40195-49-1Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Dependence of the reactivities of titanium enolates on how they are generated: Diastereoselective coupling of phenylacetic acid esters using titanium tetrachloride
Matsumura, Yoshihiro,Nishimura, Maiko,Hiu, Hiroyuki,Watanabe, Mitsuaki,Kise, Naoki
, p. 2809 - 2812 (2007/10/03)
Oxidative coupling of phenylacetic acid esters was easily achieved by treating the esters with TiCl4 and then adding Et3N to the resulting solution. The products consisted of dl- and meso-2,3-diphenylsuccinic acid esters with the Claisen condensation product, and the ratio of these products depended on the reaction conditions. Reaction conditions suitable for high dl selectivity were determined, and a dimer of titanium enolate was postulated as an intermediate responsible for the high dl selectivity. The selectivities were compared with those in known oxidative couplings in which titanium enolate intermediates are prepared through lithium enolates and silyl enol ethers. The results suggest that the reactivities of titanium enolates intermediates depend on how they are generated.
Reactions of Carbonyl Compounds with Grignard Reagents in the Presence of Cerium Chloride
Imamoto, Tsuneo,Takiyama, Noboyuki,Nakamura, Kimikazu,Hatajima, Toshihiko,Kamiya, Yasuo
, p. 4392 - 4398 (2007/10/02)
The addition of Grignard reagents to ketones is significantly enhanced by cerium chloride with remarkable supression of side reactions, particularly enolization.Some esters, which are prone to side reactions, also react readily with Grignard reagents in the presence of cerium chloride to give normal reaction products in reasonable to high yields.
