31354-51-5

Upstream product

• 124-38-9 carbon dioxide 
• 95-54-5 1,2-diamino-benzene 
• 694-53-1 phenylsilane 
• 1988-22-3 4-chlorophenyl formate 
• 64-18-6 formic acid 

Downstream Products

• 94217-36-4 1,2-diisocyanobenzene 
• 3213-79-4 N,N'-dimethyl-1,2-phenylenediamine 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Chromium-catalysed efficient: N -formylation of amines with a recyclable polyoxometalate-supported green catalyst

A simple and efficient protocol for the formylation of amines with formic acid, catalyzed by a polyoxometalate-based chromium catalyst, is described. Notably, this method shows excellent activity and chemoselectivity for the formylation of primary amines; diamines have also been successfully employed. Importantly, the chromium catalyst is potentially non-toxic, environmentally benign and safer than the widely used high valence chromium catalysts such as CrO3 and K2Cr2O7. The catalyst can be recycled several times with a negligible impact on activity. Finally, a plausible mechanism is provided based on the observation of intermediate and control experiments.

Functionalizing HY zeolite with sulfonic acid, a micro-meso structure reusable catalyst for organic transformations

A new class of sulfonic acid functionalized HY zeolite (HY-N-SA) catalyst has been prepared and characterized by some method such as XRD, FT-IR, FESEM, TEM, TGA, NH3-TPD and N2 physisorption. The result shows the micro-meso structure for catalyst without ordering in the mesophase. Then, the HY-N-SA micro-meso structure was used as an acidic catalyst to synthesize of coumarins via Pechmann reaction and facile transformation of amines to formamides under solvent-free condition. To consider the effect of acidity and kind and size of porous on the catalyst activity, this catalyst was compared with NaY-N-SA and MCM-N-SA and pure porous material (NaY and MCM-41). The significant advantages of HY-N-SA with respect to other catalysts are short reaction times, high yields, pure products, mild conditions and easy work-up. In addition, we report an original and environmentally friendly solvent-free procedure which reusability of catalyst makes this method nearly green and environmentally friendly.

Endogenous X-C=O species enable catalyst-free formylation prerequisite for CO2reductive upgrading

CO2, the main component of greenhouse gas, is currently developed as a promising surrogate of carbon feedstock. Among various conversion routes, CO2undergoing catalytic reduction can furnish hydrogen/energy carriers and value-added chemicals, while specific metal-containing catalysts or organocatalysts are often prerequisite for smooth proceeding of the involved reaction processes. In this work, both formic acid and N-containing benzoheterocyclic compounds (including various benzimidazoles, benzothiazole, and benzoxazole) along with silanols could be synthesized with high yields (>90%) from catalyst-free reductive upgrading of CO2under mild conditions (50 °C). The endogenous X-CO species, derived from the N-methyl-substituted amide-based solvent [Me2N-C(O)-R], especially PolarClean, and O-formyl group [O-C(O)-H] of in situ formed silyl formate, were found to play a prominent promotional role in the activation of the used hydrosilane for reductive CO2insertion, as demonstrated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations and isotopic labeling experiments. Moreover, reaction mechanisms and condition-based sensitivity assessment were also delineated.

An efficient way for the: N -formylation of amines by inorganic-ligand supported iron catalysis

The first example of an inorganic-ligand supported iron(iii) catalysed coupling of formic acid and amines to form formamides is reported. The pure inorganic catalyst (NH4)3[FeMo6O18(OH)6] (1), which consists of a central FeIII single-atomic core supported within a cycle-shaped inorganic ligand consisting of six MoVIO6 octahedra, shows excellent activity and selectivity, and avoids the use of complicated/commercially unavailable organic ligands. Various primary amines and secondary amines have been successfully transformed into the corresponding formamides under mild conditions, and the formylation of primary diamines has also been achieved for the first time. The Fe catalyst 1 can be reused several times without appreciable loss of activity.

Solvent- and catalyst-free N-formylations of amines at ambient condition: Exploring the usability of aromatic formates as N-formylating agents

A solvent- and catalyst-free N-formylation protocol has been developed for amines (1s–21s) where aromatic formates (1r–6r) were used as the N-formylating agents. The amine substrates include both primary and secondary aromatic amines (1s–19s) as well as aliphatic amine (20s) and a primary amide (21s). Structures of both the aromatic formate and amine components strongly influenced the rate of the reaction and yield of the N-formamide products. The reaction condition is mild and easy to operate. This protocol can be done smoothly under ambient conditions and gives high yield of formamide products. Furthermore, the present method cannot be applied for the formylation of thiol group (22s). This signifies its possible use for the chemoselective N-formylation of amine in the presence of thiol functionality.

NaY zeolite functionalized by sulfamic acid/Cu(OAc)2 as a new and reusable heterogeneous hybrid catalyst for efficient solvent-free formylation of amines

NaY zeolite functionalized by sulfamic acid/Cu(OAc)2 [NaY/SA/Cu(II)] was synthesized and used as a new, efficient and recyclable catalyst for preparation of formamides. This novel organic-inorganic hybrid catalyst was characterized by several techniques such as FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDX and TG analysis. Chemoselectivity, easy procedure, excellent yields, very short reaction times, solvent-free and mild reaction conditions are some benefits of this new protocol.

Phosphotungstic acid supported on silica-coated CoFe2O4 nanoparticles: An efficient and magnetically-recoverable catalyst for N-formylation of amines under solvent-free conditions

Phosphotungstic acid (PTA) was rapidly and efficiently anchored on the surface of silica coated cobalt ferrite core to obtain a new three-component CoFe2O4@SiO2-PTA nanocomposite. The resultant composite was characterized by various techniques, including FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDX, ICP-AES, and VSM. The as-synthesized nanocomposite was examined as catalyst for N-formylation of various amines under solvent-free conditions at room temperature. Due to the presence of magnetic core in this catalyst, it can be easily separated from the reaction media by applying an external magnetic field. The isolated catalyst can be reused for at least five successive times without significant leaching or loss of its high catalytic activity.