4237-37-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Catalyst-Controlled Regioselective Chlorination of Phenols and Anilines through a Lewis Basic Selenoether Catalyst
Dinh, Andrew N.,Maddox, Sean M.,Vaidya, Sagar D.,Saputra, Mirza A.,Nalbandian, Christopher J.,Gustafson, Jeffrey L.
, p. 13895 - 13905 (2020/11/03)
We report a highly efficient ortho-selective electrophilic chlorination of phenols utilizing a Lewis basic selenoether catalyst. The selenoether catalyst resulted in comparable selectivities to our previously reported bis-thiourea ortho-selective catalyst, with a catalyst loading as low as 1%. The new catalytic system also allowed us to extend this chemistry to obtain excellent ortho-selectivities for unprotected anilines. The selectivities of this reaction are up to >20:1 ortho/para, while the innate selectivities for phenols and anilines are approximately 1:4 ortho/para. A series of preliminary studies revealed that the substrates require a hydrogen-bonding moiety for selectivity.
Ammonium Salt-Catalyzed Highly Practical Ortho-Selective Monohalogenation and Phenylselenation of Phenols: Scope and Applications
Xiong, Xiaodong,Yeung, Ying-Yeung
, p. 4033 - 4043 (2018/05/22)
An ortho-selective ammonium chloride salt-catalyzed direct C-H monohalogenation of phenols and 1,1′-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) with 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DCDMH) as the chlorinating agent has been developed. The catalyst loading was low (down to 0.01 mol %) and the reaction conditions were very mild. A wide range of substrates including BINOLs were compatible with this catalytic protocol. Chlorinated BINOLs are useful synthons for the synthesis of a wide range of unsymmetrical 3-aryl BINOLs that are not easily accessible. In addition, the same catalytic system can facilitate the ortho-selective selenylation of phenols.
Toward a Catalytic Atroposelective Synthesis of Diaryl Ethers Through C(sp 2)-H Alkylation with Nitroalkanes
Dinh, Andrew N.,Noorbehesht, Ryan R.,Toenjes, Sean T.,Jackson, Amy C.,Saputra, Mirza A.,Maddox, Sean M.,Gustafson, Jeffrey L.
supporting information, p. 2155 - 2160 (2018/09/29)
We report studies toward a small-molecule-catalytic approach to access atropisomeric diaryl ethers that proceeds through a C(sp 2)-H alkylation using nitroalkanes as the alkyl source. A quaternary ammonium salt derived from quinine, containing
The Catalyst-Controlled Regiodivergent Chlorination of Phenols
Maddox, Sean M.,Dinh, Andrew N.,Armenta, Felipe,Um, Joann,Gustafson, Jeffrey L.
supporting information, p. 5476 - 5479 (2016/11/17)
Different catalysts are demonstrated to overcome or augment a substrate's innate regioselectivity. Nagasawa's bis-thiourea catalyst was found to overcome the innate para-selectivity of electrophilic phenol chlorination, yielding ortho-chlorinated phenols that are not readily obtainable via canonical electrophilic chlorinations. Conversely, a phosphine sulfide derived from 2,2′-Bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl (BINAP) was found to enhance the innate para-preference of phenol chlorination.
2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine-catalyzed, ortho-selective chlorination of phenols by sulfuryl chloride
Saper, Noam I.,Snider, Barry B.
, p. 809 - 813 (2014/04/03)
2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidine (TMP)-catalyzed (1- 10%) chlorinations of phenols by SO2Cl2 in aromatic solvents are more ortho selective than with primary and less hindered secondary amine catalysts. Ortho-selective chlorination is successful even with electron deficient phenols such as 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 2'- hydroxyacetophenone. Notably, ortho selectivity increases with the reaction temperature. On the other hand, tetraalkylammonium chloride-catalyzed chlorinations are moderately para selective.
Awakening a dormant catalyst: Salicylaldimine systems for ethene/tert-butylstyrene copolymerization
Theaker, Giles W.,Morton, Colin,Scott, Peter
supporting information; experimental part, p. 6883 - 6885 (2009/04/13)
A group of readily available zirconium catalysts incapable of ethene-co-styrene polymerization are remarkably active and selective for the production of the new polymer ethene-co-tert-butylstyrene via a single site mechanism.
