50-12-4 Usage
Description
Mephenytoin is N-methylated at position 3 with an ethyl group replacing one of the phenyl substituents at position 5.
It is indicated for focal and jacksonian seizures in patients refractory to less toxic AEDs. Mephenytoin produces more sedation
than phenytoin and should be used only when safer drugs have failed, because it is associated with an increased incidence of
serious toxicities, such as severe rash, agranulocytosis, and hepatitis. Its N-desmethyl metabolite, 5-phenyl-
5-ethylhydantoin, contributes to both efficacy and toxicity for mephenytoin. The drug is no longer commercially available inside
but is still available outside the United States.
Originator
Mesantoin,Sandoz
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 50-12-4 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Anticonvulsant.
2. rac-Mephenytoin is an anticonvulsant agent.
Manufacturing Process
23 parts sodium was dissolved in 300 parts of ethanol and added to 160 parts of 5-phenylcyanacetamide in 750 parts of ethanol. A mixture was cooled straight away and a sodium salt of amide precipitated as a white powder. 200 parts of ethyl iodide was added to this mixture and heated for 1.5 hours. The ethanol was distilled off, water was added to the residue and rapidly hardened oil precipitated. After recrystallization from ethanol, 5-ethyl-5- phenylacetamide afforded; MP: 116°C.100 parts of sodium hydroxide was solved in 500 parts of water and added to
83 parts of bromine by cooling. 5-Ethyl-5-phenylacetamide was added to
above prepared mixture. It dissolved quickly, whereupon all mass was heated
some time, cooled and stood at room temperature some hours. Then a
solution of sodium bisulfite was added before the formed precipitate dissolved.
The reaction mixture was filtered, the filtrate was acidified to give rapidly
hardened oil. After recrystallization from ethanol 5-ethyl-3-methyl-5-phenylhydantoin was yielded as the bright needles; MP: 201°-202°C.
Brand name
Mesantoin (Novartis).
Therapeutic Function
Anticonvulsant, Antiepileptic
Biological Activity
CYP2C19 substrate. Anticonvulsant.
Biochem/physiol Actions
CYP2B6 and CYP2C19 substrate; anticonvulsive, antiepileptic.
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion and
intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic
effects by ingestion: somnolence,
hemorrhage, changes in teeth and
supporting structures. Human mutation data
reported. An experimental teratogen. An
FDA proprietary drug used as an
anticonvulsant. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 50-12-4 includes 5 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 2 digits, 5 and 0 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 1 and 2 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 50-12:
(4*5)+(3*0)+(2*1)+(1*2)=24
24 % 10 = 4
So 50-12-4 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C12H14N2O2/c1-3-12(9-7-5-4-6-8-9)10(15)14(2)11(16)13-12/h4-8H,3H2,1-2H3,(H,13,16)
50-12-4Relevant articles and documents
Palladium Catalyzed C-Arylation of Amino Acid Derived Hydantoins
Fernández-Nieto, Fernando,Mas Roselló, Josep,Lenoir, Simone,Hardy, Simon,Clayden, Jonathan
, p. 3838 - 3841 (2015/08/18)
Palladium(II) trifluoroacetate (5 mol %) catalyzes the C-arylation of N,N-disubstituted hydantoins by aryl iodides in good yield. The reaction proceeds through base-promoted enolization of the amino acid derived hydantoins, and the resulting 5,5-disubstituted hydantoins may be deprotected at one or both N atoms to yield biologically active structures or alternatively hydrolyzed to the parent α-aryl α-amino acids. The reaction is successful with a variety of parent amino acids and a range of electron-rich and electron-poor aryl iodides.
Intramolecular arylation of amino acid enolates
Atkinson, Rachel C.,Leonard, Daniel J.,Maury, Julien,Castagnolo, Daniele,Volz, Nicole,Clayden, Jonathan
supporting information, p. 9734 - 9736 (2013/10/21)
Dianionic enolates formed from N′-aryl urea derivatives of amino acids undergo intramolecular C-arylation by attack of the enolate anion on the N′-aryl ring, leading to a hydantoin derivative of a quaternary amino acid. In situ IR studies allow identification of four intermediates on the reaction pathway.
Chromatographic Resolutions of Racemates, XI. Comparison of Optically Active Polyamides and Cellulose Triacetate
Blaschke, Gottfried,Kraft, Horst Peter,Markgraf, Hildegunde
, p. 3611 - 3617 (2007/10/02)
On optically active polyacrylic and polymethacrylic amides (1a-e) as well as on microcrystalline cellulose triacetate (2), numerous racemates including drugs are separated at least partially, the amide 4f completely on cellulose triacetate.By repeated chromatography on the polyamide 1a, (+)- and (-)-mandelic acid (4a) and (+)-hexobarbital (9d) also were obtained optically pure.