477881-01-9

Upstream product

• 577-71-9 3,4-dinitophenol 
• 98-88-4 benzoyl chloride 

Downstream Products

• 776-75-0 N-benzoylpiperidine 
• 60154-37-2 3,4-dinitrophenoxide ion 
• 65-85-0 benzoic acid 
• 613-90-1 benzoyl cyanide 
• 577-71-9 3,4-dinitophenol 
• 613-94-5 benzoic acid hydrazide 
• 1145-32-0 N-(N'-benzoyl-2-aminoethanoyl)-2-aminoethanoic acid 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Kinetics and mechanism of nucleophilic displacement reactions of Y-substituted phenyl benzoates with cyanide Ion

Second-order rate constants (kCN-) have been measured for nucleophilic substitution reactions of Y-substituted phenyl benzoates (1a-r) with CN- ion in 80 mol % H2O/20 mol % DMSO at 25.0 ± 0.1 °C. The Bronsted-type plot is linear with βlg = -0.49, a typical βlg value for reactions reported to proceed through a concerted mechanism. Hammett plots correlated with σo and σ-constants exhibit many scattered points. In contrast, the Yukawa-Tsuno plot for the same reaction exhibits excellent linearity with pY = 1.37 and r = 0.34, indicating that a negative charge develops partially on the oxygen atom of the leaving aryloxide in the rate-determining step (RDS). Although two different mechanisms are plausible (i.e., a concerted mechanism and a stepwise pathway in which expulsion of the leaving group occurs at the RDS), the reaction has been concluded to proceed through a concerted mechanism on the basis of the magnitude of βlg and pY values.

Aminolysis of Y-substituted phenyl X-substituted benzoates with piperidine: Effect of nonleaving group substituent

The title reaction has been suggested to proceed through a zwitterionic tetrahedral intermediate with a change in the rate determining step on the basis of the curved Bronsted-type plots obtained. The curvature center of the curved Bronsted-type plots is at pKa = 6.4 regardless of the electronic nature of the substituent X in the benzoyl moiety.

Structure-reactivity correlations in nucleophilic substitution reactions of Y-substituted phenyl X-substituted benzoates with anionic and neutral nucleophiles

A kinetic study is reported for the reactions of 4-nitrophenyl X-substituted benzoates (1a-l) and Y-substituted phenyl benzoates (2a-l) with two anionic nucleophiles (OH- and CN-) and three amines (piperidine, hydrazine, and glycylglycine) in 80 mol% H2O-20 mol% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) at 25.0 ± 0.1 °C. Each Hammett plot exhibits two intersecting straight lines for the reactions of 1a-l with the anionic nucleophiles and piperidine, while the Yukawa-Tsuno plots for the same reactions are linear. The Hammett plots for the reactions of 2a-l with hydrazine and glycylglycine demonstrate much better linear correlations with σ- constants than with σ° or σ constants, indicating that the leaving group departure occurs at the rate determining step (RDS). On the contrary, σ- constants result in poorer Hammett correlation than σ° constants for the corresponding reactions with OH- and CN-, indicating that the leaving group departure occurs after the RDS for the reactions with the anionic nucleophiles. The large ρX value (1.7 ± 0.1) obtained for the reactions of 1a-l with the anionic nucleophiles supports the proposal that the reactions proceed through an addition intermediate with its formation being the RDS. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2006.

Aminolysis of 2,4-dinitrophenyl X-substituted benzoates and Y-substituted phenyl benzoates in MeCN: Effect of the reaction medium on rate and mechanism

Second-order rate constants (kN) have been determined spectrophotometrically for the reactions of 2,4-di-nitrophenyl X-substituted benzoates (1a-f) and Y-substituted phenyl benzoates (2a-h) with a series of alicyclic secondary amines in MeCN at