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Upstream product

• 5813-89-8 2-thiophenylcarboxamide 
• 108-41-8 1-chloro-3-methylbenzene 
• 6165-68-0 thiophene boronic acid 
• 527-72-0 2-thiophenylcarboxylic acid 
• 5271-67-0 2-Thiophenecarbonyl chloride 
• 108-44-1 1-amino-3-methylbenzene 
• 591-17-3 meta-bromotoluene 
• 625-95-6 3-Iodotoluene 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

In Situ Formation of Cationic π-Allylpalladium Precatalysts in Alcoholic Solvents: Application to C-N Bond Formation

We report an efficient Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reaction in alcoholic solvent, in which a low catalyst loading showed excellent performance for coupling aryl halides (I, Br, and Cl) with a broad set of amines, amides, ureas, and carbamates under mild conditions. Mechanistically speaking, in a protic and polar medium, extremely bulky biarylphosphine ligands interact with the dimeric precatalyst [Pd(π-(R)-allyl)Cl]2 to form the corresponding cationic complexes [Pd(π-(R)-allyl)(L)]Cl in situ and spontaneously. The resulting precatalyst further evolves under basic conditions into the corresponding L-Pd(0) catalyst, which is commonly employed for cross-coupling reactions. This mechanistic study highlights the prominent role of alcoholic solvents for the formation of the active catalyst.

Cu-catalyzed arylation of bromo-difluoro-acetamides by aryl boronic acids, aryl trialkoxysilanes and dimethyl-aryl-sulfonium salts: New entries to aromatic amides

We describe a mechanism-guided discovery of a synthetic methodology that enables the preparation of aromatic amides from 2-bromo-2, 2-difluoroacetamides utilizing a copper-catalyzed direct arylation. Readily available and structurally simple aryl precursors such as aryl boronic acids, aryl trialkoxysilanes and dimethyl-aryl-sulfonium salts were used as the source for the aryl substituents. The scope of the reactions was tested, and the reactions were insensitive to the electronic nature of the aryl groups, as both electron-rich and electron-deficient aryls were successfully introduced. A wide range of 2-bromo-2, 2-difluoroacetamides as either aliphatic or aromatic secondary or tertiary amides were also reactive under the developed conditions. The described synthetic protocols displayed excellent efficiency and were successfully utilized for the expeditious preparation of diverse aromatic amides in good-to-excellent yields. The reactions were scaled up to gram quantities.

Buchwald-Hartwig reactions in water using surfactants

Examination of the scope and limitation of the Buchwald-Hartwig cross-coupling reaction in micellar medium is reported. An array of aryl or heteroaryl halides were coupled to diverse nitrogen coupling partners using a combination of [(allyl)PdCl]2 and cBRIDP to afford the corresponding products in moderate to excellent yields. 30 examples are reported, including polar solid and fairly water-soluble organic substrates/reagents.

Efficient ligand-free copper-catalyzed N-arylation of amides with aryl halides in water

A convenient and efficient protocol has been developed for the cross-coupling of amides and aryl iodides using a ligand-free copper(I) oxide catalyst in water. A variety of amide derivatives afforded the corresponding N-arylated products in moderate to good yields (up to 88%).

Determination of aromaticity indices of thiophene and furan by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic analysis of their anilides

A series of m- and p-substituted anilides of benzoic acid, 2-thienoic acid, and 2-furoic acid were prepared and their 1H and 13C nmr spectroscopic characteristics were examined. In general, good correlations were observed between the chemical shifts of proton and carbon signals of the acyl aromatic rings and the Hammett σ. Plots of the chemical shift values of the carbonyl carbons of the benzanilides against those of the 2-thienamides and 2-furamides gave an excellent correlation and the values of the slopes are 0.79 and 0.52, respectively, in dimethyl sulfoxide-d6. The slopes could be considered as a set of aromaticity index.