1940-95-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Transition-Metal-Free C-C, C-O, and C-N Cross-Couplings Enabled by Light
Liu, Wenbo,Li, Jianbin,Querard, Pierre,Li, Chao-Jun
, p. 6755 - 6764 (2019/05/06)
Transition-metal-catalyzed cross-couplings to construct C-C, C-O, and C-N bonds have revolutionized chemical science. Despite great achievements, these metal catalysts also raise certain issues including their high cost, requirement of specialized ligands, sensitivity to air and moisture, and so-called "transition-metal-residue issue". Complementary strategy, which does not rely on the well-established oxidative addition, transmetalation, and reductive elimination mechanistic paradigm, would potentially eliminate all of these metal-related issues. Herein, we show that aryl triflates can be coupled with potassium aryl trifluoroborates, aliphatic alcohols, and nitriles without the assistance of metal catalysts empowered by photoenergy. Control experiments reveal that among all common aryl electrophiles only aryl triflates are competent in these couplings whereas aryl iodides and bromides cannot serve as the coupling partners. DFT calculation reveals that once converted to the aryl radical cation, aryl triflate would be more favorable to ipso substitution. Fluorescence spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry investigations suggest that the interaction between excited acetone and aryl triflate is essential to these couplings. The results in this report are anticipated to provide new opportunities to perform cross-couplings.
An efficient and selective hydroarylation of styrenes with electron-rich arenes, catalyzed by bismuth(III) chloride and affording Markovnikov adducts
Sun, Hong-Bin,Li, Biao,Hua, Ruimao,Yin, Gwu
, p. 4231 - 4236 (2007/10/03)
In the presence of BiCl3, the hydroarylation of styrenes with electron-rich arenes afforded Markovnikov adducts selectively in good to high yields. Under arene-free conditions, the intermolecular hydroarylation of α-substituted styrenes and subsequent intramolecular hydroarylation produced the cyclic dimers of α-substituted styrenes in good yields. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2006.
