210244-51-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
CN128: A New Orally Active Hydroxypyridinone Iron Chelator
Chen, Wenteng,Yuan, Xin,Li, Zhi,Lu, Zidong,Kong, Sisi,Jiang, Huidi,Du, Houbing,Pan, Xiuhong,Nandi, Manasi,Kong, Xiaole,Brown, Kathryn,Liu, Zudong,Zhang, Guolin,Hider, Robert C.,Yu, Yongping
, p. 4215 - 4226 (2020)
Deferoxamine, deferiprone, and deferasirox are used for the treatment of systemic iron overload, although they possess limitations due to lack of oral activity, lower efficacy, and side effects. These limitations led to a search for an orally active iron chelator with an improved therapeutic index. The lower efficacy of deferiprone is due to rapid glucuronidation, leading to the formation of a nonchelating metabolite. Here, we demonstrate that the influence of metabolism can be reduced by introducing a sacrificial site for glucuronidation. A log P-guided investigation of 20 hydroxpyridinones led to the identification of CN128. The Fe(III) affinity and metal selectivity of CN128 are similar to those of deferiprone, the log P value is more lipophilic, and its iron scavenging ability is superior. Overall, CN128 was demonstrated to be safe in a range of toxicity assessments and is now in clinical trials for the treatment of β-thalassemia after regular blood transfusion.
Hydroxypyridinone and 5-Aminolaevulinic Acid Conjugates for Photodynamic Therapy
Battah, Sinan,Hider, Robert C.,MacRobert, Alexander J.,Dobbin, Paul S.,Zhou, Tao
, p. 3498 - 3510 (2017/05/05)
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising treatment strategy for malignant and nonmalignant lesions. 5-Aminolaevulinic acid (ALA) is used as a precursor of the photosensitizer, protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), in dermatology and urology. However, the effectiveness of ALA-PDT is limited by the relatively poor bioavailability of ALA and rapid conversion of PpIX to haem. The main goal of this study was to prepare and investigate a library of single conjugates designed to coadminister the bioactive agents ALA and hydroxypyridinone (HPO) iron chelators. A significant increase in intracellular PpIX levels was observed in all cell lines tested when compared to the administration of ALA alone. The higher PpIX levels observed using the conjugates correlated well with the observed phototoxicity following exposure of cells to light. Passive diffusion appears to be the main mechanism for the majority of ALA-HPOs investigated. This study demonstrates that ALA-HPOs significantly enhance phototherapeutic metabolite formation and phototoxicity.
5-aminolevulinic acid/3-hydroxyl pyridone conjugate, preparation method therefor and use of 5-aminolevulinic acid/3-hydroxyl pyridone conjugate
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, (2017/08/28)
The invention discloses conjugates of 5-aminolevulinic acid and 3-hydroxyl pyrid-4-one. The conjugates are conjugates of 5-aminolevulinic acid and an iron chelating agent, i.e., 3-hydroxyl pyrid-4-one and are ALA-HPO conjugates 1 to 4 separately. The invention further simultaneously discloses a preparation method for the conjugates of 5-aminolevulinic acid and 3-hydroxyl pyrid-4-one and use of the conjugates of 5-aminolevulinic acid and 3-hydroxyl pyrid-4-one. The conjugates can be used for preparing photodynamic therapy drugs and can also be used for preparing drugs for treating skin cancer, lung cancer or verruca acuminata.
PYRIDINONE COMPOUNDS FOR USE IN PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY
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Paragraph 0095, (2015/08/04)
A compound which is a compound of formula (I) or any salt thereof: wherein R1 is a Ci-C6 alkyl group, R2 is H or a Ci-C6 alkyl group, R3 is H or a Ci-C6 alkyl group, and n is an integer from 0 to 5.
PYRIDINONE COMPOUNDS FOR USE IN PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY
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Page/Page column 17, (2014/03/25)
A compound which is a compound of formula (I) or any salt thereof: wherein R1 is a Ci-C6 alkyl group, R2 is H or a Ci-C6 alkyl group, R3 is H or a Ci-C6 alkyl group, and n is an integer from 0 to 5.
Synthesis, physicochemical properties and biological evaluation of aromatic ester prodrugs of 1-(2'-hydroxyethyl)-2-ethyl-3-hydroxypyridin-4-one (CP102): Orally active iron chelators with clinical potential
Liu, Zu Dong,Liu, Ding Yong,Lu, Shu Li,Hider, Robert C.
, p. 555 - 564 (2007/10/03)
The synthesis of seven aromatic ester derivatives of 1-(2'-hydroxyethyl)-2-ethyl-3-hydroxypyridin-4-one is described. These ester prodrugs have been designed to target iron chelators to the liver, the major iron storage organ. In principle this should improve chelation efficacy and minimize toxicity. The distribution coefficients of these ester prodrugs between 1-octanol and MOPS buffer pH 7.4 were measured together with their rates of hydrolysis at pH 2 and pH 7.4, in rat blood and liver homogenate. Esters with heteroaromatic acid moieties were found to be less stable than benzoyl analogues. The in-vivo iron mobilisation efficacy of these ester prodrugs has been compared with that of the parent drug using a 59Fe-ferritin loaded rat model. Many prodrugs were found to enhance the ability of the parent hydroxypyridinone to facilitate 59Fe excretion. However, not all prodrugs provided increased efficacy, demonstrating that lipophilicity is not the only factor which influences drug efficacy. Furthermore, no clear correlation between efficacy and susceptibility to hydrolysis was detected. The picolinic and nicotinic ester derivatives appear to offer the best potential as prodrugs as they have a relatively low LogP value and yet lead to enhanced efficacy over the parent hydroxypyridinone.
Synthesis, physicochemical properties, and biological evaluation of N- substituted 2-alkyl-3-hydroxy-4(1H)-pyridinones: Orally active iron chelators with clinical potential
Dobbin,Hider,Hall,Taylor,Sarpong,Porter,Xiao,Van der Helm
, p. 2448 - 2458 (2007/10/02)
The synthesis of a range of novel bidentate ligands containing the chelating moiety 3-hydroxy-4(1H)-pyridinone is described. The pK(a) values of the ligands and the stability constants of their iron(III) complexes have been determined. The crystal structures of one of the ligands and one of the iron(III) complexes are presented. The distribution coefficients of the ligands are reported and are related to the ability of the ligands to remove iron from hepatocytes. The influence of 3-hydroxy-4(1H)-pyridinones on oxidative damage to cells is described. In contrast to the iron chelator in current therapeutic use, desferrioxamine-B, many of the bidentate ligands described in this study are orally active in iron-overloaded mice.
