4440-16-8Relevant articles and documents
Exploration of the Role of Double Schiff Bases as Catalytic Intermediates in the Knoevenagel Reaction of Furanic Aldehydes: Mechanistic Considerations
Van Schijndel, Jack,Canalle, Luiz Alberto,Molendijk, Dennis,Meuldijk, Jan
supporting information, p. 1983 - 1988 (2018/09/18)
This paper presents mechanistic considerations on an efficient, green, and solvent-free Knoevenagel procedure for the chemical transformation of furanic aldehydes into their corresponding α,β-unsaturated compounds. In the proposed mechanism furanic aldehydes react with ammonia, released from ammonium salts, to form a catalytically active double Schiff base. The catalytic intermediates involved in the condensation step are characterized.
CO2 absorbing cost-effective ionic liquid for synthesis of commercially important alpha cyanoacrylic acids: A safe process for activation of cyanoacetic acid
Sharma, Yogesh O.,Degani, Mariam S.
scheme or table, p. 526 - 530 (2010/04/23)
Cost-effective and carbon dioxide absorbing ionic liquid, tri-(2-hydroxyethyl) ammonium acetate, was shown to perform multiple roles in Knoevenagel condensation. It acted as an environmentally benign solvent, as an activating catalyst for the less reactive cyanoacetic acid and also as a risk reduction medium for the unevenly generated large amount of CO2 gas for large scale reactions. The reaction was scaled up for multi-gram synthesis of commercially important alpha cyanoacrylic acids.
Solvent-free bentonite-catalyzed condensation of malonic acid and aromatic aldehydes under microwave irradiation
Loupy, Andre,Song, Suk-Jin,Sohn, Sun-Mee,Lee, Young-Mee,Kwon, Tae-Woo
, p. 1220 - 1222 (2007/10/03)
Solvent-free condensation between malonic acid and aromatic aldehydes in the presence of bentonite was investigated. Various diacids were obtained in good to moderate yields and in very short short reaction times under microwave irradiation. The method showed simplicity in performance, non-aqueous work-up, no side products and low cost.