19038-19-8Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Synthesis of ester-linked lithocholic acid dimers
Nahar, Lutfun,Turner, Alan B.
, p. 1157 - 1161 (2003)
Four lithocholic acid dimers were synthesised via esterification. The ester-linked dimer, 3-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oic acid (cholan-24-oic acid methyl ester)-3-yl ester, (3α,5β), was obtained by condensation of methyl lithocholate with 3-oxo-5β-cholan-24-oic acid. Borohydride reduction of this ester-linked dimer gave 3α-hydroxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid (cholan-24-oic acid methyl ester)-3-yl ester, (3α,5β), which was acetylated to 3α-acetoxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid (cholan-24-oic acid methyl ester)-3-yl ester, (3α,5β). Reaction of methyl lithocholate with oxalyl chloride yielded the oxalate dimer, bis(5β-cholan-24-oic acid methyl ester)-3α-yl oxalate.
Novel self-assembled lithocholic acid nanoparticles for drug delivery in cancer
Patil, Sumersing,Patil, Sohan,Gawali, Suhas,Shende, Shrikant,Jadhav, Shraddha,Basu, Sudipta
, p. 19760 - 19764 (2013)
Novel versatile self-assembled nanoparticles were developed from biocompatible, biodegradable lithocholic acid derivatives. These nanoparticles can incorporate different cytotoxic drugs (paclitaxel and doxorubicin) and PI3K signalling inhibitor (PI103). D
Synthesis of lithocholic acid derivatives as proteasome regulators
Dang, Zhao,Jung, Kathy,Qian, Keduo,Lee, Kuo-Hsiung,Huang, Li,Chen, Chin-Ho
, p. 925 - 930 (2012)
Accumulation of aberrant protein aggregates, such as amyloid β peptide (Aβ), due to decreased proteasome activities, might contribute to the neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. In this study, lithocholic acid derivatives 3α-O-pimeloyl-lithocholic acid methyl ester (2) and its isosteric isomer (6) were found to activate the chymotrypsin-like activity of the proteasome at an EC50 of 7.8 and 4.3 μM, respectively. Replacing the C24 methyl ester in 2 with methylamide resulted in a complete devoid of proteasome activating activity. Epimerizing the C3 substituent from an α to β orientation transformed the activator into a proteasome inhibitor. Unlike the cellular proteasome activator PA28, proteasome activated by 2 was not inhibited by Aβ. Furthermore, 2 potently antagonized the inhibitory effect of Aβ on the proteasome. In summary, compound 2 represents a novel class of small molecules that not only activates the proteasome but also antagonizes the inhibitory effect of Aβ on the proteasome.
Antimicrobial activity of basic cholane derivatives. X. Synthesis of 3α- and 3β-amino-5β-cholan-24-oic acids
Bellini, Anna M.,Mencini, Elena,Quaglio, Maria P.,Guarneri, Mario,Fini, Adamo
, p. 395 - 398 (1991)
A simple and convenient route to 3α- and 3β-amino-5β-cholan-24-oic acids was developed via Leuckart-Wallach amination reduction and subsequent acid hydrolysis.Two epimeric formylamino derivatives were produced (α and β), approximately in a 1:1 ratio, as determined by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.The two isomers were separated by making use of their different solubilities in ethyl ether.The absolute configuration of the two amino acids was assigned by comparison with authentic reference samples.Keywords: Leuckart-Wallach reaction; 3-amino-5β-cholan-24-oic acids; epimers; separation; absolute configuration; steroids; synthesis, 3α- and 3β-amino-5β-cholan-24-oic acids
Vitamin E analogues differentially inhibit human cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A)-mediated oxidative metabolism of lithocholic acid: Impact of δ-tocotrienol on lithocholic acid cytotoxicity
Wong, Siew Ying,Teo, Josephine Si Min,Chai, Swee Fen,Yeap, Szu Ling,Lau, Aik Jiang
, p. 62 - 74 (2019)
Lithocholic acid is a cytotoxic bile acid oxidized at the C-3 position by human cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A) to form 3-ketocholanoic acid, but it is not known whether this metabolite is cytotoxic. Tocotrienols, in their various isomeric forms, are vitamin E analogues. In the present study, the hypothesis to be tested is that tocotrienols inhibit CYP3A-catalyzed lithocholic acid 3-oxidation, thereby influencing lithocholic acid cytotoxicity. Our enzyme catalysis experiments indicated that human recombinant CYP3A5 in addition to CYP3A4, liver microsomes, and intestinal microsomes catalyzed lithocholic acid 3-oxidation to form 3-ketocholanoic acid. Liver microsomes with the CYP3A5*1/*3 and CYP3A5*3/*3 genotypes were associated with decreased lithocholic acid 3-oxidation. α-Tocotrienol, γ-tocotrienol, δ-tocotrienol, and a tocotrienol-rich vitamin E mixture, but not α-tocopherol (a vitamin E analogue), differentially inhibited lithocholic acid 3-oxidation catalyzed by liver and intestinal microsomes and recombinant CYP3A4 and CYP3A5. Compared to lithocholic acid 3-oxidation, CYP3A-catalyzed testosterone 6β-hydroxylation was inhibited to a lesser extent by α-tocotrienol, γ-tocotrienol, δ-tocotrienol, and a tocotrienol-rich vitamin E mixture. δ-Tocotrienol inhibited lithocholic acid 3-oxidation by a mixed mode. Like lithocholic acid, 3-ketocholanoic acid was also cytotoxic in human intestinal and liver cell models. δ-Tocotrienol decreased the extent of lithocholic acid 3-oxidation and this inhibition was associated with enhanced cytotoxicity in LS180 cells treated with δ-tocotrienol and lithocholic acid. Overall, vitamin E analogues inhibited in vitro lithocholic acid 3-oxidation in an isomer-dependent manner, with inhibition occurring with tocotrienols, but not α-tocopherol. The enhanced lithocholic acid toxicity by δ-tocotrienol in a human intestinal cell model warrants future investigations in vivo.
Preparation method of lithocholic acid and intermediates thereof
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, (2021/02/20)
The invention discloses a synthesis method of lithocholic acid and an intermediates thereof. According to the preparation method of the lithocholic acid intermediate, a compound I reacts with hydrogento generate a compound II in a mixed solvent by taking palladium on carbon as a catalyst and adding specific alkali; a low-price botanical bulk fermentation product BA is used as a raw material, andlithocholic acid is synthesized through side chain construction, hydrogenation, reduction, hydrolysis and other reactions; and the selectivity of 5beta hydrogen in the hydrogenation reaction is improved, high-toxicity reagents such as hydrazine hydrate are prevented from being used for hydroxyl due to removal of other animal-derived cholic acids, and the method is environmentally friendly, high insafety, simple in route, mild in reaction condition and suitable for industrial mass production.
STEROID COMPOUNDS AS TREG MODULATORS AND USES THEREOF
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Paragraph 0315, (2020/05/19)
Steroid compounds are disclosed that have a formula represented by the following: (I) and wherein R1, R2, R3a, R3b, R4a, R4b, R5, R6a, R6b, R7, R
Method for preparing acid through oxidating alcohols or aldehydes by oxygen
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Paragraph 0051; 0052; 0053; 0054; 0103; 0104; 0105, (2017/09/29)
The invention provides a method for preparing acid through oxidating alcohols or aldehydes by using oxygen or oxygen in air as an oxidant. The method comprises the steps: oxidating the alcohols or aldehydes to produce the acid at room temperature in an organic solvent in a manner of taking ferric nitrate (Fe(NO3)3.9H2O), 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidyl nitrogen oxide (TEMPO) and an inorganic halide as catalysts and taking the oxygen or air as an oxidant, and oxidating diols to produce lactone; or, carrying out a reaction on the aldehydes, which serve as a raw material, under neutral conditions by taking ferric nitrate as a catalyst, and oxidating the aldehydes to produce the acid and peroxy acid. The method has the advantages that the method is environmentally friendly, the cost is low, the yield is high, the atomic economical efficiency is high, the compatibility of substrate functional groups is good, the reaction conditions are mild, a reaction scale can be enlarged, and the like, so that the method is suitable for being applied to industrial production.
Iron Catalysis for Room-Temperature Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols to Carboxylic Acids
Jiang, Xingguo,Zhang, Jiasheng,Ma, Shengming
supporting information, p. 8344 - 8347 (2016/07/26)
Oxidation from alcohols to carboxylic acids, a class of essential chemicals in daily life, academic laboratories, and industry, is a fundamental reaction, usually using at least a stoichiometric amount of an expensive and toxic oxidant. Here, an efficient and practical sustainable oxidation technology of alcohols to carboxylic acids using pure O2 or even O2 in air as the oxidant has been developed: utilizing a catalytic amount each of Fe(NO3)3·9H2O/TEMPO/MCl, a series of carboxylic acids were obtained from alcohols (also aldehydes) in high yields at room temperature. A 55 g-scale reaction was demonstrated using air. As a synthetic application, the first total synthesis of a naturally occurring allene, i.e., phlomic acid, was accomplished.
Lithocholic acid and derivatives: Antibacterial activity
Do Nascimento, Patrícia G.G.,Lemos, Telma L.G.,Almeida, Macia C.S.,De Souza, Juliana M.O.,Bizerra, Ayla M.C.,Santiago, Gilvandete M.P.,Da Costa, José G.M.,Coutinho, Henrique D.M.
, p. 8 - 15 (2015/12/01)
In order to develop bioactive lithocholic acid derivatives, we prepared fifteen semi-synthetic compounds through modification at C-3 and/or C-24. The reactions showed yields ranging from 37% to 100%. The structures of all compounds obtained were identified on the basis of their spectral data (IR, MS, 1D- and 2D-NMR). The activity of lithocholic acid and derivatives was evaluated against the growth of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The derivative 3α-formyloxy-5β-cholan-24-oic acid (LA-06) showed the best activity, with MIC values of 0.0790 mM against E. coli (Ec 27) and B. cereus in both cases, and 0.0395 mM against S. aureus (ATCC 12692). Lithocholic acid and the derivatives with MIC ≤ 1.2 mM were evaluated on the susceptibility of some bacterial pathogens to the aminoglycoside antibiotics neomycin, amikacin and gentamicin was evaluated. There are no previously reported studies about these compounds as modifiers of the action of antibiotics or any other drugs.
