2181-21-7

Upstream product

• 98-59-9 p-toluenesulfonyl chloride 
• 144230-50-2 4-methylenepiperidine monohydrochloride 
• 50-00-0 formaldehyd 
• 109105-89-7 3-((trimethylsilyl)methyl)but-3-en-1-amine 
• 41979-39-9 4-piperidone hydrochloride 
• 1361406-63-4 4-methylenepiperidine trifluoroacetate 
• 33439-27-9 N-tosyl-4-piperidone 
• 2065-66-9 methyl-triphenylphosphonium iodide 
• 140136-30-7 (4-Azido-2-methylene-butyl)-trimethyl-silane 
• 159635-49-1 tert-butyl 4-methylidenepiperidine-1-carboxylate 
• 1779-49-3 Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide 

Downstream Products

• 151251-52-4 2-[1-[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]tetrahydro-4(1H)-pyridinyliden]ethyl acetate 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Metal-free Photochemical Atom Transfer Radical Addition (ATRA) of BrCCl3 to Alkenes

A simple, photochemical, and metal-free protocol for the atom transfer radical addition (ATRA) of bromotrichloromethane onto various alkenes is described. Among a range of organic molecules, phenylglyoxylic acid proved to be the most suitable photoinitiator to promote a sustainable process for the addition of bromotrichloromethane to olefins. This photochemical atom transfer radical protocol can be expanded into a wide substrate scope of aliphatic olefins bearing various functional groups, leading to the corresponding products in good to excellent yields.

Methyl Radical Initiated Kharasch and Related Reactions

An improved procedure to run halogen atom and related chalcogen group transfer radical additions is reported. The procedure relies on the thermal decomposition of di-tert-butylhyponitrite (DTBHN), a safer alternative to the explosive diacetyl peroxide, to produce highly reactive methyl radicals that can initiate the chain process. This mode of initiation generates byproducts that are either gaseous (N2) or volatile (acetone and methyl halide) thereby facilitating greatly product purification by either flash column chromatography or distillation. In addition, remarkably simple and mild reaction conditions (refluxing EtOAc during 30 minutes under normal atmosphere) and a low excess of the radical precursor reagent (2 equivalents) make this protocol particularly attractive for preparative synthetic applications. This initiation procedure has been demonstrated with a broad scope since it works efficiently to add a range of electrophilic radicals generated from iodides, bromides, selenides and xanthates over a range of unactivated terminal alkenes. A diverse set of radical trap substrates exemplifies a broad functional group tolerance. Finally, di-tert-butyl peroxyoxalate (DTBPO) is also demonstrated as alternative source of tert-butoxyl radicals to initiate these reactions under identical conditions which gives gaseous by-products (CO2). (Figure presented.).

An N-Fluorinated Imide for Practical Catalytic Imidations

Catalytic imidation using NFSI as the nitrogen source has become an emerging tool for oxidative carbon-nitrogen bond formation. However, the less than ideal benzenesulfonimide moiety is incorporated into products, severely detracting its synthetic value.

Olefination via Cu-Mediated Dehydroacylation of Unstrained Ketones

The dehydroacylation of ketones to olefins is realized under mild conditions, which exhibits a unique reaction pathway involving aromatization-driven C-C cleavage to remove the acyl moiety, followed by Cu-mediated oxidative elimination to form an alkene between the α and β carbons. The newly adopted N′-methylpicolinohydrazonamide (MPHA) reagent is key to enable efficient cleavage of ketone C-C bonds at room temperature. Diverse alkyl- and aryl-substituted olefins, dienes, and special alkenes are generated with broad functional group tolerance. Strategic applications of this method are also demonstrated.

Site-Specific Alkene Hydromethylation via Protonolysis of Titanacyclobutanes

Methyl groups are ubiquitous in biologically active molecules. Thus, new tactics to introduce this alkyl fragment into polyfunctional structures are of significant interest. With this goal in mind, a direct method for the Markovnikov hydromethylation of alkenes is reported. This method exploits the degenerate metathesis reaction between the titanium methylidene unveiled from Cp2Ti(μ-Cl)(μ-CH2)AlMe2 (Tebbe's reagent) and unactivated alkenes. Protonolysis of the resulting titanacyclobutanes in situ effects hydromethylation in a chemo-, regio-, and site-selective manner. The broad utility of this method is demonstrated across a series of mono- and di-substituted alkenes containing pendant alcohols, ethers, amides, carbamates, and basic amines.

Rhodium-Catalyzed Intermolecular Cyclopropanation of Benzofurans, Indoles, and Alkenes via Cyclopropene Ring Opening

The generation of metal carbenoids via ring opening of cyclopropenes by transition metals offers a simple entry into highly reactive intermediates. Herein, we describe a diastereoselective intermolecular rhodium-catalyzed cyclopropanation of heterocycles and alkenes using cyclopropenes as carbene precursors with a low loading of a commercially available rhodium catalyst. The reported method is scalable and could be performed with catalyst loadings as low as 0.2 mol %, with no impact to the reaction yield or selectivity.

Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Cyclopropanation of Unactivated Olefins Initiated by C-H Activation

We have developed a rhodium(III)-catalyzed cyclopropanation of unactivated olefins initiated by an alkenyl C-H activation. A variety of 1,1-disubstituted olefins undergo efficient cyclopropanation with a slight excess of alkene stoichiometry. A series of mechanistic interrogations implicate a metal carbene as an intermediate.

Expedient Access to 2,3-Dihydropyridines from Unsaturated Oximes by Rh(III)-Catalyzed C-H Activation

α,β-Unsaturated oxime pivalates are proposed to undergo reversible C(sp2)-H insertion with cationic Rh(III) complexes to furnish five-membered metallacycles. In the presence of 1,1-disubstituted olefins, these species participate in irreversible migratory insertion to give, after reductive elimination, 2,3-dihydropyridine products in good yields. Catalytic hydrogenation can then be used to convert these molecules into piperidines, which are important structural components of numerous pharmaceuticals.

An efficient route to 4-(substituted benzyl)piperidines

A novel approach to 4-(substituted benzyl)piperidines has been developed. The key steps involve the cyclization of imines bearing an allylsilane in the side-chain followed by the palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling of the resulting 4-methylenepiperidine with organoboronic acids under an atmosphere of oxygen.