199383-82-9

Upstream product

• 10534-59-5 tetrabutylammonium acetate 
• 64-19-7 acetic acid 
• 108-22-5 Isopropenyl acetate 
• 5769-13-1 4-phenyl-cyclohexanol 
• 4894-75-1 1-phenyl-4-cyclohexanone 

Downstream Products

• 4894-75-1 1-phenyl-4-cyclohexanone 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

X-ray structure and conformation of some enol acetates derived from simple ketones

The conformational arrangements of a series of enol acetates derived from simple ketones have been examined by X-ray crystallography. For this series, the carbonyl enol motif was found to adopt a similar conformation.

Iron-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling of Alkenyl Acetates

Stable C-O linkages are generally unreactive in cross-coupling reactions which mostly employ more electrophilic halides or activated esters (triflates, tosylates). Acetates are cheap and easily accessible electrophiles but have not been used in cross-couplings because the strong C-O bond and high propensity to engage in unwanted acetylation and deprotonation. Reported herein is a selective iron-catalyzed cross-coupling of diverse alkenyl acetates, and it operates under mild reaction conditions (0 C, 2 h) with a ligand-free catalyst (1-2 mol%). Iron clad: Acetates are underutilized electrophiles in metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions because of the strong alkenyl C-O bond and their propensity to engage in unwanted reactions. Combination of a ligand-free low-valent Fe catalyst with nucleophilic organomagnesium reagents, low temperature, and short reaction times results in highly selective cross-couplings with alkenyl acetates.

Elimination-addition mechanism for nucleophilic substitution reaction of cyclohexenyl iodonium salts and regioselectivity of nucleophilic addition to the cyclohexyne intermediate

The reaction of 4-substituted cyclohex-1-enyl(phenyl)iodonium tetrafluoroborate with tetrabutyl-ammonium acetate gives both the ipso and cine acetate-substitution products in aprotic solvents. The isomeric 5-substituted iodonium salt also gives the same mixture of the isomeric acetate products. The reaction is best explained by an elimination-addition mechanism with 4-substituted cyclohexyne as a common intermediate. The cyclohexyne formation was confirmed by deuterium labeling and trapping to lead to [4 + 2] cycloadducts and a platinum-cyclohexyne complex. Cyclohexyne can also be generated in the presence of some other mild bases such as fluoride ion, alkoxides, and amines, though amines are less effective bases for the elimination. Kinetic deuterium isotope effects show that the anionic bases induce the E2 elimination (k H/kD > 2), while the amines allow formation of a cyclohexenyl cation in chloroform to lead to E1 as well as SN1 reactions (k H/kD ≈ 1). Bases are much less effective in methanol, and methoxide was the only base to efficiently afford the cyclohexyne intermediate. Nucleophiles react with the cyclohexyne to give regioisomeric products in the ratio dependent on the ring substituent. The observed regioselectivity of nucleophilic addition to substituted cyclohexynes is rationalized from calculated LUMO populations, which are governed by the bond angles at the acetylenic carbons: The less deformed carbon has a higher LUMO population and is preferentially attacked by the nucleophile.

Cyclohexynes. Generation from iodonium salts and regioselective reaction with nucleophile

Cyclohexynes are effectively generated by treatment of cyclohex-1-enyliodonium salts with a mild base such as acetate and fluoride ion in chloroform. Regioselectivity of the nucleophilic addition of acetate ion to cyclohexynes depends on the 4-substituent