306-83-2

Basic information

• Product Name: 1,1-Dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane
• Synonyms: 1,1,1-Trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane;2,2-Dichlor-1,1,1-trifluorethan;2,2-Dichlor-1,1,-trifluorethan;2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoro-ethan;2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane(hcfc-123);CF3CHCl2;CFC123;cfc-123
• CAS NO: 306-83-2
• Molecular Formula: C₂HCl₂F₃
• Molecular Weight: 152.93
• EINECS: 206-190-3
• Product Categories: HCFC;refrigerants;Organics;CFCsVolatiles/ Semivolatiles;FM - FZChromatography;Air Monitoring Standards;Allergens;Alpha Sort;Cosmetics;E-LAlphabetic;F;General Use
• Mol File: 306-83-2.mol
• Article Data: 40

Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: -107°C
• Boiling Point: 27.6°C
• Flash Point: 9℃
• Appearance: Colorless nonflammable gas
• Density: 1,475 g/cm3
• Vapor Pressure: 633mmHg at 25°C
• Refractive Index: 1.3290
• Storage Temp.: 2-8°C
• Water Solubility: 2.1g/L at 25℃
• CAS DataBase Reference: 1,1-Dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: 1,1-Dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane(306-83-2)
• EPA Substance Registry System: 1,1-Dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane(306-83-2)

Safety Data

• Hazard Codes: T,Xi,N
• Statements: 23/24/25-39-39/23/24/25-59
• Safety Statements: 36/37-45-59
• RIDADR: 3163
• WGK Germany: 1
• TSCA: T
• HazardClass: IRRITANT, GAS, OZONE DEPLETER
• Hazardous Substances Data: 306-83-2(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

Chemical Properties

1,1-Dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane has a light ethereal odor with poor warning properties.

Uses

HCFC 123 is an interim replacement for the CFCs and is scheduled for a production phase-out during the 2020s. Its main application is as a substitute for CFC 11 in centrifugal chillers used for air conditioning of large buildings. It is also used in smaller air-conditioning units, and may have applications in foam blowing, and firefighting and as a chemical intermediate.

General Description

Colorless nonflammable gas. Nearly odorless.

Reactivity Profile

1,1-Dichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane is chemically inert in many situations, but can react violently with strong reducing agents such as the very active metals and the active metals. They suffer oxidation with strong oxidizing agents and under extremes of temperature.

Health Hazard

HCFC-123 (2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane) has evidenced significant human liver toxicity. A group of 17 workers suffered liver damage in a 1997 outbreak. They were involved in containerizing this liquid. HCFC-123 is chemically similar to halothane and has the same toxic metabolite. HCFC- 123 exposure also was implicated as the cause of liver disease in nine industrial workers who had repeated exposure because of a leaking airconditioning system in 1996; the refrigerant also contained HCFC-124. HCFC-124 and HCFC-125 are also structurally similar to halothane.

Flammability and Explosibility

Nonflammable

Safety Profile

Suspected carcinogen. Moderately toxic by inhalation. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Fand Cl-. See also CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS, ALIPHATIC; and FLUORIDES.

Carcinogenicity

An inhalation toxicity/oncogenicity study was conducted with groups of 80 male and 80 female rats. This study was described earlier in this section. In addition to the effects on serum chemistry parameters and the retina, increases in benign tumors of the pancreas, testes, and liver were reported. As noted above, the survival in the HCFC 123–exposed animals was better than in the airexposed controls. These tumors tended to appear near the end of the study and generally were not considered to be the cause of death.

InChI:InChI=1/C2HCl2F3/c3-1(4)2(5,6)7/h1H

Synthetic route

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethylene (127-18-4) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen fluoride; antimony pentafluoride at 120℃; under 11251.1 Torr; for 7h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Autoclave;	94.2%

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethylene (127-18-4) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 1,1,2-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane (354-21-2) + freon-121 (354-14-3) + 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-2-chloroethane (2837-89-0)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen fluoride; antimony(III) fluoride; antimony pentafluoride at 125 - 139℃; under 16351.6 - 18376.8 Torr; for 3.7h;	A 92.4% B 0.9% C 0.01% D 0.4%
With hydrogen fluoride; antimony(III) fluoride; antimony pentafluoride at 122 - 140℃; under 17926.8 - 20252 Torr; for 3.6h;	A 89.8% B 0.3% C 0.08% D 3.1%
With hydrogen fluoride; antimony(III) fluoride; antimony pentafluoride at 124 - 140℃; under 18001.8 - 19201.9 Torr; for 3.1h;	A 87.2% B 1.1% C 0.01% D 0.5%

1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (354-58-5) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
With ammonium persulfate; ammonium formate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 30 - 40℃;	82%
With sodium hypophosphite; sodium acetate; platinum on activated charcoal In acetic acid at 40℃; for 4h;	92 % Spectr.
With tetrahydrofuran; iron In hexane at 90℃; under 6080 Torr; Substitution;

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethylene (127-18-4) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 1,1,2-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane (354-21-2) + 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-2-chloroethane (2837-89-0)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen fluoride; antimony(III) fluoride; antimony pentafluoride at 129 - 143℃; under 17626.8 - 19502 Torr; for 4.1h;	A 80.5% B 0.3% C 5.1%
With hydrogen fluoride; antimony pentafluoride at 135 - 143℃; under 18751.9 Torr; for 2.7h;	A 26% B 0.6% C 25.8%

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethylene (127-18-4) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 1,1,2-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane (354-21-2)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen fluoride; chlorine; antimony pentafluoride at 126 - 148℃; under 17251.7 - 20252 Torr; for 7.1h;	A 51.5% B 44%
With hydrogen fluoride; antimony pentafluoride at 145 - 148℃; under 19126.9 Torr; for 4.6h;	A 27.7% B 39.8%
With hydrogen fluoride; antimony pentafluoride at 106 - 147℃; under 16126.6 - 18001.8 Torr; for 5.3h;	A 21.1% B 30.5%

2-chloro-heptafluoro-2-butene (434-41-3) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 2,3-epoxy-2-chloroheptafluorobutane (118361-33-4, 118361-34-5)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hypochlorite In acetonitrile for 4.5h; Product distribution; other reagent, solvent;	A n/a B 31%
With sodium hypochlorite In acetonitrile for 4.5h; Yields of byproduct given;	A n/a B 31%

dichloro-acetic acid (79-43-6) + para-xylene (106-42-3) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 2-(2,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoro-ethyl)-1,4-dimethyl-benzene

Conditions	Yield
With sulfur tetrafluoride at 80 - 90℃; for 3h;	A n/a B 27%
With sulfur tetrafluoride at 80 - 90℃; for 3h;

2-chloro-6-hydrodecafluoro-2-hexene → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 4-hydrohexafluorobutanoic acid sodium salt + 2,3-epoxy-2-chloro-6-hydrodecafluorohexane + 2,3-epoxy-2-chloro-6-hydrodecafluorohexane

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hypochlorite In acetonitrile for 14h; Ambient temperature; Yields of byproduct given;	A 13% B n/a C n/a D n/a
With sodium hypochlorite In acetonitrile for 14h; Ambient temperature; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given. Title compound not separated from byproducts;	A 13% B n/a C n/a D n/a

dichloro-acetic acid (79-43-6) + 1,3,5-trimethyl-benzene (108-67-8) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 2,2-dichloro-1-mesityl-ethanone (55007-76-6) + 2-(2,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoro-ethyl)-1,3,5-trimethyl-benzene

Conditions	Yield
With sulfur tetrafluoride at 50 - 60℃; for 3h;	A n/a B 12% C 6.5%
With sulfur tetrafluoride at 50 - 60℃; for 3h;	A n/a B 12% C 6.5%
With sulfur tetrafluoride at 50 - 60℃; for 3h;

2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (420-46-2) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
With chlorine at 497℃;

1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane (75-88-7) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
With chlorine
With chlorine at 260℃; Temperature;

1,1,2-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane (354-21-2) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen fluoride; antimonypentachloride; chlorine at 160℃;
With hydrogen fluoride; FH2(1+)*F6Sb(1-) at 100℃; under 11251.1 Torr; Flow reactor;

F121a (354-11-0) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen fluoride; antimonypentachloride; chlorine at 125℃;

1,1'-dichloro-2,2'-difluoroethene (79-35-6) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen fluoride; boron trifluoride at 150℃;

dichloro-acetic acid (79-43-6) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + bis-(2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoro-ethyl) ether (38595-65-2)

Conditions	Yield
With sulfur tetrafluoride at 60℃; for 3h;

1,2-dichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (354-23-4) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
With aluminium trichloride at 100℃; for 0.583333h;
an activated AlF3 at 200 - 220℃; Product distribution / selectivity; Gas phase; fixed bed reactor;

Trichloroethylene (79-01-6) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogenchloride; aluminium trichloride at 180℃; for 23h;

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethylene (127-18-4) → 1,2-dichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane (354-23-4) + 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 1,1,2-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane (354-21-2) + 1,1'-dichloro-2,2'-difluoroethene (79-35-6) + trichlorofluoroethene (359-29-5) + 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoro-2-chloroethane (2837-89-0)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen fluoride; chromium(III) oxide at 242℃; for 8h; Mechanism; Rate constant; Product distribution; dehydrochlorination/hydrofluorination; effect of DF substitution for HF;	A 5.25 % Chromat. B 58.74 % Chromat. C 19.15 % Chromat. D 0.22 % Chromat. E 7.15 % Chromat. F 1.14 % Chromat.

1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (354-58-5) → 2‑chloro‑1,1,1,4,4,4‑hexafluoro‑2‑butene (400-44-2) + 2,3-dichloro-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (303-04-8) + 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (407-60-3) + hexafluoro-2-butyne (692-50-2)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; silica gel; nickel at 449.9℃; under 1 Torr; Product distribution;	A 2.8 % Spectr. B 85.2 % Spectr. C 3.7 % Spectr. D 1 % Spectr. E n/a

2,3-dichloro-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene (303-04-8) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + sodium 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate (2923-18-4) + cis-2,3-dichloro-2,3-epoxyhexafluorobutane (143425-53-0) + trans-2,3-dichloro-2,3-epoxyhexafluorobutane (143425-53-0, 143425-54-1)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium hypochlorite In acetonitrile at -10 - 10℃; for 1h; Yield given. Yields of byproduct given. Title compound not separated from byproducts;

1,1,1-trifluoro-2-bromo-2-chloroethane (151-67-7) + Halothane-d (754-19-8) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 1,2-dibromo-1,1,2-trifluoroethane (354-04-1) + deuterio-trifluoro-ethene (563-94-0) + 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane-d1 (646-59-3) + 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (359-11-5) + C2(2)HBr2F3

Conditions	Yield
In gas Mechanism; Product distribution; Irradiation; pressure dependence of the deuterium fraction, isotopic selectivity; further products: B1, B1';

C2Cl3F3Zn (13710-18-4) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
Yield given;

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethylene (127-18-4) → 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane (354-33-6) + chlorotrifluoromethane (75-72-9) + 1,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane (1649-08-7) + 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
With fluorinated Fe3O4 for 2h; Ambient temperature; Further byproducts given. Yields of byproduct given. Title compound not separated from byproducts;

1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethylene (127-18-4) → 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane (354-33-6) + chlorotrifluoromethane (75-72-9) + 1,1,2-trichloro-1-fluoroethane (811-95-0) + 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
With fluorinated Fe3O4 for 2h; Ambient temperature; Further byproducts given. Yields of byproduct given. Title compound not separated from byproducts;

1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane (354-58-5) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane (75-88-7) + 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
With hydrogen; RhCl(PPh3)3 In tetrahydrofuran at 100℃; under 6080 Torr; for 5h; Product distribution; further catalysts and times; effect of bases;	A 3.5 % Chromat. B 94.6 % Chromat.
With hydrogen; RhCl(PPh3)3 In tetrahydrofuran at 100℃; under 6080 Torr; for 5h;	A 3.5 % Chromat. B 94.6 % Chromat.

1,1,1-trifluoro-2-bromo-2-chloroethane (151-67-7) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 1,2-dibromo-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (124-73-2) + Chlorotrifluoroethylene (79-38-9) + 1,1,2-trifluoroethylene (359-11-5)

Conditions	Yield
under 7.6 Torr; Product distribution; Irradiation; var. pressure;

hydrogen fluoride (7664-39-3) + antimonypentachloride (7647-18-9) + chlorine (7782-50-5) + 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (79-34-5) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane (75-88-7) + 1,1-dichloro-2,2-difluoroethane (471-43-2) + 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 1,1,2-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane (354-21-2)

Conditions	Yield
at 125℃;

1,1'-dichloro-2,2'-difluoroethene (79-35-6) + hydrogen fluoride (7664-39-3) + boron trifluoride (7637-07-2) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

Conditions	Yield
at 150℃;

1,1,2-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane (354-21-2) + hydrogen fluoride (7664-39-3) + antimonypentachloride (7647-18-9) + chlorine (7782-50-5) → 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2)

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + thymol (89-83-8) → 2-(1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-1-isopropyl-4-methylbenzene (1415703-76-2)

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine; triethylamine at 60℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	97%

styrene (292638-84-7) + 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) → (1,3-dichloro-4,4,4-trifluorobutyl)benzene

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine at 75℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	97%
With tris[(2-pyridylmethyl)amine]; copper(l) chloride In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 90℃; for 6h; Reagent/catalyst;	93%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 4-methoxy-phenol (150-76-5) → 1-(1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-4-methoxybenzene (1415703-71-7)

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine; triethylamine at 60℃; for 3h; Temperature; Solvent; Reagent/catalyst; Concentration; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	95%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 2-Vinylnaphthalene (827-54-3) → C14H11Cl2F3

Conditions	Yield
With tris[(2-pyridylmethyl)amine]; copper(l) chloride In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 90℃; for 6h;	95%

2,5-Dimethylphenol (95-87-4) + 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) → 2-(1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-1,4-dimethylbenzene (1415703-74-0)

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine; triethylamine at 60℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	93%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + phenol (108-95-2) → ((2,2-dichloroethene-1,1-diyl)bis(oxy))dibenzene (60785-22-0)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: phenol With potassium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 25 - 40℃; Schlenk technique; Stage #2: 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 90℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere;	93%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 2-hydroxybromobenzene (95-56-7) → 1-bromo-2-(1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzene (1415703-83-1)

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine; triethylamine at 60℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	92%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 4-chloro-phenol (106-48-9) → 4,4'-((2,2-dichloroethene-1,1-diyl)bis(oxy))bis(chlorobenzene)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 4-chloro-phenol With potassium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 25 - 40℃; Schlenk technique; Stage #2: 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 90℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere;	92%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + α-naphthol (90-15-3) → 1-(1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)naphthalene (1415703-75-1)

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine; triethylamine at 60℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	91%

p-cresol (106-44-5) + 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) → 1-(2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethoxy)-4-methylbenzene (330-03-0)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: p-cresol With potassium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 25 - 40℃; Schlenk technique; Stage #2: 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 90℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere;	91%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + methyl 4-hydroxylbenzoate (99-76-3) → methyl 4-(1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzoate (1415703-80-8)

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine; triethylamine at 60℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	90%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 4-chloro-phenol (106-48-9) → 1-chloro-4-(1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzene (1415703-82-0)

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine; triethylamine at 60℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	90%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + phenol (108-95-2) → (1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzene (1415703-73-9)

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine; triethylamine at 60℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	89%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + difluoromethyl alcohol (1426-06-8) → isoflurane (26675-46-7)

Conditions	Yield
at 30 - 35℃; for 3h; Temperature; Autoclave; Inert atmosphere;	88.3%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 4-hydroxy-benzaldehyde (123-08-0) → 4-(1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzaldehyde (1415703-79-5)

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine; triethylamine at 60℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	88%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + phenol (108-95-2) → (2,2-Dichloro-1,1-difluoroethoxy)benzene (456-61-1)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: phenol With potassium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 25 - 40℃; Schlenk technique; Stage #2: 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 90℃; for 2h; Inert atmosphere;	88%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 4-acetaminophenol (103-90-2) → N-(4-(2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethoxy)phenyl)acetamide (36309-21-4)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 4-acetaminophenol With potassium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 25 - 40℃; Schlenk technique; Stage #2: 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 90℃; for 3.5h; Inert atmosphere;	88%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + meta-nitrophenol (554-84-7) → 1-(1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-3-nitrobenzene (1415703-77-3)

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine; triethylamine at 60℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	87%

3-HYDROXYPYRIDINE (109-00-2) + 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) → 3-(1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)pyridine (1415703-81-9)

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine; triethylamine at 60℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	87%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 4-acetamidothiophenol (1126-81-4) → N-(4-(1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethylthio)phenyl)acetamide (1415703-86-4) + N-(4-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thio)phenyl) acetamide (1415703-89-7)

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine; triethylamine at 75℃; for 24h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	A 85% B 10%Spectr.

3,3-dimethyl acrylaldehyde (107-86-8) + 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) → 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoro-5-methyl-4-hexen-3-ol (103654-93-9)

Conditions	Yield
With sodium t-butanolate In tetrahydrofuran at -78℃; for 2h;	84%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 4-cyanophenol (767-00-0) → 4-(1-chloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzonitrile (1415703-78-4)

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine; triethylamine at 60℃; for 3h; Inert atmosphere; Sealed tube;	84%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + phenylacetylene (536-74-3) → (4,4,4-trifluorobut-1-yn-1-yl)benzene (145914-09-6)

Conditions	Yield
With copper; diethylamine In 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 70℃; for 8h; Solvent; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Sealed tube; Inert atmosphere;	84%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 4-methoxy-phenol (150-76-5) → 1-(2,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethoxy)-4-methoxybenzene (99299-69-1)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 4-methoxy-phenol With potassium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 25 - 40℃; Schlenk technique; Stage #2: 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 90℃; for 2h; Inert atmosphere;	84%

3-HYDROXYPYRIDINE (109-00-2) + 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) → 3,3'-((2,2-dichloroethene-1,1-diyl)bis(oxy))dipyridine

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: 3-HYDROXYPYRIDINE With potassium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 25 - 40℃; Schlenk technique; Stage #2: 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 90℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere;	83%

p-cresol (106-44-5) + 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) → 4,4'-((2,2-dichloroethene-1,1-diyl)bis(oxy))bis(methylbenzene)

Conditions	Yield
Stage #1: p-cresol With potassium hydroxide In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 25 - 40℃; Schlenk technique; Stage #2: 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 90℃; for 12h; Inert atmosphere;	82%

1,1,1-trifluoro-2,2-dichloroethane (306-83-2) + 3-methoxy-benzaldehyde (591-31-1) → 2,2-dichloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)propanol

Conditions	Yield
With iodobenzene; tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate In N,N-dimethyl-formamide for 5.6h; Ambient temperature; electrolysis; Cd-coated cathode, Al anode;	81%

Upstream product

• 79-43-6 dichloro-acetic acid 
• 303-04-8 2,3-dichloro-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2-butene 
• 151-67-7 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-bromo-2-chloroethane 
• 76-13-1 1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane 
• 75-88-7 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane 
• 127-18-4 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethylene 
• 354-58-5 1,1,1-Trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane 
• 24425-97-6 1,1,1,2,2,3-hexachloropropane 
• 7782-50-5 chlorine 
• 354-11-0 F₁₂₁a 
• 7664-39-3 hydrogen fluoride 
• 7647-18-9 antimonypentachloride 
• 354-12-1 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane 
• 420-46-2 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol 

Downstream Products

• 75-88-7 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane 
• 359-10-4 1-Chloro-2,2-difluoroethene 
• 151-67-7 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-bromo-2-chloroethane 
• 76-05-1 trifluoroacetic acid 
• 354-32-5 trifluoracetyl chloride 
• 28760-99-8 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethyl radical 
• 7647-01-0 hydrogenchloride 
• 384-54-3 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluoro-2,3-dichlorobutane 
• 378-84-7 2,2,3-trichloro-1,1,1,4,4,4-hexafluorobutane 
• 375-34-8 1,1,1,4,4,4-hexa-fluoro-2,2,3,3-tetrachlorobutane 
• 15719-64-9 methylammonium carbonate 
• 354-33-6 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoroethane 
• 76-15-3 Chloropentafluoroethane 
• 374-07-2 1,1-dichlorotetrafluoroethane 

Relevant articles and documents

Selective hydrogenolysis of CFC-113a by Group VIII transition metal complexes

Highly efficient and selective hydrogenolysis of CFC-113a (CF3CCl3) to produce HCFC-123 (CF3CHCl2) has been achieved through the use of Group VIII transition metal complexes.The catalytic activity observed was sensitive to solvents and to the structure of the metal complexes. - Keywords: Selective hydrogenolysis; CFC-113a; Group VIII transition metal complexes; Catalysis; Selectivity

Transfer hydrogenolysis of CFC-113a with aldehydes and metallic Fe or Ni

Highly selective transfer hydrogenolysis of CFC-113a (CF3CCl3) to HCFC-123 (CF3CHCl2) was accomplished in the presence of metal powder (Fe or Ni) in THF at 90°C under 8 atm of He. Pressure effects on the catalytic activities depend on the nature of metal catalysts and this behavior can be explained by a different rate determining step in each system. Activation of the C-H bond of THF on metal powder aided by η2 coordinated aldehydes is believed to occur first to produce electron-rich metal hydrides, which enhance the activation of the C-Cl bond of CFC-113a. Then reductive elimination follows to produce HCFC-123. This series of reactions was supported by experiments using deuterated THF and/or DMF and with p-substituted benzaldehydes.

Manufacturing method of HCFC-123 and/or HCFC-122

The present invention relates to a method for producing HCFC-123 (2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane) and/or HCFC-122 (1,1,2-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane), wherein at least one reaction step is performed in a microreactor. In particular, a preferred embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for producing HCFC-123 (2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane) and/or HCFC-122 (1,1,2-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane), wherein at least one reaction step is performed in a microreactor composed of or made of SiC ("SiC microreactor") or in a microreactor composed of or made of alloy (such as Hastelloy C). In one embodiment, the method for producing HCFC-123 (2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane) and/or HCFC-122 (1,1,2-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane) can be effectively combined, because the HCFC-122(1,1,2-trichloro-2,2-difluoroethane) produced by the method according to the present invention using a microreactor, preferably a SiC microreactor, can be preferably and advantageously used as a raw material and/or intermediate material for the production of the HCFC-123 (2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane), and preferably also used for manufacturing the HCFC-123 (2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane) in a microreactor. During the manufacturing of the HCFC-123 and/or the HCFC-122, the HCFC-123 and/or the HCFC-122 can be easily purified and/or separated by using only a low energy consumption method, and the method for performing purification and/or separation preferably requires no distillation. Advantageously, the the HCFC-123 and/or the HCFC-122 can be easily separated from the excess HF and a catalyst in an energy-saving manner by phase separation.

A liquid-phase fluorination preparing 1,2-dichloro -3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene method

The invention discloses a liquid-phase fluorination preparation method for 1, 2-dichloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene, and in particular relates to the preparation of 1, 2-dichloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene through the liquid-phase fluorination reaction between a compound with the general formula of CF3-xClxCH2-yCLyCH3-zClz and hydrogen fluoride in presence of a fluorination catalyst, wherein in the general formula of the compound, x is 0, 1, 2 or 3; y is 1 or 2; z is 1 or 2; y plus z is 3. The method is mainly used for preparing 1, 2-dichloro-3, 3, 3-trifluoropropene.

PROCESS FOR PRODUCING FLUOROETHANE

Fluorochromium oxide having a fluorine content of not less than 30 wt.% is used for the fluorination reaction. To provide a manufacturing method for fluorine-containing ethane which contains 1, 1, 1, 2, 2-pentafluoroethane as the main component in which the reaction can be performed while controlling the generation of CFCs to the greatest possible extent by fluorinating at least one selected from the group composed of tetrachloroethylene, 2, 2-dichloro-1, 1, 1-trifluoroethane and 2-chloro-1, 1, 1, 2-tetrafluoroethane with hydrogen fluoride.