30439-01-1Relevant articles and documents
Mechanistic study of the titanocene(III)-catalyzed radical arylation of epoxides
Gans?uer, Andreas,Von Laufenberg, Daniel,Kube, Christian,Dahmen, Tobias,Michelmann, Antonius,Behlendorf, Maike,Sure, Rebecca,Seddiqzai, Meriam,Grimme, Stefan,Sadasivam, Dhandapani V.,Fianu, Godfred D.,Flowers, Robert A.
supporting information, p. 280 - 289 (2015/08/19)
An atom-economical and catalytic arylation of epoxide-derived radicals is described. The key step of the catalytic system is a sequential electron and proton transfer for the rearomatization of the radical σ-complex and catalyst regeneration. Kinetic, computational, spectroscopic, and cyclo-voltammetric investigations highlight the key issues of the reaction mechanism and catalyst stabilization by collidine hydrochloride. Studies employing radicophiles rule out the participation of cations as reactive intermediates.
An atom efficient route to N-aryl and N-alkyl pyrrolines by transition metal catalysis
Sawadjoon, Supaporn,Samec, Joseph S. M.
, p. 2548 - 2554 (2011/05/04)
The synthesis of N-aryl, N-tosyl, and N-alkyl pyrrolines from allyl alcohols and amines has been developed. The reaction sequence includes a palladium-catalyzed allylation step in which non-manipulated allyl alcohol is used to generate the diallylated amine in good to excellent yield. An excess of allyl alcohol was necessary for efficient diallylation of the amine, where the excess alcohol could be recycled three times. For aryl and tosyl amines, Pd[P(OPh)3]4 was used and for benzyl and alkyl amines a catalytic system comprising Pd(OAc)2, PnBu3, and BEt3 was used. Both the electronic properties and the steric influence of the amine affected the efficiency of the allylation. The isolated diallylated amines were transformed into their corresponding pyrrolines by ring-closing metathesis catalyzed by (H2IMes)(PCy3)Cl 2RuCHPh in good to excellent yield. A one-pot reaction was developed in which aniline was transformed into the corresponding pyrroline without isolating the diallylated intermediate. This one-pot reaction was successfully scaled-up to 1 mL of aniline in which the N-phenyl pyrroline was isolated in 95% yield. The versatility of the reaction in which 3-methyl-1-phenyl pyrroline was prepared in two-steps was demonstrated.
Platinum-catalyzed direct amination of allylic alcohols under mild conditions: Ligand and microwave effects, substrate scope, and mechanistic study
Ohshima, Takashi,Miyamoto, Yoshiki,Ipposhi, Junji,Nakahara, Yasuhito,Utsunomiya, Masaru,Mashima, Kazushi
supporting information; body text, p. 14317 - 14328 (2010/02/16)
Transition metal-catalyzed amination of allylic compounds via a π-allylmetal intermediate is a powerful and useful method for synthesizing allylamines. Direct catalytic substitution of allylic alcohols, which forms water as the sole coproduct, has recently attracted attention for its environmental and economical advantages. Here, we describe the development of a versatile direct catalytic amination of both aryl- and alkyl-substituted allylic alcohols with various amines using Pt-Xantphos and Pt-DPEphos catalyst systems, which allows for the selective synthesis of various monoallylamines, such as the biologically active compounds Naftifine and Flunarizine, in good to high yield without need for an activator. The choice of the ligand was crucial toward achieving high catalytic activity, and we demonstrated that not only the large bite-angle but also the linker oxygen atom of the Xantphos and DPEphos ligands was highly important. In addition, microwave heating dramatically affected the catalyst activity and considerably decreased the reaction time compared with conventional heating. Furthermore, several mechanistic investigations, including 1H and 31P{1H} NMR studies; isolation and characterization of several catalytic intermediates, Pt(xantphos)Cl2, Pt(η2-C3H5OH)(xantphos), etc; confirmation of the structure of [Pt(η3-allyl)(xantphos)]OTf by X-ray crystallographic analysis; and crossover experiments, suggested that formation of the π-allylplatinum complex through the elimination of water is an irreversible rate-determining step and that the other processes in the catalytic cycle are reversible, even at room temperature.
The effective preparation of secondary amines bearing a vinylsilane functionality via the reaction of primary amines with α-chlorine- substituted allylsilanes catalysed by CuCl
Kozuka, Makoto,Mitani, Michiharu
, p. 464 - 467 (2008/09/21)
The reaction of α-chlorine-substituted allylsilanes with primary amines was promoted by CuCl to result in the selective formation of secondary amines bearing the vinylsilane functionality by a probable SN2′ -allylation keeping the silyl group intact.
Direct palladium/carboxylic acid-catalyzed allylation of anilines with allylic alcohols in water
Yang, Shyh-Chyun,Hsu, Yi-Chun,Gan, Kim-Hong
, p. 3949 - 3958 (2007/10/03)
The direct activation of C-O bonds in allylic alcohols in water as a suspension medium by palladium complexes has been accelerated by carrying out the reactions in the presence of a carboxylic acid. The palladium-catalyzed allylation of anilines using allylic alcohols directly gave allylic anilines in good yields.
Indium mediated allylation of nitro group on nitrobenzene derivatives in aqueous media
Kyung Ho Kang,Kyung Il Choi,Hun Yeong Koh,Kim,Bong Young Chung,Yong Seo Cho
, p. 2277 - 2286 (2007/10/03)
Indium mediated allylation of nitro group was first achieved with four allyl bromides in aqueous media. Nitro- benzenes bearing 3- and/or 4-substituent(s) gave mainly N,N-diallylated (I or I′) and/or N,O-diallylated (II) products by Method A. Allylation o
Direct and selective N-monoalkynylation and N-monoalkenylation of anilines with alky(e)nyl methanesulfonates using methylmagnesium bromide as a base
Yoshida, Yoshihiro,Tanabe, Yoo
, p. 533 - 535 (2007/10/03)
Several anilines were directly N-monoalkynylated and N-monoalkenylated with alkynyl methanesulfonates and alkenyl methanesulfonates, respectively, using methylmagnesium bromide as a base in good yields with high selectivities.