26675-46-7 Usage
Chemical Properties
colourless liquid
Originator
Forane,Ohio Medical,US,1980
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 26675-46-7 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Isoflurane is a volatile anesthetic agent mainly used to study its interaction with the biological system.
2. Isoflurane is a halogenated ether used for inhalational anesthesia. Recent studies suggest that there might be a relationship between administration of isoflurane and postoperative cognitive dysfunct
ion (POCD).
3. Solvent and dispersant for fluorinated materials.
Manufacturing Process
A 1-liter 3-necked stainless steel flask was fitted with a copper "Dry Ice" cold
finger condenser, a stainless steel stirring shaft and gland and a copper gas
inlet tube. To the flask there was then added 50 g (0.23 mol) of
CF3CHClOCHCl2 and 1.5 g of SbCl5 · HF gas was then slowly bubbled through
the stirred mixture which was maintained at 0°C. The reaction was run until
0.35 mol of HCl was collected, as indicated by the titration of the effluent gas
which was dissolved in water. Following the fluorination 26 g of material were
recovered and determined to be 90% pure by vapor phase chromatography.
Fractional distillation using a 30 x 0.5 cm column packed with glass helices
gave the pure product, BP 48°C to 48.5°C.
Brand name
Forane (Baxter Healthcare).
Therapeutic Function
Inhalation anesthetic
Biological Functions
Isoflurane (Forane) is a structural isomer of enflurane
and produces similar pharmacological properties: some
analgesia, some neuromuscular blockade, and depressed
respiration. In contrast, however, isoflurane is considered
a particularly safe anesthetic in patients with ischemic
heart disease, since cardiac output is maintained,
the coronary arteries are dilated, and the myocardium
does not appear to be sensitized to the effects of catecholamines.
Also, blood pressure falls as a result of vasodilation,
which preserves tissue blood flow. Isoflurane
causes transient and mild tachycardia by direct sympathetic
stimulation; this is particularly important in the
management of patients with myocardial ischemia.
Unlike enflurane, isoflurane does not produce a
seizurelike EEG pattern. Furthermore, the metabolic
transformation of isoflurane is only one-tenth that of
enflurane, so fluoride production is quite low. Among
the halogenated hydrocarbons, isoflurane is one of the
most popular, since it preserves cardiovascular stability
and causes a low incidence of untoward effects.
General Description
Isoflurane is a volatile liquid (bp＝48.5°C) with an MAC of1.15, a blood:gas partition coefficient of 1.43 and high solubilityin fat. Isoflurane is a structural isomer of enflurane. Itis a known respiratory irritant, but less so than desflurane.Approximately 0.2% of the administered drug undergoesmetabolism, the rest is exhaled unchanged. The metabolismof isoflurane yields low levels of the nephrotoxic fluoride ionas well as a potentially hepatotoxic trifluoroacetylating compound). The relatively low concentrations ofthese compounds have resulted in very low risks of hepatotoxicityand nephrotoxicity. There have been no reports ofseizures caused by isoflurane and only transient increases inheart rate have been reported.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Isoflurane is a tandem pore potassium channel activator. It is also a very widely used anesthetic for animal research and for in vitro studies on anesthesia mechanisms.
Clinical Use
Isoflurane was introduced in the United States in 1981 and is a potent anesthetic agent
with many similarities to its isomer enflurane (potent, nonflammable, and intermediate blood
solubility). It does produce significantly fewer cardiovascular effects than enflurane, however, and
it can be used safely with epinephrine without as great a concern for arrhythmia production.
Isoflurane has a more pungent odor than halothane and, thus, can cause irritation to the throat and
respiratory tract, triggering coughing and laryngospasm. To overcome this problem, it often is
supplemented with intravenous agents. Less than 0.2% of an administered dose is metabolized,
mostly to fluoride and trifluoroacetic acid. Some minimal potential
for hepatotoxicity is associated with a trifluoroacetyl halide metabolite.
Veterinary Drugs and Treatments
Isoflurane is an inhalant anesthetic that has some distinct advantages
over either halothane or methoxyflurane due to its lessened
myocardial depressant and catecholamine sensitizing effects, and
the ability to use it safely in patients with either hepatic or renal
disease. Isoflurane’s higher cost than either methoxyflurane or halothane
is a disadvantage.
Horses may recover more rapidly than with halothane, but be
more susceptible to anesthetic associated-
myopathy.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 26675-46-7 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 2,6,6,7 and 5 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 4 and 6 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 26675-46:
(7*2)+(6*6)+(5*6)+(4*7)+(3*5)+(2*4)+(1*6)=137
137 % 10 = 7
So 26675-46-7 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C14HF29O4/c15-1(2(16,17)18)44-12(38,39)4(21,8(27,28)29)46-14(42,43)6(23,10(33,34)35)47-13(40,41)5(22,9(30,31)32)45-11(36,37)3(19,20)7(24,25)26/h1H
26675-46-7Relevant articles and documents
METHOD FOR PRODUCING HALOGENATED ETHER
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Paragraph 0109-0111, (2020/03/05)
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing 1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether (isoflurane) or 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl difluoromethyl ether (desflurane) useful as an inhaled anesthetic, on an industrial scale with high efficie
Improvements in or relating to contrast agents
-
, (2008/06/13)
Combined preparations comprising an injectable gas dispersion and a coadministrable diffusible component which is capable of inward diffusion into the dispersed gas so as to promote temporary growth of the gas in vivo, the preparations being for use as contrast agents in ultrasound cardiac studies of patients who have undergone physical exercise-induced stress in order to promote vasodilatation.
Process for the manufacture of halo esters of carboxylic or dicarboxylic acids
-
, (2008/06/13)
A compound (Ia) or (Ib) is prepared by reacting, in a polar aprotic solvent, a compound (III) with a salt of a carboxylic or dicarboxylic acid (IIa) or (IIb). The reaction may be carried out under pressure, but also at normal atmospheric pressure or in the region of normal atmospheric pressure (especially between 0.10 bar and 2 bars). The product (Ia) or (Ib) formed is, in this latter case, recovered continuously as it is formed. STR1 R1, R2 =optionally substituted saturated or unsaturated acyclic or cyclic hydrocarbon radicals; R3 =C1 -C10 perhaloalkyl; 0n≤4; X=halogen. The applications of the fluoroalkyl (meth)acrylates obtained are especially: anti-dust or anti-soiling paints for various supports such as exterior coatings and metal furniture; optical fibers; contact lenses; lithography; electrophotography; heat-resistant materials; dental resins.
