34378-65-9Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Synthesis of the 7-hydroxy metabolites of methotrexate and 10-ethyl-10-deazaaminopterin
Dawson,O'Krongly,Hobbs,Barrueco,Sirotnak
, p. 635 - 638 (1987)
The potent folate antagonists methotrexate and 10-ethyl-10-deazaaminopterin are oxidized in vivo to their 7-hydroxy derivatives. A specific cyanation at the C-7 position of the pteridine ring system using diethyl phosphorocyanidate converted the dimethyl esters of methotrexate and 10-ethyl-10-deazaaminopterin to the corresponding 7-cyano dimethyl ester derivatives, which were hydrolyzed to the 7-hydroxy metabolites.
PRODRUGS ACTIVATED BY REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES FOR USE IN THE TREATMENT OF INFLAMMATORY DISEASES AND CANCER
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, (2018/09/25)
Prodrugs activated predominantly or exclusively in inflammatory tissue, more particularly prodrugs of methotrexate and derivatives thereof, which are selectively activated by Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in inflammatory tissues associated with cancer and inflammatory diseases, as well as method for preparing said prodrugs.
Synthesis and Evaluation of Hydrogen Peroxide Sensitive Prodrugs of Methotrexate and Aminopterin for the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Peiró Cadahía, Jorge,Bondebjerg, Jon,Hansen, Christian A.,Previtali, Viola,Hansen, Anders E.,Andresen, Thomas L.,Clausen, Mads H.
, p. 3503 - 3515 (2018/05/01)
A series of novel hydrogen peroxide sensitive prodrugs of methotrexate (MTX) and aminopterin (AMT) were synthesized and evaluated for therapeutic efficacy in mice with collagen induced arthritis (CIA) as a model of chronic rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The prodrug strategy selected is based on ROS-labile 4-methylphenylboronic acid promoieties linked to the drugs via a carbamate linkage or a direct C-N bond. Activation under pathophysiological concentrations of H2O2 proved to be effective, and prodrug candidates were selected in agreement with relevant in vitro physicochemical and pharmacokinetic assays. Selected candidates showed moderate to good solubility, high chemical and enzymatic stability, and therapeutic efficacy comparable to the parent drugs in the CIA model. Importantly, the prodrugs displayed the expected safer toxicity profile and increased therapeutic window compared to MTX and AMT while maintaining a comparable therapeutic efficacy, which is highly encouraging for future use in RA patients.
Synthesis of methotrexate-antibody conjugates by regiospecific coupling and assessment of drug and antitumor activities
Kralovec,Spencer,Blair,Mammen,Singh,Ghose
, p. 2426 - 2431 (2007/10/02)
In order to increase the retention of drug activity, regiospecific coupling has been used to synthesize conjugates of methotrexate (MTX, 1) with normal rabbit IgG (NRG) and a mouse anti-human renal cancer monoclonal IgG (Dal K-20). MTX γ-methyl ester (4) was produced either by selective esterification of MTX or by coupling of 4-amino-4-deoxy-N10-methylpteroic acid (2) with suitable glutamic acid derivatives. The MTX γ-methyl ester (4) was then converted to the corresponding hydrazide 6. An amide-linked conjugate was formed when the MTX γ-hydrazide (6) was converted to reactive acylating species 7 by using tert-butyl nitrite or trifluoroacetaldehyde, which were reacted with nucleophilic centers, presumably ε-amino groups, in native IgG. A hydrazone-linked conjugate was formed when MTX γ-hydrazide (6) was reacted directly with IgG that had first been oxidized with periodate to form polyaldehyde IgG. The regiospecifically synthesized conjugates were somewhat more effective inhibitors in vitro of dihydrofolate reductase and of colony formation by human renal cancer (Caki-1) cells than were control nonregiospecific conjugates.
