345320-47-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Optimization of tether length in nonglycosidically linked bivalent ligands that target sites 2 and 1 of a Shiga-like toxin
Kitov, Pavel I.,Shimizu, Hiroki,Homans, Steven W.,Bundle, David R.
, p. 3284 - 3294 (2007/10/03)
A series of bivalent ligands for a Shiga-like toxin have been synthesized, their experimentally determined inhibitory activities were compared with a simplified thermodynamic model, and computer simulations were used to predict the optimal tether length i
Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of di- and trisaccharide inhibitors for Shiga-like toxin Type 1
Kitov,Bundle
, p. 838 - 853 (2007/10/03)
The syntheses of galabiose and Pk-trisaccharide analogues in which selected hydroxy groups are replaced by O-methyl, amino deoxy, acetamido deoxy, and carboxyalkyl groups are reported. The ability of these inhibitors to block E. coli verotoxin 1 binding to its mammalian cell-surface receptor are evaluated by a solid-phase competition assay. The synthesis of a biotinylated glycoconjugate for this assay is described, wherein a Pk-trisaccharide tether derivative 70 is constructed and covalently attached to bovine serum albumin followed by biotinylation. Galabiose derivatives 4 and 5 that contain a carboxymethyl or carboxyethyl substituent at O-2 of the β-galactose residue show 15-20-fold activity gains over the methyl glycoside of galabiose. This enhanced activity is not observed for the corresponding carboxymethyl-substituted Pk-trisaccharide analogue 13. The inhibition data are rationalized with the solved crystal structure for verotoxin 1 complexed with a Pk-trisaccharide analogue and provide insight for the design of dimeric inhibitors that can exploit the unique binding-site distribution of the toxin's B subunit. This discussion provides a further example of the important role played by ordered water molecules in sugar-protein complexes.
