3246-80-8Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Kinetics of the hydride reduction of an NAD+ analogue by isopropyl alcohol in aqueous and acetonitrile solutions: Solvent effects, deuterium isotope effects, and mechanism
Lu, Yun,Qu, Fengrui,Zhao, Yu,Small, Ashia M. J.,Bradshaw, Joshua,Moore, Brian
, p. 6503 - 6510 (2009)
(Chemical Equation Presented) The rate constants of the hydride-transfer reactions from isopropyl alcohol (i-PrOH) to an NAD+ model, 9-phenylxanthyliumion (PhXn+), in acetonitrile (AN) and inwater containing AN (80% H2O/20% AN) were determined over a temperature range from 36 to 67°C. The reactions follow second-order rate laws. In the latter solution, formation of the water adduct of PhXn+ was observed as a side-equilibrium (K). The observed inverse solvent kinetic isotope effect (kH2Oobs/kD2Oobs = 0.54), the larger than unity equilibrium isotope effect (K(H2O)/K(D2O) = 2.69), and the results of acid effect on the observed rate constants of the reactions are consistent with the "side-equilibriummechanism". Kinetic isotope effects at all three H/D positions of i-PrOH for the net hydride-transfer process were determined in both solutions at 60°C: KIE α-DH = 3.2(AN), 3.2(H2O); KIE β-D6H = 1.05(AN), 1.16(H2O); KIE ODH = 1.08(AN), 1.04(H2O). These KIE values are consistent with the presence of the positively charged alcohol moiety in the transition state (TS) for cleavage of the α-C-H bond, the delocalization of the positive charge over the α-C-OH group, and the stepwise hydride and proton transfer processes. Comparison of the activation parameters for the reactions in the two solvent systems as well as those in the i-PrOH/AN (1:1 v/v) reported earlier suggests that the AN medium promotes the reaction by activating the ground-state alcohol reactant through weak interactions with the electron pairs on alcohol O, while water and parent alcohol media facilitate the reaction by H-bonding stabilization of the alcohol moiety of the TS. Results suggest that in the alcohol dehydrogenases without a Zn(II) cofactor in the active sites alcohols would be oxidized via hydride transfer to NAD+ coenzyme followed by the rapid deprotonation to the nearby basic species in the active site of the enzymes.
Deoxygenation of tertiary and secondary alcohols with sodium borohydride, trimethylsilyl chloride, and potassium iodide in acetonitrile
Kato, Yuichi,Inoue, Tomoka,Furuyama, Yuuki,Ohgane, Kenji,Sadaie, Mahito,Kuramochi, Kouji
supporting information, (2021/11/16)
The deoxygenation of tertiary and secondary alcohols to give the corresponding alkanes is conventionally performed using an organosilane and a strong acid. In this study, a deoxygenation method was developed for tertiary and secondary alcohols, using trimethylsilane and trimethylsilyl iodide generated in situ from sodium borohydride and trimethylsilyl chloride, and trimethylsilyl chloride and potassium iodide, respectively. With our method, tertiary and secondary alcohols, which provided stable carbocations, were converted into the corresponding alkanes. This paper also presents the optimization of the reaction conditions, the reaction mechanism, as well as the scope and limitations of the method.
NaHSO4/SiO2catalyzed generation of: o -quinone/ o -thioquinone methides: synthesis of arylxanthenes/ arylthioxanthenes via oxa-6π-electrocyclization
Anthony, Savarimuthu Philip,Karthick, Muthupandi,Konikkara Abi, Edwin,Ramanathan, Chinnasamy Ramaraj,Someshwar, Nagamalla
, p. 8653 - 8667 (2020/11/17)
ortho-Quinone methides, very reactive transient intermediates, are utilized successfully in synthesizing complex organic molecules of natural and biological significance. Among several synthetic protocols, the acid catalyzed generation of ortho-quinone me
Method for constructing carbon-hydrogen bond by catalyzing alcohol dehydroxylation with palladium/platinum
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Paragraph 0104-0110; 0112, (2019/12/25)
The invention discloses a method for constructing a carbon-hydrogen (deuterium) bond. The method comprises the following step: in the presence of a palladium/platinum catalyst and aryl halide, an alcohol hydroxyl group of an alcohol and hydrogen (deuterium) gas is replaced by hydrogen (deuterium) to construct the carbon-hydrogen (deuterium) bond. According to the method, the palladium/platinum catalyst is used as a catalyst, the green hydrogen (deuterium) gas is used as a hydrogen (deuterium) source, efficient alcohol dehydroxylation is performed at room temperature to construct the carbon-hydrogen (deuterium) bond, and the method is particularly suitable for constructing the carbon-deuterium bond and can be widely applied to synthesis of deuterated drugs.
Copper-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of Dibenzofurans, Xanthenes, and Xanthones from Cyclic Diphenyl Iodoniums
Zhu, Daqian,Li, Min,Wu, Zhouming,Du, Yongliang,Luo, Bingling,Huang, Peng,Wen, Shijun
, p. 4566 - 4571 (2019/07/09)
Oxygenation of cyclic diphenyl iodoniums (CDPIs) with varied medium-ring sizes has been fully investigated. This practical copper-catalyzed tandem reaction of CDPIs with water as the oxygen source enables the construction of derivatised dibenzofurans and xanthenes at moderate to good yields. Moreover, structurally important xanthones are also successfully accessed under the oxygenation conditions with additional TEMPO.
Asymmetric carbazole pyridine compound and applications thereof
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Paragraph 0159; 0161; 0162, (2019/05/08)
The invention belongs to the field of organic electroluminescent materials, and discloses an asymmetric carbazole pyridine compound and applications thereof. The provided compound has a structure represented by the formula (I) and a high triplet energy le
Elemental steps of the thermodynamics of dihydropyrimidine: a new class of organic hydride donors
Meng, Fan-kun,Zhu, Xiao-qing
, p. 197 - 206 (2016/12/27)
25 Dihydropyrimidine derivatives, a new class of organo-hydrides, were designed and synthesized by the Biginelli reaction. For the first time, the thermodynamic driving forces of the six elemental steps to obtain a hydride in acetonitrile were determined by isothermal titration and electrochemical methods, respectively. The effects of molecular structures and substituents on these thermodynamic parameters were examined, uncovering some interesting structure-reactivity relationships. Both the thermodynamic and kinetic studies show that the hydride transfer from dihydropyrimidines to 9-phenylxanthylium (PhXn+ClO4-) prefers a concerted mechanism.
LDA-Mediated Synthesis of Triarylmethanes by Arylation of Diarylmethanes with Fluoroarenes at Room Temperature
Ji, Xinfei,Huang, Tao,Wu, Wei,Liang, Fang,Cao, Song
supporting information, p. 5096 - 5099 (2015/11/03)
A practical and convenient approach for the secondary C(sp3)-H arylation of diarylmethanes with various fluoroarenes is described. The reaction proceeds smoothly in the presence of LDA (lithium diisopropylamide) at room temperature and affords triarylmethanes in moderate to high yields.
Efficient C(sp3)-H bond functionalization of isochroman by azadol catalysis
Muramatsu, Wataru,Nakano, Kimihiro
, p. 1549 - 1552 (2015/03/30)
A novel organocatalytic C(sp3)-H bond functionalization of isochroman under practical conditions has been developed. In the presence of 5.0 mol % of AZADOL, the catalysis proceeded successfully with a broad range of substrates and nucleophiles in excellent yields.
NiXantphos: A deprotonatable ligand for room-temperature palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings of aryl chlorides
Zhang, Jiadi,Bellomo, Ana,Trongsiriwat, Nisalak,Jia, Tiezheng,Carroll, Patrick J.,Dreher, Spencer D.,Tudge, Matthew T.,Yin, Haolin,Robinson, Jerome R.,Schelter, Eric J.,Walsh, Patrick J.
supporting information, p. 6276 - 6287 (2014/05/20)
Although the past 15 years have witnessed the development of sterically bulky and electron-rich alkylphosphine ligands for palladium-catalyzed cross-couplings with aryl chlorides, examples of palladium catalysts based on either triarylphosphine or bidentate phosphine ligands for efficient room temperature cross-coupling reactions with unactivated aryl chlorides are rare. Herein we report a palladium catalyst based on NiXantphos, a deprotonatable chelating aryldiphosphine ligand, to oxidatively add unactivated aryl chlorides at room temperature. Surprisingly, comparison of an extensive array of ligands revealed that under the basic reaction conditions the resultant heterobimetallic Pd-NiXantphos catalyst system outperformed all the other mono- and bidentate ligands in a deprotonative cross-coupling process (DCCP) with aryl chlorides. The DCCP with aryl chlorides affords a variety of triarylmethane products, a class of compounds with various applications and interesting biological activity. Additionally, the DCCP exhibits remarkable chemoselectivity in the presence of aryl chloride substrates bearing heteroaryl groups and sensitive functional groups that are known to undergo 1,2-addition, aldol reaction, and O-, N-, enolate-α-, and C(sp2)-H arylations. The advantages and importance of the Pd-NiXantphos catalyst system outlined herein make it a valuable contribution for applications in Pd-catalyzed arylation reactions with aryl chlorides.
