40784-88-1Relevant articles and documents
PROCESS FOR SYNTHESIZING PHENYLACETIC ACID BY CARBONYLATION OF TOLUENE
-
Paragraph 0050; 0051, (2013/11/19)
A production process for substituted phenylacetic acids or ester analogues thereof is disclosed. In this process toluene or toluene substituted with various substituents, an alcohol, an oxidant and carbon monoxide are used as raw materials to obtain compounds comprising structure of phenylacetic acid ester or analogues thereof by catalysis of the complex catalyst formed from transition metal and ligand, and such compounds are hydrolyzed to obtain various substituted phenylacetic acid based compounds. This type of compounds and their derivatives serve as important fine chemicals used widely in the industries of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, perfume and the like.
Practical synthesis of 2-arylacetic acid esters via palladium-catalyzed dealkoxycarbonylative coupling of malonates with aryl halides
Song, Bingrui,Rudolphi, Felix,Himmler, Thomas,Goossen, Lukas J.
supporting information; experimental part, p. 1565 - 1574 (2011/08/03)
A new palladium-based system was developed that catalyzes the coupling of aryl halides with diethyl malonates in the presence of mild bases. In the course of the reaction, the intermediately formed diethyl arylmalonate is directly converted into the arylacetic acid ester via liberation of carbon dioxide and an alkanol. This cross-coupling/dealkoxycarbonylation process provides an efficient and high-yielding synthetic entry to diversely functionalized arylacetic acid esters. Two complementary protocols were developed, one of which is optimal for electron-rich, the other for electron-poor aryl halides. Both make use of low loadings of palladium(0) bis(dibenzylideneacetone) (0.5 mol%)/tri-tert-butylphosphonium tetrafluoroborate (1.1 mol%) as the catalyst and diethyl malonate as the reaction solvent. The new procedures are particularly effective for sterically hindered substrates. Copyright
Growth hormone secretagogues
-
Page column 70, (2010/02/09)
What is disclosed are growth hormone secretagogues, and their uses, of the formula wherein R1 is C6H5CH2OCH2—, C6H5(CH2)3— or indol-3-ylmethyl; Y is pyrrolidin-1-yl, 4-C1-C6alkylpiperidin-1-yl or NR2R2; R2 are each independently a C1to C6alkyl; R3 is 2-napthyl or phenyl para-substituted by W; W is H, F, CF3, C1-C6alkoxy or phenyl; and R4 is H or CH3, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or solvate thereof.