42307-58-4Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Optimized iminium-catalysed 1,4-reductions inside the resorcinarene capsule: achieving >90% ee with proline as catalyst
Sokolova, Daria,Tiefenbacher, Konrad
, p. 24607 - 24612 (2021/07/29)
In previous work, we demonstrated that iminium-catalysed 1,4-reductions inside the supramolecular resorcinarene capsule display increased enantioselectivities as compared to their regular solution counterparts. Utilizing proline as the chiral catalyst, enantioselectivities remained below 80% ee. In this study, the reaction conditions were optimized by determining the optimal capsule loading and HCl content. Additionally, it was found that alcohol additives increase the enantioselectivity of the capsule-catalysed reaction. As a result, we report enantioselectivities of up to 92% ee for iminium-catalysed 1,4-reductions relying on proline as the sole chiral source. This is of high interest, as proline is unable to deliver high enantioselectivities for 1,4-reductions in a regular solution setting. Investigations into the role of the alcohol additive revealed a dual role: it not only slowed down the background reaction but also increased the capsule-catalysed reaction rate.
Iridium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Isomerization of Primary Allylic Alcohols Using MaxPHOX Ligands: Experimental and Theoretical Study
Cabré, Albert,Gar?on, Martí,Gallen, Albert,Grisoni, Lorenzo,Grabulosa, Arnald,Verdaguer, Xavier,Riera, Antoni
, p. 4112 - 4120 (2020/07/04)
The asymmetric isomerization of primary allylic alcohols to chiral aldehydes using iridium-catalysts bearing P,N-MaxPHOX ligands has been studied. These catalysts can be fine-tuned as they present three different stereogenic centers to modulate both the reactivity and enantioselectivity of a family of different substrates. The experimental part is supported by a DFT study of the reaction mechanism, which provides new insights into the key steps of this transformation.
An umpolung approach to the hydroboration of pyridines: A novel and efficient synthesis of: N -H 1,4-dihydropyridines
Yang, Huan,Zhang, Li,Zhou, Fei-Yu,Jiao, Lei
, p. 742 - 747 (2020/01/31)
The first inverse hydroboration of pyridine with a diboron(4) compound and a proton source has been realized under simple basic and catalyst-free conditions. This process consists of a formal boryl anion addition to pyridine, which produces an N-boryl pyridyl anion complex, and the subsequent protonation of the anion complex. This process enables a simple and efficient method for the synthesis of multi-substituted N-H 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) derivatives that are difficult to prepare using established methods. Furthermore, this method allows for facile preparation of 4-deuterated 1,4-DHPs from an easily accessible deuterium ion source. This inverse hydroboration reaction represents a new mode for pyridine functionalization.
1, 4-dihydropyridine bifunctional chiral catalyst and preparation method and application thereof
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Paragraph 0085-0088, (2019/06/30)
The invention belongs to the field of organic catalysis, and discloses a novel 1, 4-dihydropyridine bifunctional chiral catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The general chemicalstructure formula of the chiral catalyst is shown in formula (I) as shown in specification. According to the invention, a 1, 4-dihydropyridine derivative and a chiral tetrahydropyrrole derivative areused as raw materials, and finally, the novel 1, 4-dihydropyridine bifunctional chiral catalyst is synthesized. The method has mild synthesis reaction conditions and high yield. The operation steps are simple, safe and reliable; the catalyst is environment-friendly, and can be applied to the fields of asymmetric catalytic transfer hydrogenation, chiral fine chemical synthesis, chiral drug or drugintermediate synthesis, chiral new materials, chiral functional molecule synthesis and the like; and the application prospect is wide.
Design and application of hybrid phosphorus ligands for enantioselective Rh-Catalyzed anti-markovnikov hydroformylation of unfunctionalized 1,1-disubstituted Alkenes
You, Cai,Li, Shuailong,Li, Xiuxiu,Lan, Jialing,Yang, Yuhong,Chung, Lung Wa,Lv, Hui,Zhang, Xumu
supporting information, p. 4977 - 4981 (2018/04/24)
A series of novel hybrid phosphorus ligands were designed and applied to the Rh-catalyzed enantioselective anti-Markovnikov hydroformylation of unfunctionalized 1,1-disubstituted alkenes. By employing the new catalyst, linear aldehydes with β-chirality can be prepared with high yields and enantioselectivities under mild conditions. Furthermore, catalyst loading as low as 0.05 mol % furnished the desired product in good yield and undiminished selectivity, demonstrating the efficiency of this transformation in large-scale synthesis.
CuH-Catalyzed Asymmetric Reduction of α,β-Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids to β-Chiral Aldehydes
Zhou, Yujing,Bandar, Jeffrey S.,Liu, Richard Y.,Buchwald, Stephen L.
supporting information, p. 606 - 609 (2018/01/26)
The copper hydride (CuH)-catalyzed enantioselective reduction of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids to saturated aldehydes is reported. This protocol provides a new method to access a variety of β-chiral aldehydes in good yields, with high levels of enantioselectivity and broad functional group tolerance. A reaction pathway involving a ketene intermediate is proposed based on preliminary mechanistic studies and density functional theory calculations.
Iminium Catalysis inside a Self-Assembled Supramolecular Capsule: Scope and Mechanistic Studies
Br?uer, Thomas M.,Zhang, Qi,Tiefenbacher, Konrad
, p. 17500 - 17507 (2017/12/15)
Although iminium catalysis has become an important tool in organic chemistry, its combination with supramolecular host systems has remained largely unexplored. We report the detailed investigations into the first example of iminium catalysis inside a supramolecular host. In the case of 1,4-reductions of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, catalytic amounts of host are able to increase the enantiomeric excess of the products formed. Several control experiments were performed and provided strong evidence that the modulation of enantiomeric excess of the reaction product indeed stems from a reaction on the inside of the capsule. The origin of the increased enantioselectivity in the capsule was investigated. Furthermore, the substrate and nucleophile scope were studied. Kinetic investigations as well as the kinetic isotope effect measured confirmed that the hydride delivery to the substrate is the rate-determining step inside the capsule. The exploration of benzothiazolidines as alternative hydride sources revealed an unexpected substitution effect of the hydride source itself. The results presented confirm that the noncovalent combination of supramolecular hosts with iminium catalysis is opening up new exciting possibilities to increase enantioselectivity in challenging reactions.
Catalyst-Controlled Multicomponent Aziridination of Chiral Aldehydes
Mukherjee, Munmun,Zhou, Yubai,Dai, Yijing,Gupta, AniL K.,Pulgam, V. Reddy,Staples, Richard J.,Wulff, William D.
, p. 2552 - 2556 (2017/03/06)
A highly diastereoselective and enantioselective method for the multicomponent aziridination of chiral aldehydes has been developed with BOROX catalysts of the VANOL (3,3′-diphenyl-2,2′-bi-1-naphthol) and VAPOL (2,2′-diphenyl-(4-biphenanthrol)) ligands. Very high to perfect catalyst control is observed with most all substrates examined including aldehydes with chiral centers in the α- and β-positions. High catalyst control was also observed for a number of chiral heterocyclic aldehydes allowing for the preparation of epoxy aziridines, bis(aziridines) and ethylene diaziridines. Application of this reaction in the synthesis of β3-homo-d-alloisoleucine and β3-homo-l-isoleucine is reported.
Iminium Catalysis inside a Self-Assembled Supramolecular Capsule: Modulation of Enantiomeric Excess
Br?uer, Thomas M.,Zhang, Qi,Tiefenbacher, Konrad
, p. 7698 - 7701 (2016/07/07)
The noncovalent combination of a supramolecular host with iminium organocatalysis is described. Due to cation–π interactions the reactive iminium species is held inside the host and reacts in this confined environment. The products formed differ up to 92 % ee from the control experiments without added host. A model rationalizing the observed difference is presented.
Copper-Catalyzed Enantioselective Conjugate Addition to α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes with Various Organometallic Reagents
Goncalves-Contal, Sylvie,Gremaud, Ludovic,Palais, La?titia,Babel, Lucille,Alexakis, Alexandre
, p. 3301 - 3308 (2016/09/12)
β-Substituted aldehydes constitute a very important class of compounds found in nature. Synthesis of this motif can be envisioned by C-C bond formation on enals. For this purpose, we report herein the development of enantioselective copper-catalyzed conjugate addition of various organometallic reagents to α,β-unsaturated aldehydes with (R)-H8BINAP, (R)-TolBINAP, and (R)-SEGPHOS as chiral ligands. Three sets of conditions were successfully developed and several enals were used. Reactivity and regio- and enantioselectivities were strongly dependent on reaction conditions and substrates. Good to excellent regio- and enantioselectivities were obtained with zinc reagents R2Zn and aluminum reagents R3Al. However, the asymmetric conjugate addition of Grignard reagents afforded only moderate to good regio- and enantioselectivities.
