22165-11-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
NEW DEVELOPMENTS IN PALLADIUM CATALYSED CROSS COUPLING: THE COUPLING OF ALKYL IODIDES WITH ALKYL GRIGNARD REAGENTS
Castle, Paul L.,Widdowson, David A.
, p. 6013 - 6016 (1986)
The species generated by the in situ reduction of 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocenepalladium dichloride is an effective catalyst for the cross coupling of alkyl iodides with alkyl Grignard regents.
Direct catalytic cross-coupling of organolithium compounds
Giannerini, Massimo,Fananas-Mastral, Martin,Feringa, Ben L.
, p. 667 - 672 (2013/08/23)
Catalytic carbon-carbon bond formation based on cross-coupling reactions plays a central role in the production of natural products, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and organic materials. Coupling reactions of a variety of organometallic reagents and organic halides have changed the face of modern synthetic chemistry. However, the high reactivity and poor selectivity of common organolithium reagents have largely prohibited their use as a viable partner in direct catalytic cross-coupling. Here we report that in the presence of a Pd-phosphine catalyst, a wide range of alkyl-, aryl- and heteroaryl-lithium reagents undergo selective cross-coupling with aryl- and alkenyl-bromides. The process proceeds quickly under mild conditions (room temperature) and avoids the notorious lithium halogen exchange and homocoupling. The preparation of key alkyl-, aryl- and heterobiaryl intermediates reported here highlights the potential of these cross-coupling reactions for medicinal chemistry and material science.
