218600-50-1Relevant articles and documents
Design and Synthesis of Irreversible Analogues of Bardoxolone Methyl for the Identification of Pharmacologically Relevant Targets and Interaction Sites
Wong, Michael H. L.,Bryan, Holly K.,Copple, Ian M.,Jenkins, Rosalind E.,Chiu, Pak Him,Bibby, Jaclyn,Berry, Neil G.,Kitteringham, Neil R.,Goldring, Christopher E.,O'Neill, Paul M.,Park, B. Kevin
, p. 2396 - 2409 (2016/04/10)
Semisynthetic triterpenoids such as bardoxolone methyl (methyl-2-cyano 3,12-dioxooleano-1,9-dien-28-oate; CDDO-Me) (4) are potent inducers of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways, including those regulated by the transcription factor Nrf2. However, the reversible nature of the interaction between triterpenoids and thiols has hindered attempts to identify pharmacologically relevant targets and characterize the sites of interaction. Here, we report a shortened synthesis and SAR profiling of 4, enabling the design of analogues that react irreversibly with model thiols, as well as the model protein glutathione S-transferase P1, in vitro. We show that one of these analogues, CDDO-epoxide (13), is comparable to 4 in terms of cytotoxicity and potency toward Nrf2 in rat hepatoma cells and stably modifies specific cysteine residues (namely, Cys-257, -273, -288, -434, -489, and -613) within Keap1, the major repressor of Nrf2, both in vitro and in living cells. Supported by molecular modeling, these data demonstrate the value of 13 for identifying site(s) of interaction with pharmacologically relevant targets and informing the continuing development of triterpenoids as novel drug candidates.
Efficient and scalable synthesis of bardoxolone methyl (CDDO-methyl ester)
Fu, Liangfeng,Gribble, Gordon W.
supporting information, p. 1622 - 1625 (2013/07/05)
Bardoxolone methyl (2-cyano-3,12-dioxooleane-1,9(11)-dien-28-oic acid methyl ester; CDDO-Me) (1), a synthetic oleanane triterpenoid with highly potent anti-inflammatory activity (levels below 1 nM), has completed a successful phase I clinical trial for the treatment of cancer and a successful phase II trial for the treatment of chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes patients. Our synthesis of bardoxolone methyl (1) proceeds in ~50% overall yield in five steps from oleanolic acid (2), requires only one to two chromatographic purifications, and can provide gram quantities of 1.
Design and synthesis of 2-cyano-3,12-dioxoolean-1,9-dien-28-oic acid, a novel and highly active inhibitor of nitric oxide production in mouse macrophages
Honda, Tadashi,Rounds, BarbieAnn V.,Gribble, Gordon W.,Suh, Nanjoo,Wang, Yongping,Sporn, Michael B.
, p. 2711 - 2714 (2007/10/03)
New derivatives with electron-withdrawing substituents at the C-2 position of 3-oxoolean-1-en-28-oic acid were synthesized. Among them, 2- cyano-3,12-dioxoleam-1,9-dien-28-oic acid (CDDO) was 400 times more potent than previous compounds we have made as an inhibitor of production of nitric oxide induced by interferon γ in mouse macrophages (IC50, 0.4 nM). The potency of CDDO was similar to that of dexamethasone, although CDDO does not act through the glucocorticoid receptor.