35376-00-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Synthesis of (±)-rosaprostol
Mikolajczyk, Marian,Zurawinski, Remigiusz
, p. 8894 - 8897 (1998)
A total synthesis of racemic rosaprostol, an untiulcer drug, has been achieved in seven synthetic steps and in 42% overall yield starting from dimethyl methanephosphonate. The key steps include intramolecular carbenoid cyclization of dimethyl 1-diazo-2-oxoundecanephosphonate 4 leading to 2- dimethoxyphosphoryl-3-hexylcyclopentanone 5 and the Horner-Wittig reaction of the latter with methyl 5-formylpentanecarboxylate 6 employed for the introduction of the methoxycarbonylhexyl moiety at C(2) of the cyclopentanone ring.
α-nitrocycloalkanones as a new source for the one-pot synthesis of functionalized 1,4-diketones, γ-oxoaldehydes, γ-ketoesters, and methyl ω- oxoalkanoates
Ballini, Roberto,Bosica, Giovanna,Gigli, Fabiola
, p. 7573 - 7580 (1998)
Methyl ω-oxoalkanoates were obtained via ring cleavage of α- nitrocycloakanones by refluxing these compounds in a methanolic solution of KOH, then treating the obtained mixture, at 0 °C, with an aqueous solution of KMnO4/MgSO4. 1,4-Diketones, γ-oxoaldehydes, and γ-ketoesters were also prepared by conjugated addition of α-nitrocycloakanones to the appropriate conjugated enones, in MeOH/Ph3P, then by, in situ, ring cleavage-Nef reaction following the above conditions.
Iridium-catalyzed enantioselective allylic substitution of unstabilized enolates derived from α,β-unsaturated ketones
Chen, Ming,Hartwig, John F.
, p. 8691 - 8695 (2014)
We report Ir-catalyzed, enantioselective allylic substitution reactions of unstabilized silyl enolates derived from α,β-unsaturated ketones. Asymmetric allylic substitution of a variety of allylic carbonates with silyl enolates gave allylated products in 62-94% yield with 90-98% ee and >20:1 branched-to-linear selectivity. The synthetic utility of this method was illustrated by the short synthesis of an anticancer agent, TEI-9826.
Synthesis and biological evaluations of marine oxohexadecenoic acids: PPARα/γ dual agonism and anti-diabetic target gene effects
S?ther, Thomas,Paulsen, Steinar M.,Tungen, J?rn E.,Vik, Anders,Aursnes, Marius,Holen, Torgeir,Hansen, Trond Vidar,Nebb, Hilde I.
, p. 736 - 753 (2018)
Obesity and associated disorders such as metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2D) have reached epidemic proportions. Several natural products have been reported as Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) agonists, functioning as lead compounds towards developing new anti-diabetic drugs due to adverse side effects of existing PPAR drugs. We recently isolated and identified (7E)-9-oxohexadec-7-enoic acid (1) and (10E)-9-oxohexadec-10-enoic acid (2) from the marine algae Chaetoceros karianus. Herein we report the total synthesis, pharmacological characterization, and biological evaluations of these naturally occurring oxo-fatty acids (oFAs). The syntheses of 1 and 2 afforded sufficient material for extensive biological evaluations. Both oFAs show an appreciable dose-dependent activation of PPARα and -γ with EC50 values in the micromolar range, and an ability to regulate important PPAR target genes in hepatocytes and adipocytes. Moreover, both 1 and 2 are able to drive adipogenesis when evaluated in the Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome (SGBS) pre-adipocyte cell model, but with lowered expression of adipocyte markers and reduced lipid accumulation compared to the drug rosiglitazone. This seems to be caused by a transient upregulation of PPARγ and C/EBPα expression. Importantly, whole transcriptome analysis shows that both compounds induce anti-diabetic gene programs in adipocytes by upregulating insulin-sensitizing adipokines and repressing pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Stereoselective synthesis of MaR2n-3 DPA
S?nderskov, Jeanne,Tungen, J?rn E.,Palmas, Francesco,Dalli, Jesmond,Serhan, Charles N.,Stenstr?m, Yngve,Vidar Hansen, Trond
, (2019/12/24)
The first total synthesis of the n-3 docosapentaenoic derived oxygenated product MaR2n-3 DPA has been achieved. The 13R and 14S stereogenic centers were introduced using 2-deoxy-D-ribose in a chiral pool strategy. The geometry of the Z,E,E-triene moiety was prepared using highly E-selective Wittig- and Takai-olefination reactions as well as the Z-stereoselective Lindlar reduction. LC/MS-MS data of synthetic MaR2n-3 DPA matched data for the biosynthetic formed product that enabled the configurational assignment of this oxygenated natural product to be (7Z,9E,11E,13R,14S,16Z,19Z)-13,14-dihydroxydocosa-7,9,11,16,19-pentaenoic acid.
Chiral geminal disilyl alkane compound, synthesis method and applications thereof
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Paragraph 0204; 0205; 0206; 0207; 0210, (2019/01/14)
The present invention discloses a chiral geminal disilyl alkane compound, which is represented by a formula V, wherein * represents a chiral carbon atom in the formula V. The invention discloses a synthesis method of the chiral geminal disilyl alkane compound, wherein the synthesis method comprises: carrying out a reaction in the presence of a reducing agent by using alkyne represented by a formula I, dihydrosilane represented by a formula II and trihydrosilane represented by a formula III as raw materials and using Xantphos-CoBr2 and a chiral CoX2-OIP complex as catalysts under an inert gas to prepare the chiral geminal disilyl alkane compound represented by the formula V. According to the present invention, the method has characteristics of mild reaction condition, simple operation, highatomic economy, no requirement of the addition of any other toxic transition metals (such as ruthenium, rhodium, palladium and the like) salts, high yield and high enantioselectivity, and has great practical value in the synthesis of drugs and materials, wherein the yield is generally 50-85%, and the enantioselectivity is generally 93-99%. The formulas I, II, III and V are defined in the specification.
Racemic gem disilyl alkane compound containing four silicon-hydrogen bonds, and sybthesis method and application of compound
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Paragraph 0263-0268; 0270, (2019/05/15)
The invention discloses a racemic gem disilyl alkane compound containing four silicon-hydrogen bonds. The compound is as shown in a formula IV. The invention further discloses a synthesis method of the racemic gem disilyl alkane compound. The synthesis method comprises the following step of carrying out a reaction by taking alkyne as shown in a formula I and trihydrosilane as shown in a formula IIas raw materials and taking a chiral CoX-IIP complex as a catalyst in the presence of a reducing agent to obtain the racemic gem disilyl alkane compound containing four silicon-hydrogen bonds, wherein the compound is as shown in the formula IV. The method disclosed by the invention has mild reaction conditions, is simple and convenient to operate and has high atom economy. In addition, the reaction does not need addition of any salts of toxic transition metals (such as ruthenium, rhodium, palladium and the like), and the method has a relatively large practical application value in synthesis of medicines and materials. In addition, the reaction has a medium to excellent yield (51-99%) and high area selectivity (10:1-19:1, most parts larger than 19:1).
Investigation of (S)-(-)-acidomycin: A selective antimycobacterial natural product that inhibits biotin synthase
Bockman, Matthew R.,Engelhart, Curtis A.,Cramer, Julia D.,Howe, Michael D.,Mishra, Neeraj K.,Zimmerman, Matthew,Larson, Peter,Alvarez-Cabrera, Nadine,Park, Sae Woong,Boshoff, Helena I. M.,Bean, James M.,Young, Victor G.,Ferguson, David M.,Dartois, Veronique,Jarrett, Joseph T.,Schnappinger, Dirk,Aldrich, Courtney C.
, p. 598 - 617 (2019/02/14)
The synthesis, absolute stereochemical configuration, complete biological characterization, mechanism of action and resistance, and pharmacokinetic properties of (S)-(-)-acidomycin are described. Acidomycin possesses promising antitubercular activity against a series of contemporary drug susceptible and drug-resistant M. tuberculosis strains (minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) = 0.096-6.2 μM) but is inactive against nontuberculosis mycobacteria and Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens (MICs > 1000 μM). Complementation studies with biotin biosynthetic pathway intermediates and subsequent biochemical studies confirmed acidomycin inhibits biotin synthesis with a Ki of approximately 1 μM through the competitive inhibition of biotin synthase (BioB) and also stimulates unproductive cleavage of S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAM) to generate the toxic metabolite 5′-deoxyadenosine. Cell studies demonstrate acidomycin selectively accumulates in M. tuberculosis providing a mechanistic basis for the observed antibacterial activity. The development of spontaneous resistance by M. tuberculosis to acidomycin was difficult, and only low-level resistance to acidomycin was observed by overexpression of BioB. Collectively, the results provide a foundation to advance acidomycin and highlight BioB as a promising target.
Linear Selective Isomerization/Hydroformylation of Unsaturated Fatty Acid Methyl Esters: A Bimetallic Approach
Gaide, Tom,Bianga, Jonas,Schlipk?ter, Kim,Behr, Arno,Vorholt, Andreas J.
, p. 4163 - 4171 (2017/06/19)
Herein, we report about the development of an isomerization/hydroformylation tandem reaction to selectively convert fatty acid methyl esters into asymmetric α,ω-functionalized aldehyde esters. An orthogonal tandem catalytic system consisting of a palladium-based isomerization catalyst and a rhodium-based hydroformylation catalyst was developed, using methyl 3-hexenoate as a model substrate. Using this catalyst, high yields (81% at 99% conversion) and regioselectivities (l/b-ratio of 98/2) toward the desired terminal hydroformylation product are obtained in the conversion of methyl 3-hexenoate under mild conditions. Ethyl 4-decenoate was subsequently applied as a second model substrate to identify challenges associated with the longer chain length of the unsaturated ester. Finally, methyl oleate was converted using the developed catalyst system. High aldehyde yields of 74% (at 99% conversion) with an l/b-ratio of 91/9 are obtained.
Discovery of a highly potent anti-inflammatory epoxyisoprostane-derived lactone
Egger, Julian,Bretscher, Peter,Freigang, Stefan,Kopf, Manfred,Carreira, Erick M.
supporting information, p. 17382 - 17385 (2015/02/19)
Epoxyisoprostanes EI (1) and EC (2) are effective inhibitors of the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-12. In detailed studies toward the investigation of the molecular mode of action of these structures, a highly potent lactone (3) derived from 1 was identified. The known isoprostanoids 1 and 2 are most likely precursors of 3, the product of facile intramolecular reaction between the epoxide with the carboxylic acid in 2.
