3030-95-3

Upstream product

• 110-86-1 pyridine 
• 2168-80-1 4-methyldithioic acid 
• 563-41-7 semicarbazide hydrochloride 
• 104-87-0 4-methyl-benzaldehyde 
• 4426-72-6 hydrazine carboxamide 

Downstream Products

• 25811-87-4 1-(4-methyl-benzyl)-semicarbazide 
• 104-87-0 4-methyl-benzaldehyde 
• 3214-02-6 5-p-tolyl-2,4-dihydro-[1,2,4]triazol-3-one 
• 333719-63-4 (Ru((C₆H₅)3P)2(CH₃C₆H₄CHNNCONH₂)(CO)Cl) 
• 333719-63-4 (Ru((C₆H₅)3P)2(CH₃C₆H₄CHNNCONH₂)(CO)Cl) 
• 1261138-32-2 C₂₃H₁₆N₄O₂ 
• 1370641-58-9 2-[2-(4-methylphenyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-5-yl]benzisoselenazol-3(2H)-one 
• 1338084-40-4 C₁₄H₁₁N₅O₃ 
• 1338083-83-2 C₁₆H₁₅N₅O₃ 
• 1338083-61-6 C₁₄H₁₂N₆O₃ 
• 1338084-16-4 C₁₉H₂₀N₆O₄ 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Ultrapotent Inhibitor of Clostridioides difficile Growth, Which Suppresses Recurrence in Vivo

Clostridioides difficile is the leading cause of healthcare-associated infection in the U.S. and considered an urgent threat by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Only two antibiotics, vancomycin and fidaxomicin, are FDA-approved for the treatment of C. difficile infection (CDI), but these therapies still suffer from high treatment failure and recurrence. Therefore, new chemical entities to treat CDI are needed. Trifluoromethylthio-containing N-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzamides displayed very potent activities [sub-μg/mL minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values] against Gram-positive bacteria. Here, we report remarkable antibacterial activity enhancement via halogen substitutions, which afforded new anti-C. difficile agents with ultrapotent activities [MICs as low as 0.003 μg/mL (0.007 μM)] that surpassed the activity of vancomycin against C. difficile clinical isolates. The most promising compound in the series, HSGN-218, is nontoxic to mammalian colon cells and is gut-restrictive. In addition, HSGN-218 protected mice from CDI recurrence. Not only does this work provide a potential clinical lead for the development of C. difficile therapeutics but also highlights dramatic drug potency enhancement via halogen substitution.

Biological evaluation of arylsemicarbazone derivatives as potential anticancer agents

Fourteen arylsemicarbazone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated in order to find agents with potential anticancer activity. Cytotoxic screening was performed against K562, HL-60, MOLT-4, HEp-2, NCI-H292, HT-29 and MCF-7 tumor cell lines. Compounds 3c and 4a were active against the tested cancer cell lines, being more cytotoxic for the HL-60 cell line with IC50 values of 13.08 μμM and 11.38 μμM, respectively. Regarding the protein kinase inhibition assay, 3c inhibited seven different kinases and 4a strongly inhibited the CK1δ/ε kinase. The studied kinases are involved in several cellular functions such as proliferation, migration, cell death and cell cycle progression. Additional analysis by flow cytometry revealed that 3c and 4a caused depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane, suggesting apoptosis mediated by the intrinsic pathway. Compound 3c induced arrest in G1 phase of the cell cycle on HL-60 cells, and in the annexin V assay approximately 50% of cells were in apoptosis at the highest concentration tested (26 μμM). Compound 4a inhibited cell cycle by accumulation of abnormal postmitotic cells at G1 phase and induced DNA fragmentation at the highest concentration (22 μμM).

Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of novel 3-(arylideneamino)-3a,8a-dihydroxy-1,3,3a,8a-tetrahydroindeno[1,2-d]imidazole-2,8-diones and their 2-thioxo analogues

The preparation of some novel 3-(arylideneamino)-3a,8a-dihydroxy-1,3,3a,8a-tetrahydroindeno[1,2-d]imidazole-2,8-diones 8(i–xiv) and 3-(arylideneamino)-3a,8a-dihydroxy-2-thioxo-1,3,3a,8a-tetrahydroindeno[1,2-d]imidazol-8(2H)-ones 9(i–xiv) have been reported through one-pot catalyst-free reaction of aldehydes, semicarbazide hydrochloride/thiosemicarbazide with ninhydrin. All the synthesized compounds have been screened for antimicrobial activity and some of them were observed to possess broad spectrum antibacterial potential as well as significant antagonistic potential against fungal pathogens.

Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles through NBS-mediated oxidative cyclization of semicarbazones

A ultrasound-assisted oxidative cyclization of semicarbazones using N-bromosuccinimide in the presence of sodium acetate was established providing efficient and rapid access to a variety of 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles. Moreover, the new synthetic protocol provides a simple procedure utilizing a safer oxidizing system that affords the target products in high regioselectivity, satisfactory yields, and elevated purities.

Synthesis of 2-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazoles and 2-Amino-1,3,4-thiadiazoles via sequential condensation and I2-mediated oxidative C-O/C-S bond formation

2-Amino-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles and 1,3,4-thiadiazoles were synthesized via condensation of semicarbazide/thiosemicarbazide and the corresponding aldehydes followed by I2-mediated oxidative C-O/C-S bond formation. This transition-metal-free sequential synthesis process is compatible with aromatic, aliphatic, and cinnamic aldehydes, providing facile access to a variety of diazole derivatives bearing a 2-amino substituent in an efficient and scalable fashion.

Synthesis and antitubercular activity of 2-(1H-pyrrol-1-Yl)-5- substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles

A series of 2-(1H-pyrrol-1-yl)-5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their antitubercular activity. These derivatives were synthesized by the reaction of 5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amines (4a-j) with 2,5- dimethoxytetrahydrofuran in dried acetic acid. Structures of the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed on the basis of physico-chemical and spectral data. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their antitubercular activity using microplate almar blue assay (MABA) method. Compounds have shown moderate to good antitubercular activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv microorganism.

Novel limonene and citral based 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles: A natural product coupled approach to semicarbazones for antiepileptic activity

Two novel series of N4-(5-(2/3/4-substituted-phenyl)-1,3,4- oxadiazol-2-yl)-N1-(2-methyl-5-(prop-1-en-2-yl)cyclohex-2-enylidene) semicarbazide and N4-(5-(2/3/4-substituted-phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2- yl)-N1-(3,7-dimethylocta-3,6-dienylidene)-semicarbazide were synthesized to meet structural prerequisite indispensable for anticonvulsant activity. The anticonvulsant activities of the compounds were investigated using maximal electroshock seizure (MES), subcutaneous pentylenetrtrazole (scPTZ) and subcutaneous strychnine (scSTY) models. The rotorod test was conducted to evaluate neurotoxicity. Some of the selected active compounds were subjected to GABA assay to confirm their mode of action. The outcome of the present investigations proved that the four binding sites pharmacophore model is vital for anticonvulsant activity. The efforts were also made to establish structure-activity relationships among test compounds.

Oxadiazolo pyrrolidine carboxamides as enoyl-ACP reductase inhibitors: Design, synthesis and antitubercular activity screening

Pyrrolidine carboxamides have been recognized as potent direct enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase inhibitors. In our study, the search for new pyrrolidine carboxamides incorporated with various heterocyclic moieties, possessing antitubercular activities is been done. A series of oxadiazolyl pyrrolidine carboxamides (2a-e) were synthesized by reacting pyrrolidine carboxylic acid and oxadiazole amines using HBTU as amide forming agent. The purity of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by physical characterization like melting point and thin layer chromatography. The functional group identification was done based on spectral characterization utilizing, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectral data and elemental analysis. Invitro antitubercular screening was performed by alamar blue assay method on mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv.

Synthesis and in vitro antitumor activity of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives based on benzisoselenazolone

A series of novel 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives based on benzisoselenazolone has been prepared and tested for antiproliferative activity in vitro against the cells of human cancer cell lines: SSMC-7721 (human liver cancer cell), MCF-7 (human breast cancer cell) and A549 (human lung cancer cell). All the compounds obtained exhibited antiproliferative activity and showed selective cytotoxicity against different cancer cells. Compounds 7d and 7i showed significant antiproliferative activities against MCF-7 cells, with IC50 values of 1.07 and 1.76/μM respectively. Compound 7d were found to be the most potent compound against SSMC-7721 cells, with IC50 values 4.46/μM.

2,5-Disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles/thiadiazole as surface recognition moiety: Design and synthesis of novel hydroxamic acid based histone deacetylase inhibitors

The enzymatic inhibition of histone deacetylase activity has come out as a novel and effectual means for the treatment of cancer. Two novel series of 2-[5-(4-substitutedphenyl)-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol/thiadiazol-2-ylamino] -pyrimidine-5-carboxylic acid (tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-amides were designed and synthesized as novel hydroxamic acid based histone deacetylase inhibitors. The antiproliferative activities of the compounds were investigated in vitro using histone deacetylase inhibitory assay and MTT assay. The synthesized compounds were also tested for antitumor activity against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells in Swiss albino mice. The efforts were also made to establish structure-activity relationships among synthesized compounds. The results of the present studying indicates 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole/thiadiazole as promising surface recognition moiety for development of newer hydroxamic acid based histone deacetylase inhibitor.