3063-69-2

Upstream product

• 123-76-2 levulinic acid 
• 108-93-0 cyclohexanol 
• 624-45-3 levulinic acid methyl ester 
• 591-12-8 5-methyl-2-furanone 

Downstream Products

• 3123-97-5 dihydro-5,5-dimethyl-2(3H)-furanone 
• 100048-34-8 4-hydroxy-valeric acid cyclohexyl ester 
• 626243-21-8 C₁₁H₂₀O₃ 
• 626243-21-8 C₁₁H₂₀O₃ 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Solvent-free transesterification of methyl levulinate and esterification of levulinic acid catalyzed by a homogeneous iron(III) dimer complex

Levulinic acid esters MeC(O)CH2CH2CO2R (LAE) are emerging bio-based chemicals used as solvents, additives and plasticizers. In this work a variety of levulinates (R= n-butyl, n-hexyl, n-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, geranyl, 2-ethoxyethyl, benzyl, 2-octyl, cyclohexyl, menthyl) is obtained from the solvent-free transesterification of methyl levulinate (ML) and esterification of levulinic acid (LA), catalyzed by a dimeric complex of iron(III). The results are competitive with the few related reports of literature mainly based on heterogeneous catalysis. This first systematic study based on a homogeneous catalytic system therefore represents a significant extension within the field of biomass valorization.

Catalytic synthesis of levulinate esters over zirconia and its modified forms coated on honeycomb monoliths: Green synthesis

A series of solid acid catalysts such as ZrO2, Mo(VI)/ZrO2 and W(VI)/ZrO2 have been coated on honeycomb monoliths as well as synthesized in the powder forms and used as catalytic materials for synthesis of ethyl levulinate from levulinic acid and ethanol. These solid acids were characterized by BET, NH3-TPD/n-butyl amine back titration, FTIR, PXRD and SEM techniques. Effects of various reaction parameters towards the reaction performance were studied. The performance of the catalyst was tested based on nature of the catalyst (honeycomb coated or powder form), reaction time (1 to 5 h), molar ratio (1:1 to 1:12 levulinic acid to ethanol) and reusability of the catalytic material. An excellent yield (86-88 %) of ethyl levulinate was obtained under optimized conditions. An attempt is made to correlate the activity of the catalysts in this esterification reaction with their surface characteristics. The honeycomb monoliths coated with zirconia and its modified forms were found to be ecofriendly, cost-effective and reusable catalytic materials compared to their powder forms.

A fructose-based biomass catalytic conversion systems furan derivatives

A method for preparing furan derivatives by catalytic conversion of fructose-based biomass is characterized by: taking biomass such as fructose, cane sugar, inulin and the like as raw materials, taking low-boiling-point alcohols comprising aliphatic alcohols or alicyclic alcohols all with six or less than six carbon atoms as a solvent, and under the effect of a catalyst, performing reactions comprising hydrolysis, dehydration, etherfication and the like for coupling so as to obtain furan derivatives such as 5-alkoxymethyl furfural, levulinate esters, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and the like. The method has the advantages of high raw material utilization rate, high in-situ coupling efficiency in the dehydration and etherfication reactions, and easily separated and purified system.

Preparation of levulinic acid esters from alpha-angelica lactone and alcohols

The present invention relates to a process for producing levulinic acid esters from α-angelica lactone and alcohols in the presence of a basic catalyst. In addition, a method is described herein for producing fuel or fuel additives comprising levulinic acid esters produced from α-angelica lactone and alcohol. In addition, compositions are described comprising levulinic acid esters for use as fuel or fuel additives.

PREPARATION OF LEVULINIC ACID ESTERS FROM α-ANGELICA LACTONE AND ALCOHOLS

The present invention relates to a process for producing levulinic acid esters from α-angelica lactone and alcohols in the presence of a heterogeneous acid catalyst. In addition, a method is described herein for producing fuel or fuel additives comprising levulinic acid esters produced from α-angelica lactone and alcohol. In addition, compositions are described comprising levulinic acid esters for use as fuel or fuel additives.