29898-08-6Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Multicolor, one- and two-photon imaging of enzymatic activities in live cells with fluorescently quenched activity-based probes (qABPs)
Hu, Mingyu,Li, Lin,Wu, Hao,Su, Ying,Yang, Peng-Yu,Uttamchandani, Mahesh,Xu, Qing-Hua,Yao, Shao Q.
supporting information; experimental part, p. 12009 - 12020 (2011/09/21)
Fluorescence imaging provides an indispensable way to locate and monitor biological targets within complex and dynamic intracellular environments. Of the various imaging agents currently available, small molecule-based probes provide a powerful tool for live cell imaging, primarily due to their desirable properties, including cell permeability (as a result of their smaller sizes), chemical tractability (e.g., different molecular structures/designs can be installed), and amenability to imaging a wide variety of biological events. With a few exceptions, most existing small molecule probes are however not suitable for in vivo bioimaging experiments in which high-resolution studies of enzyme activity and localization are necessary. In this article, we reported a new class of fluorescently Quenched Activity-Based Probes (qABPs) which are highly modular, and can sensitively image (through multiple enzyme turnovers leading to fluorescence signal amplification) different types of enzyme activities in live mammalian cells with good spatial and temporal resolution. We have also incorporated two-photon dyes into our modular probe design, enabling for the first time activity-based, fluorogenic two-photon imaging of enzyme activities. This, hence, expands the repertoire of smart, responsive probes currently available for live cell bioimaging experiments.
Chemistry of photogenerated α-hydroxy-p-nitrobenzyl carbanions in aqueous solution: Protonation vs. disproportionation
Morrison, James,Wan, Peter,Corrie, John E.T.,Munasinghe, V. Ranjit N.
, p. 586 - 597 (2007/10/03)
The photochemistry of p-nitrobenzyl derivatives 6-10 has been studied in aqueous solution as a function of pH, using product analysis, UV-vis spectrophotometry, and laser flash photolysis (LFP). The compounds were chosen with the aim of further exploring the propensity of these systems to give rise to α-hydroxy-p-nitrobenzyl carbanions on photolysis, and to study their mechanisms of subsequent reaction, α-Hydroxy-substituted carbanions are anions that cannot be readily formed using thermal routes but which are believed to have some interesting chemistry. Three methods were employed for photogenerating these carbanions: (i) decarboxylation; (ii) retro-Aldol reaction; and (iii) carbon acid deprotonation. All three methods proved to be successful using the p-nitrobenzyl chromophore. Photogenerated α-hydroxy-p-nitrobenzyl carbanions react via disproportionation, giving rise to oxidized and reduced products; simple protonation of the anion was undetectable.
