3174-67-2Relevant articles and documents
Spiroacetals and other venom constituents as potential wasp attractants
Weston, Roderick J.,Woolhouse, Anthony D.,Spurr, Eric B.,Harris, Richard J.,Suckling, D. Max
, p. 553 - 568 (1997)
The major volatile spiroacetals from the venom of both the common wasp, Vespula vulgaris and the German wasp V. germanica, viz. 7-methyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4,5]decane and 7-ethyl-2-methyl-1,6-dioxaspiro[4,5]decane, respectively, were synthesized by known methods. These acetals, along with N-isopentylacetamide (the major volatile amide from wasp venom), 2-heptanone (a honeybee pheromone), 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol (a component of hornet venom), cuticle wax from V. vulgaris, and venom sacs from both wasp species were assayed by EAG and olfactory bioassay for attractancy to V. vulgaris workers. Antennal responses to all test chemicals were recorded. Acetal isomers (±)-2 and (±)-3,N-isopentylacetamide, and 2-heptanone were attractive to V. vulgaris workers at levels of 1 μmol. Greater quantities of the same compounds were repellent to V. vulgaris workers.
Floating ZnO QDs-modified TiO2/LLDPE hybrid polymer film for the effective photodegradation of tetracycline under fluorescent light irradiation: Synthesis and characterisation
Adam, Farook,Ahmad, Mohammad Norazmi,Iqbal, Anwar,Ramalingam, Rajabathar Jothi,Saidu, Usman,Sreekantan, Srimala,Wilson, Lee D.,Yahaya, Noorfatimah
, (2021)
In this work, mesoporous TiO2-modified ZnO quantum dots (QDs) were immobilised on a linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) polymer using a solution casting method for the photodegradation of tetracycline (TC) antibiotics under fluorescent light irradiation. Various spectroscopic and microscopic techniques were used to investigate the physicochemical properties of the floating hybrid polymer film catalyst (8%-ZT@LLDPE). The highest removal (89.5%) of TC (40 mg/L) was achieved within 90 min at pH 9 due to enhanced water uptake by the LDDPE film and the surface roughness of the hybrid film. The formation of heterojunctions increased the separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The QDs size-dependent quantum confinement effect leads to the displacement of the conduction band potential of ZnO QDs to more negative energy values than TiO2. The displacement generates more reactive species with higher oxidation ability. The highly stable film photocatalyst can be separated easily and can be repeatedly used up to 8 cycles without significant loss in the photocatalytic ability. The scavenging test indicates that the main species responsible for the photodegradation was O2 ?-. The proposed photodegradation mechanism of TC was demonstrated in further detail based on the intermediates detected by LC-time-of-flight/mass spectrometry (LC/TOF-MS).
Hydrodeoxygenation of C4-C6 sugar alcohols to diols or mono-alcohols with the retention of the carbon chain over a silica-supported tungsten oxide-modified platinum catalyst
Betchaku, Mii,Cao, Ji,Liu, Lujie,Nakagawa, Yoshinao,Tamura, Masazumi,Tomishige, Keiichi,Yabushita, Mizuho
supporting information, p. 5665 - 5679 (2021/08/16)
The hydrodeoxygenation of erythritol, xylitol, and sorbitol was investigated over a Pt-WOx/SiO2 (4 wt% Pt, W/Pt = 0.25, molar ratio) catalyst. 1,4-Butanediol can be selectively produced with 51% yield (carbon based) by erythritol hydrodeoxygenation at 413 K, based on the selectivity over this catalyst toward the regioselective removal of the C-O bond in the -O-C-CH2OH structure. Because the catalyst is also active in the hydrodeoxygenation of other polyols to some extent but much less active in that of mono-alcohols, at higher temperature (453 K), mono-alcohols can be produced from sugar alcohols. A good total yield (59%) of pentanols can be obtained from xylitol, which is mainly converted to C2 + C3 products in the literature hydrogenolysis systems. It can be applied to the hydrodeoxygenation of other sugar alcohols to mono-alcohols with high yields as well, such as erythritol to butanols (74%) and sorbitol to hexanols (59%) with very small amounts of C-C bond cleavage products. The active site is suggested to be the Pt-WOx interfacial site, which is supported by the reaction and characterization results (TEM and XAFS). WOx/SiO2 selectively catalyzed the dehydration of xylitol to 1,4-anhydroxylitol, whereas Pt-WOx/SiO2 promoted the transformation of xylitol to pentanols with 1,3,5-pentanetriol as the main intermediate. Pre-calcination of the reused catalyst at 573 K is important to prevent coke formation and to improve the reusability.
Method used for preparing 1,3-dihydric alcohol via Prins condensation reaction
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Paragraph 0026; 0027, (2016/10/10)
The invention relates to a method used for preparing a 1,3-dihydric alcohol via Prins condensation reaction. According to the method, an olefin and a formaldehyde aqueous solution are taken as reaction substrates, and direct preparation of the 1,3-dihydric alcohol is carried out under catalytic effect of an acidic composite metal oxide. The reaction process comprises following steps: the formaldehyde aqueous solution is mixed with a catalyst, and an obtained mixture is delivered into a pressure vessel for sealing; the olefin gas is added, stirring is carried out, and reaction is carried out for more than 2h at a temperature higher than 80 DEG C. After reaction, the catalyst is easily collected via separation from a reaction system, and can be recycled for a plurality of time, and the highest yield of the 1,3-dihydric alcohol is 90%.
