23450-18-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
A novel spiro-functionalized polyfluorene derivative with solubilizing side chains
Vak, Doojin,Chun, Chaemin,Lee, Chang Lyoul,Kim, Jang-Joo,Kim, Dong-Yu
, p. 1342 - 1346 (2004)
We report on a new polyfluorene derivative containing a spiroanthracenefluorene unit with a remote C-10 position that provides facile substitution of alkyl groups. An ethylhexyl group was introduced into the spiroanthracenefluorene unit and the ethylhexyl
Eosin Y as a Redox Catalyst and Photosensitizer for Sequential Benzylic C?H Amination and Oxidation
Yan, Dong-Mei,Zhao, Quan-Qing,Rao, Li,Chen, Jia-Rong,Xiao, Wen-Jing
, p. 16895 - 16901 (2018/10/26)
A new synergistic multicatalytic activation mode of eosin Y has been discovered by exploiting the redox potential of its ground state and excited state. This catalytic strategy proves to be an enabling tool for visible-light-driven sequential benzylic C?H amination and oxidation of o-benzyl-N-methoxyl-benzamides when using Selectfluor as a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reagent and O2 as oxidant. Efficient synthesis of a range of diversely functionalized 3-hydroxyisoindolinones can thus be achieved with good yields and selectivity at mild reaction conditions. Preliminary mechanistic studies and DFT calculations suggest that eosin Y works as a redox catalyst and photosensitizer.
STEREORETENTIVE CROSS-COUPLING OF BORONIC ACIDS
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Paragraph 0101-0103, (2018/11/21)
The present disclosure provides tri-orthoalkylphenyl phosphine catalysts that are tuned electrically and sterically. Method of using the catalyst for cross-coupling of unactivated secondary boronic acids with near-perfect levels of site- and stereoretention are also provided.
Chlorotrimethylsilane and Sodium Iodide: A Remarkable Metal-Free Association for the Desulfurization of Benzylic Dithioketals under Mild Conditions
Zhao, Guangkuan,Yuan, Ling-Zhi,Alami, Mouad,Provot, Olivier
, p. 2522 - 2536 (2018/05/14)
A novel metal-free process allowing the reductive desulfurization of various benzylic dithioketals to afford diarylmethane and benzylester derivatives with good to excellent yields is reported. At room temperature, this mild reduction process requires only the use of TMSCl and NaI in CH2Cl2 and tolerates a large variety of functional groups. (Figure presented.).
Au-catalyzed biaryl coupling to generate 5- to 9-membered rings: Turnover-limiting reductive elimination versus π-complexation
Corrie, Tom J. A.,Ball, Liam T.,Russell, Christopher A.,Lloyd-Jones, Guy C.
, p. 245 - 254 (2017/05/29)
The intramolecular gold-catalyzed arylation of arenes by aryl-trimethylsilanes has been investigated from both mechanistic and preparative aspects. The reaction generates 5- to 9-membered rings, and of the 44 examples studied, 10 include a heteroatom (N, O). Tethering of the arene to the arylsilane provides not only a tool to probe the impact of the conformational flexibility of Ar-Au-Ar intermediates, via systematic modulation of the length of aryl-aryl linkage, but also the ability to arylate neutral and electron-poor arenes-substrates that do not react at all in the intermolecular process. Rendering the arylation intramolecular also results in phenomenologically simpler reaction kinetics, and overall these features have facilitated a detailed study of linear free energy relationships, kinetic isotope effects, and the first quantitative experimental data on the effects of aryl electron demand and conformational freedom on the rate of reductive elimination from diaryl-gold(III) species. The turnover-limiting step for the formation of a series of fluorene derivatives is sensitive to the reactivity of the arene and changes from reductive elimination to π-complexation for arenes bearing strongly electron-withdrawing substituents (σ > 0.43). Reductive elimination is accelerated by electron-donating substituents (ρ = -2.0) on one or both rings, with the individual σ-values being additive in nature. Longer and more flexible tethers between the two aryl rings result in faster reductive elimination from Ar-Au(X)-Ar and lead to the π-complexation of the arene by Ar-AuX2 becoming the turnover-limiting step.
Au-Catalyzed Biaryl Coupling to Generate 5- To 9-Membered Rings: Turnover-Limiting Reductive Elimination versus ?-Complexation
Ball, Liam T.,Corrie, Tom J. A.,Lloyd-Jones, Guy C.,Russell, Christopher A.
, p. 245 - 254 (2021/09/04)
The intramolecular gold-catalyzed arylation of arenes by aryl-trimethylsilanes has been investigated from both mechanistic and preparative aspects. The reaction generates 5- to 9-membered rings, and of the 44 examples studied, 10 include a heteroatom (N, O). Tethering of the arene to the arylsilane provides not only a tool to probe the impact of the conformational flexibility of Ar-Au-Ar intermediates, via systematic modulation of the length of aryl-aryl linkage, but also the ability to arylate neutral and electron-poor arenes - substrates that do not react at all in the intermolecular process. Rendering the arylation intramolecular also results in phenomenologically simpler reaction kinetics, and overall these features have facilitated a detailed study of linear free energy relationships, kinetic isotope effects, and the first quantitative experimental data on the effects of aryl electron demand and conformational freedom on the rate of reductive elimination from diaryl-gold(III) species. The turnover-limiting step for the formation of a series of fluorene derivatives is sensitive to the reactivity of the arene and changes from reductive elimination to ?-complexation for arenes bearing strongly electron-withdrawing substituents (σ > 0.43). Reductive elimination is accelerated by electron-donating substituents (ρ = -2.0) on one or both rings, with the individual σ-values being additive in nature. Longer and more flexible tethers between the two aryl rings result in faster reductive elimination from Ar-Au(X)-Ar and lead to the ?-complexation of the arene by Ar-AuX2 becoming the turnover-limiting step.
Coupling N-H Deprotonation, C-H Activation, and Oxidation: Metal-Free C(sp3)-H Aminations with Unprotected Anilines
Evoniuk, Christopher J.,Gomes, Gabriel Dos Passos,Hill, Sean P.,Fujita, Satoshi,Hanson, Kenneth,Alabugin, Igor V.
supporting information, p. 16210 - 16221 (2017/11/22)
An intramolecular oxidative C(sp3)-H amination from unprotected anilines and C(sp3)-H bonds readily occurs under mild conditions using t-BuOK, molecular oxygen and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Success of this process, which requires mildly acidic N-H bonds and an activated C(sp3)-H bond (BDE 85 kcal/mol), stems from synergy between basic, radical, and oxidizing species working together to promote a coordinated sequence of deprotonation: H atom transfer and oxidation that forges a new C-N bond. This process is applicable for the synthesis of a wide variety of N-heterocycles, ranging from small molecules to extended aromatics without the need for transition metals or strong oxidants. Computational results reveal the mechanistic details and energy landscape for the sequence of individual steps that comprise this reaction cascade. The importance of base in this process stems from the much greater acidity of transition state and product for the 2c,3e C-N bond formation relative to the reactant. In this scenario, selective deprotonation provides the driving force for the process.
Synthetic method of diarylmethanes
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Paragraph 0098; 0099; 0100; 0101; 0102, (2017/08/28)
The invention discloses a synthetic method of diarylmethanes. The method is characterized in that benzyl pseudohalide and aromatic boric acid are reacted in an organic solvent under alkaline condition. The method employs easily available raw materials, conversion is realized under effect of no transition metal catalysis, water-free and oxygen-free are not required, Lewis acid catalysis is not required, the method has wide substrate universality, and various substituted diarylmethanes can be synthesized by the method.
Efficient palladium-catalyzed C(sp2)-H activation towards the synthesis of fluorenes
Song, Juan,Li, Yali,Sun, Wei,Yi, Chenglong,Wu, Hao,Wang, Haotian,Ding, Keran,Xiao, Kang,Liu, Chao
, p. 9030 - 9033 (2016/11/11)
A facile protocol for the synthesis of fluorene derivatives has been developed through palladium-catalyzed cyclization of 2′-halo-diarylmethanes via activation of arylic C-H bonds. The reactions occurred smoothly and allowed both electron-rich and electron-deficient substrates to convert into their corresponding fluorenes in good to excellent yields. Studies revealed that this Pd-catalyzed cyclization was also available for the substrates of 2′-chloro-diarylmethanes and no catalyst poisoning occurred for 2′-iodo-diphenylmethane.
Double C-H amination by consecutive SET oxidations
Evoniuk, Christopher J.,Hill, Sean P.,Hanson, Kenneth,Alabugin, Igor V.
supporting information, p. 7138 - 7141 (2016/06/09)
A new method for intramolecular C-H oxidative amination is based on a FeCl3-mediated oxidative reaction of anilines with activated sp3 C-H bonds. The amino group plays multiple roles in the reaction cascade: (1) as the activating group in single-electron-transfer (SET) oxidation process, (2) as a directing group in benzylic/allylic C-H activation at a remote position, and (3) internal nucleophile trapping reactive intermediates formed from the C-H activation steps. These multielectron oxidation reactions proceed with catalytic amounts of Fe(iii) and inexpensive reagents.
