21171-97-1

Upstream product

• 92507-06-7 (S)-2-(((benzyloxy)carbonyl)amino)-3-phenylpropanethioic S-acid 
• 622-79-7 benzyl azide 
• 100-46-9 benzylamine 
• 3588-57-6 Z-DL-Phe-OH 
• 2578-84-9 N-benzyloxycarbonyl-L-phenylalanine p-nitrophenyl ester 
• 1161-13-3 N-Cbz-L-Phe 
• 3397-32-8 N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-phenylalanine-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester 

Downstream Products

• 911289-32-2 C₂₂H₂₁N₃O₄*ClH 
• 911289-61-7 C₃₆H₃₃N₃O₄ 
• 126090-42-4 (S)-2-amino-N-benzyl-3-phenylpropionamide hydrochloride 
• 63-91-2 L-phenylalanine 
• 6455-20-5 L-phenylalanine benzylamide 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis of amides and esters containing furan rings under microwave-assisted conditions

In this work, we present a novel method for the synthesis of ester and amide derivatives containing furan rings (furfural derivatives) under mild synthetic conditions supported by microwave radiation. N-(Furan-2-ylmethyl)furan-2-carboxamide and furan-2-ylmethyl furan-2-carboxylate were produced using 2-furoic acid, furfurylamine, and furfuryl alcohol. The reactions were carried out in a microwave reactor in the presence of effective coupling reagents: DMT/NMM/TsO? or EDC. The reaction time, the solvent, and the amounts of the substrates were optimized. After crystallization or flash chromatography, the final compounds were isolated with good or very good yields. Our method allows for the synthesis of N-blocked amides using N-blocked amino acids (Boc, Cbz, Fmoc) and amine. As well as compounds with a monoamide and ester moiety, products with diamides and diester bonds (N,N-bis(furan-2-ylmethyl) furan-2,5-dicarboxamide, bis(furan-2-ylmethyl) furan-2,5dicarboxylate, and furan-3,4-diylbis(methylene) bis(furan-2-carboxylate)) were synthesized with moderate yields in the presence of DMT/NMM/TsO– or EDC, using 2,5-furan-dicarboxylic acid and 3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan as substrates.

Mechanistic implications of the enantioselective addition of alkylzinc reagents to aldehydes catalyzed by nickel complexes with α-amino amide ligands

The enantioselective alkylation of aldehydes catalysed by nickel(ii)-complexes derived from α-amino amides was studied by means of density functional theory (DFT) and ONIOM (B3LYP:UFF) calculations. A mechanism was proposed in order to investigate the origin of enantioselectivity. The chirality-determining step for the alkylation was the formation of the intermediate complexes with the involvement of a 5/4/4-fused tricyclic transition state. The predominant products predicted theoretically were of (S)-configuration, in good agreement with experimental observations. The scope of the reaction was examined and high yields and enantioselectivities were observed for the enantioselective addition of Et2Zn and Me2Zn to aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes.

A mild and efficient amide formation reaction mediated by P(OEt)3 and iodine

With the activation of P(OEt)3 and I2, carboxylic acids can smoothly react with various primary and secondary amines, affording a series of amides, including peptides without racemization. 31P NMR spectroscopy studies showed that carboxylic phosphoric mixed anhydride was the reactive intermediate and a possible mechanism was herein proposed.

An efficient mechanochemical synthesis of amides and dipeptides using 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine and PPh3

A rapid, facile, and efficient mechanochemical synthesis of amides from carboxylic acids has been developed through an in situ acid activation with 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine and a catalytic amount of PPh3. Under room temperature solvent-drop grinding of the reactants in the presence of an inorganic base, a variety of carboxylic acids including aromatic acids, aliphatic acids, and N-protected α-amino acids undergo amidation to afford amides in moderate to excellent yields. The method is also compatible with Fmoc, Cbz, and Boc protecting groups which yields protected optically active dipeptides without detectable racemization.

Significance of reagent addition sequence in the amidation of carboxylic acids mediated by PPh3 and I2

The outcome of the amidation reaction mediated by PPh3-I2 was found to be highly dependent on the addition sequence of the reagents. When triethylamine was subjected to a mixture containing PPh3, I2, and a carboxylic acid, acid anhydride was generated almost instantly, before treatment with an amine, presumably via an attack of carboxylate ion onto the acyl function of an acyloxyphosphonium salt. Nevertheless, when a PPh3-I2 mixture was treated with an amine, then a carboxylic acid, prior to adding the base, amide was rapidly formed in high yield with high chemoselectivity, most likely through an intermediate O,N-pentacoordinate phosphorane species as confirmed by ESI-MS technique.

C2 symmetrical nickel complexes derived from α-amino amides as efficient catalysts for the enantioselective addition of dialkylzinc reagents to aldehydes

A series of C2 symmetrical 1:2 Ni:L complexes derived from α-amino amides were studied for the enantioselective addition of dialkylzinc reagents to aldehydes. Different structural elements on the ligands seem to play an important role in determining the observed enantioselectivity. Through optimization of structure and reaction conditions, the best ligand provided secondary alcohols in excellent yields (up to 98%) and enantioselectivity of up to 99% ee for (R)-enantiomer. A transition state model has been proposed to explain the observed enantioselectivities based on computational calculations at the DFT level. Very interestingly, calculations suggest a coordination model of the aldehyde to the metal complex through association of a lone pair of the carbonyl oxygen to the hydrogen atom of an amino group.

Synthesis, physical-chemical characterisation and biological evaluation of novel 2-amido-3-hydroxypyridin-4(1H)-ones: Iron chelators with the potential for treating Alzheimer's disease

A novel class of 2-amido-3-hydroxypyridin-4-one iron chelators is described. These compounds have been designed to behave as suitable molecular probes which will improve our knowledge of the role of iron in neurodegenerative conditions. Neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD), can be considered as diverse pathological conditions sharing critical metabolic processes such as protein aggregation and oxidative stress. Interestingly, both these metabolic alterations seem to be associated with the involvement of metal ions, including iron. Iron chelation is therefore a potential therapeutic approach. The physico-chemical (pKa, pFe 3+ and log P) and biological properties (inhibition of iron-containing enzymes) of these chelators have been investigated in order to obtain a suitable profile for the treatment of neurodegenerative conditions. Studies with neuronal cell cultures confirm that the new iron chelators are neuroprotective against β-amyloid-induced toxicity.

Design, synthesis, and application of enantioselective coupling reagent with a traceless chiral auxiliary

(Chemical Equation Presented) Stable chiral N-triazinylbrucinium tetrafluoroborate enantioselectively activates racemic carboxylic acids yielding enantiomerically enriched amides, esters, and dipeptides with er from 8:92 to 0.5:99.5. Due to the departure

Enantioselective nickel-catalyzed conjugate addition of dialkylzinc to chalcones using chiral α-amino amides

A series of α-amino amides derived from natural amino acids (alanine, valine, phenylalanine, isoleucine, and phenylglycine) have been synthesized and fully characterized. Their Ni(II) complexes prepared from Ni(acac)2 catalyze the enantioselective conjugate addition of diethylzinc to chalcones in high yields and in good enantioselectivities (up to 84%). The side chain of the amino acid and the substituents in the amide nitrogen govern the enantioselectivity of the catalytic process.