25991-45-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Amination of aliphatic alcohols catalyzed by CuO-NiO/γ-Al 2O3
Huang, Jia-Min,Qian, Chao,Feng, Lie,Chen, Yun-Bin,Chen, Xin-Zhi
, p. 1187 - 1190 (2013/08/23)
The amination of aliphatic alcohols in the gas-solid phase was investigated in a fixed-bed reactor in the presence of CuO-NiO/γ-Al2O 3 as the catalyst. This catalytic system was successfully applied for both the N-methylation of aliphatic amines and N-alkylation of piperidine with primary or secondary alcohols. N-Alkylation of piperidine with low-carbon alcohols resulted in high conversions and selectivities, and the conversion of piperidine and the selectivities toward the desired products declined gradually with the increase of the carbon number of aliphatic alcohols. The influence of varied conditions on the N-cyclohexylation of piperidine was also evaluated, including liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV), temperature and the catalyst; especially the catalyst had the greatest impact. Finally, the test of the catalyst's stability was performed.
N-Alkylation d'amines en catalyse homogene. Synthese de mono- et de diamines cycliques
Bitsi, G.,Schleiffer, E.,Antoni, F.,Jenner, G.
, p. 343 - 352 (2007/10/02)
Ruthenium compounds are appropriate catalysts in the N-alkylation of amines.The synthesis of N-alkylated cyclic amines from a cyclic amine and an alcohol or via the condensation between a diol and a primary amine are described.The reaction with cyclic amines is highly selective, especially in the presence of a phosphine, making it a high yielding preparative procedure.The catalytic condensation between cyclic amines and diols yields either an aminoalcohol (A) or a bicyclic diamine (B).The temperature, the presence of phosphine, and the ratio of amine to diol are decisive in directing the reaction toward A or B.The proposed mechanism involves the dehydrogenation of the alcohol followed by attack of the amine on the aldehyde intermediate.
A Synthesis of α-Substituted Amines
Hwang, Yuing C.,Chu, Min,Fowler, Frank W.
, p. 3885 - 3890 (2007/10/02)
The reaction of amides with organolithium reagents followed by hydride reducing agents has been studied as a synthetic route to α-substituted amines.The stereochemistry of the amine has been observed to depend upon the nature of the reducing agent.
Kinetics and Mechanisms of Nucleophilic Displacements with Heterocycles as Leaving Groups. Part 5. Solvent Effects
Musumarra, Giuseppe,Ballistreri, Francesco P.,Muratore, Salvatore,Katritzky, Alan R.,Wold, Svante
, p. 1049 - 1054 (2007/10/02)
First- and second-order rates for the reactions of 1-methyl-, 1-isopropyl-, 1-s-butyl-, 1-benzyl-, and 1-p-methoxybenzyl-2,4,6-triphenylpyridiniums with piperidine in chlorobenzene in protic and dipolar aprotic solvents are reported.For the 1-isopropyl, 1-s-butyl and 1-p-methoxybenzyl derivatives the bimolecular reaction is accompanied by a unimolecular process in all solvents.Second-order rate constants for the 1-methyl and for the 1-benzyl compounds are correlated with the ET solvent parameter.Principal component analysis of second-order rates provided a three-component model.The first component differentiates aprotic solvents from protic ones, while the second component is linearly related to the basicity parameter B for aprotic solvents.
UNIMOLECULAR AND BIMOLECULAR TRANSFER OF N-SUBSTITUENTS FROM PYRIDINIUM CATIONS: EVIDENCE FOR A CLEAR MECHANISTIC CHANGEOVER
Katritzky, Alan R.,Musumarra, Giuseppe,Sakizadeh, Kumars,El-Shafie, Sayed M. M.,Jovanovic, Bratislav
, p. 2697 - 2699 (2007/10/02)
N-Substituents in 2,4,6-triphenylpyridiniums are transferred to piperidine, morpholine and pyridine by unimolecular and/or bimolecular processes in chlorobenzene solution.These processes are quite distinct and afford no evidence for a mechanism intermediate between SN1 and SN2.
