20019-64-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
The reaction of photochemically generated α-hydroxyalkyl radicals with alkynes: a synthetic route to γ-butenolides
Geraghty, Niall W.A.,Hernon, Elaine M.
, p. 570 - 573 (2009)
The photomediated generation of α-hydroxyalkyl radicals from simple acyclic and cyclic alcohols, and acyclic diols, and their subsequent carbon-carbon bond forming reaction with propiolate esters and acetylenedicarboxylates, gives a mixture of a β-(hydroxyalkyl)enoate, the result of a formal cis addition, and the unsaturated lactone (γ-butenolide) resulting from the spontaneous cyclization of the corresponding trans addition product. Treatment of the cis adduct with NBS converts it to the same lactone, and so the method overall constitutes a particularly direct route to this important structural unit. Cyclic alcohols give rise to spiro-γ-butenolides. The use of supported photomediators simplifies product isolation and allows for the recovery and reuse of the photomediator.
Addition of sec-alcohols to alkynes through a radical process using NHPI/CoII/O2 system
Oka, Ryouhei,Nakayama, Masami,Sakaguchi, Satoshi,Ishii, Yasutaka
, p. 1104 - 1105 (2006)
α-Hydroxy carbon radicals generated from alcohols by the action of NHPI smoothly added to electron-deficient alkynes like acetylenedicarboxylates. For instance, the reaction of 2-propanol with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate afforded maleate derivative 3, 3-methoxycarbonyl-4,4-dimethyl-2-buten-4-olide (4), and a fused bis-γ-butyrolactone 5 formed by further addition of 2-hydroxy-2-propyl radical to 4. Copyright
Copper-Catalyzed Desaturation of Lactones, Lactams, and Ketones under pH-Neutral Conditions
Chen, Ming,Dong, Guangbin
supporting information, p. 14889 - 14897 (2019/10/02)
A copper-catalyzed desaturation method that is suitable for converting lactones, lactams, and cyclic ketones to their α,β-unsaturated counterparts is reported. The reaction does not require strong base/acid or sulfur/selenium reagents and can be carried out through a simple one-step operation. The protocol uses inexpensive catalysts and reagents and exhibits excellent scalability and functional group tolerance. Notably, tert-butyl alcohol is the only stoichiometric byproduct produced, and overoxidation is not observed. The reaction mechanism has been investigated through control experiments, deuterium labeling, radical clock, electron paramagnetic resonance, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and kinetic studies. The data obtained are consistent with a reaction pathway involving reversible α-deprotonation by a Cu(II)-OtBu species followed by further oxidation of the resulting Cu enolate.
Palladium(II) Chloride Catalyzed Carbonylation of Organic Tellurides with Carbon Monoxide
Ohe, Kouichi,Takahashi, Hidetaka,Uemura, Sakae,Sugita, Nobuyuki
, p. 4859 - 4863 (2007/10/02)
Various organic tellurides react with carbon monoxide (1 atm) at room temperature in methanol in the presence of PdCl2 and Et3N to afford the corresponding methyl carboxylates in good to excellent yields.The reaction is catalytic in PdCl2 when a suitable reoxidant such as CuCl2, CuCl/O2, FeCl3 or Ce(NH4)2(NO3)6 is present.The combination of this carbonylation with phenyltellurenylation of arylacetylenes and propargylic alcohols makes it possible to prepare ring-substituted cis-methyl cinnamates and Δα,β-butenolides, respectively.Both monomeric and dimeric palladium complexes, (Ph2Te)2PdCl2 and 2, react readily with CO to give a high yield of methyl benzoate.The key step of the present carbonylation is proposed to be the migration of an organic moiety from Te to Pd (transmetalation) in organic telluride-PdCl2 complexes, presumably formed in situ, to afford organopalladium compounds.
