxybenzoic acids (1a-c, 4a-c, 9a-c, 12a,b, 14a-c, 17a,b, 18a,b), all of them new compounds. The phenolic hydrogen atom was replaced by a methoxymethyl or, less frequently, by a triisopropylsilyl group, which exerted an ortho activating or ortho shielding effect, respectively. Sites flanked by two electronegative substituents (fluorine, alkoxy) were deprotonated with particular ease. They had to be silenced by the reversible attachment of a metalation-blocking trimethylsilyl group or of a metalation-deflecting chlorine atom if the metal was to be introduced elsewhere. In all cases but one, the stage was thus set for an intramolecular competition between metalation at an oxygen-adjacent or a fluorine-adjacent site. It proved indeed possible to secure the desired regioflexibility in either way by relying on an appropriate substrate-reagent matching. This demonstrates once more the potential of the organometallic approach to diversity-oriented synthesis.
Regio-selective hydroxysubstitution of fluorobenzoic acid derivatives: Facile synthesis of fluorosalicylic acid derivatives
Umezu, Kazuto,Tabuchi, Fumiya,Kimura, Yoshikazu
, p. 97 - 99 (2007/10/03)
Ortho-substituted fluorine in 2,4-difluorobenzoic acid was found to be regio-selectively replaced to hydroxide by solid sodium hydroxide in 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, to afford 4-fluoro-2-hydroxybenzoic acid in high yield. Several multi-fluoro-substi
