4808-48-4Relevant articles and documents
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Watanabe et al.
, p. 242 (1968)
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Choline hydroxide promoted sustainable one-pot three-component synthesis of 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyridazine-2-carbonitriles under solvent-free conditions
Vajekar, Shailesh N.,Shankarling, Ganapati S.
supporting information, p. 1147 - 1158 (2020/03/30)
A sustainable one-pot three-component synthesis of novel 1H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyridazine-2-carbonitrile derivatives employing a highly efficient, biodegradable, and recyclable choline hydroxide catalyst under solvent-free conditions is demonstrated. The salient features of this protocol are simple workup, mild reaction conditions, short reaction time (10 min), excellent yields (up to 97%), high atom economy, column chromatography-free protocol, and eco-friendliness. Interestingly, the choline hydroxide was recycled up to five cycles without any considerable loss of efficiency. The structures of the products were deduced by their 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRLC-MS spectra.
Direct cycle between co-product and reactant: An approach to improve the atom economy and its application in the synthesis and protection of primary amines
Guan, Qi,Jiang, Mingyang,Wu, Junhui,Zhai, Yanpeng,Wu, Yue,Bao, Kai,Zhang, Weige
supporting information, p. 5794 - 5799 (2016/11/06)
Two important goals of green chemistry are to maximize the efficiency of reactants and to minimize the production of waste. In this study, a novel approach to improve the atom economy of a chemical process was developed by incorporating a direct cycle between a co-product and a reactant of the same reaction. To demonstrate this concept, recoverable 3,4-diphenylmaleic anhydride (1) was designed and used for the atom-economical synthesis of aliphatic primary amines from aqueous ammonia. In each individual cycle, only ammonia and alkyl halide were consumed, and 1 was recovered in nearly a quantitative yield. In this approach for developing atom-economical protecting agents, 1 showed good performance as a recoverable protecting agent for primary amines. The broad substrate scope, good tolerance to various reaction conditions, and high reaction and recovery rates make 1 a valuable complement to conventional primary amine protecting agents.
