5160-10-1

Upstream product

• 22352-19-8 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl acetate 
• 18464-08-9 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-glucopyranose 
• 3616-19-1 1,2,3,6,2',3',4',6'-octa-O-acetylmaltose 
• 6920-00-9 D-maltose octaacetate 
• 20764-63-0 β-cellobioseoctaacetate 
• 3616-19-1 lactose octaacetate 
• 108-24-7 acetic anhydride 
• 5965-66-2 LACTOSE 
• 18464-08-9 2,3,6,2',3',4',6'-hepta-O-acetyl-lactose 
• 3616-19-1 Octa-O-acetyl-β-D-maltose 
• 3616-19-1 1',2',3',6',2,3,4,6-octa-O-acetyl-β-D-lactose 
• 18464-08-9 2',3',4',6'-tetra-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1->4)-2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranose 
• 69-79-4 D-maltose 

Downstream Products

• 744-05-8 methyl beta-D-maltoside 
• 77110-60-2 Pentachlorophenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside 
• 141243-29-0 3,5-Dimethoxy-4-4)-2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy>acetophenone 
• 130184-91-7 3-methoxy-4-4)-2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy>acetophenone 
• 53669-33-3 4-acetoxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde 
• 3616-19-1 1,2,3,6,2',3',4',6'-octa-O-acetylmaltose 
• 141243-30-3 3,5-Dimethoxy-4-4)-2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyloxy>benzaldehyde 
• 121401-76-1 7,2'',3'',6'',2''',3''',4''',6'''-octa-O-acetyl-2,3,4',5',6',7'-hexa-O-benzylvalidamycin E 
• 82805-15-0 C₆₂H₆₆O₁₁ 
• 147568-04-5 2-((2',3',6',2'',3'',4'',6''-hepta-O-acetyl-β-maltosyl)oxy)benzaldehyde 
• 5346-81-6 phenyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-thio-β-D-glucopyranoside 
• 104952-93-4 4-carboxymethyl-2-nitrobenzyl 2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-4-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside 
• 124857-55-2 di-(2-nitrobenzyl) 3β-4)-O-(2,3,6-tri-O-acetyl-β-D-glucopyranosyl)>-2β-hydroxy-Δ¹²-oleanene-23,28-dioate 
• 87817-41-2 4-nitrophenyl 2,3,6,2',3',4',6'-hepta-O-acetyl-1-thio-β-maltoside 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Synthesis of C-Oligosaccharides through Versatile C(sp3)?H Glycosylation of Glycosides

C-oligosaccharides are pharmacologically relevant because they are more hydrolysis-resistant than O-oligosaccharides. Despite indisputable advances, C-oligosaccharides continue to be underdeveloped, likely due to a lack of efficient and selective strategies for the assembly of the interglycosidic C?C linkages. In contrast, we, herein, report a versatile and robust strategy for the synthesis of structurally complex C-oligosaccharides via catalyzed C(sp3)?H activations. Thus, a wealth of complex interglycosidic (2→1)- and (1→1)-C-oligosaccharides becomes readily available by palladium-catalyzed C(sp3)?H glycoside glycosylation. The isolation of key palladacycle intermediates and experiments with isotopically-labeled compounds identified a trans-stereoselectivity for the C(sp3)?H glycosylation. The glycoside C(sp3)?H activation manifold was likewise exploited for the diversification of furanoses, pyranoses and disaccharides.

Design, Synthesis, biological investigations and molecular interactions of triazole linked tacrine glycoconjugates as Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with reduced hepatotoxicity

Tacrine is a known Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors having hepatotoxicity as main liability associated with it. The present study aims to reduce its hepatotoxicity by synthesizing tacrine linked triazole glycoconjugates via Huisgen's [3 + 2] cycloaddition of anomeric azides and terminal acetylenes derived from tacrine. A series of triazole based glycoconjugates containing both acetylated (A-1 to A-7) and free sugar hydroxyl groups (A-8 to A-14) at the amino position of tacrine were synthesized in good yield taking aid from molecular docking studies and evaluated for their in vitro AChE inhibition activity as well as hepatotoxicity. All the hybrids were found to be non-toxic on HePG2 cell line at 200 μM (100 % cell viability) as compared to tacrine (35 % cell viability) after 24 h of incubation period. Enzyme kinetic studies carried out for one of the potent hybrids in the series A-1 (IC50 0.4 μM) revealed its mixed inhibition approach. Thus, compound A-1 can be used as principle template to further explore the mechanism of action of different targets involved in Alzheimer's disease (AD) which stands as an adequate chemical probe to be launched in an AD drug discovery program.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of 3β-O-neoglycosides of caudatin and its analogues as potential anticancer agents

In order to study the structure–activity relationship (SAR) of C21-steroidal glycosides toward human cancer cell lines and explore more potential anticancer agents, a series of 3β-O-neoglycosides of caudatin and its analogues were synthesized. The results revealed that most of peracetylated 3β-O-monoglycosides demonstrated moderate to significant antiproliferative activities against four human cancer cell lines (MCF-7, HCT-116, HeLa, and HepG2). Among them, 3β-O-(2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-β-L-glucopyranosyl)-caudatin (2k) exhibited the highest antiproliferative activity aganist HepG2 cells with an IC50 value of 3.11 μM. Mechanical studies showed that compound 2k induced both apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S phase in a dose dependent manner. Overall, these present findings suggested that glycosylation is a promising scaffold to improve anticancer activity for naturally occurring C21-steroidal aglycones, and compound 2k represents a potential anticancer agent deserved further investigation.

Halogenation and anomerization of glycopyranoside by TESH/bromine and BHQ/bromine

Treatment of peracetylated glycosides and β-isopropyl glycosides with halogen in the presence of TESH and BHQ has been found to result in the halogenation and the anomerization, respectively. Peracetylatedglycosides treaded with I2/TESH or Br2/TESH leading tothe formation of corresponding glycosyl halides, and b-isopropyl glycosidesreacted with Br2/BHQ resulting in the formation of a-glycosides. The anomerizationof glycosidic bond was considered to be catalyzed by in situ formation of hydrogenbromide from the mixing of Br2/BHQ.

Synthesis and antimicrobial studies of novel n-glycosyl hydrazino carbothioamide

In view of applications of N-glycosylated compounds in medicinal chemistry and in many other ways, herein the synthesis of novel N-glycosyl hydrazino carbothioamides is reported. New N-glycosyl hydrazino carbothioamides were synthesized by the condensation of per-O-acetyl glycosyl isothiocyanate with different aromatic hydrazides. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by using the IR, 1H NMR and mass spectral studies. Antimicrobial evaluation of the synthesized N-glycosyl hydrazino carbothioamide was also examined. Antimicrobial activities of the synthesized compound were evaluated against bacteria E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, S. pyogenus and fungi C. albicans, A. niger and A. clavatus. All the N-glycosyl hydrazino carbothioamides exhibit promising antimicrobial activity.

Chemical synthesis of 5’-β-glycoconjugates of vitamin B6

Various 5’-β-saccharides of pyridoxine, namely the mannoside, galactoside, arabinoside, maltoside, cellobioside and glucuronide, were synthesized chemically according to KOENIGS-KNORR conditions using α4,3-O-isopropylidene pyridoxine and the respective acetobromo glycosyl donors with AgOTf (3.0 eq.) and NIS (3.0 eq.) as promoters at 0 °C. Furthermore, 5’-β-[13C6]-labeled pyridoxine glucoside (PNG) was prepared starting from [13C6]-glucose and pyridoxine. Additionally, two strategies were examined for the synthesis of 5’-β-pyridoxal glucoside (PLG).

Design, synthesis of oleanolic acid-saccharide conjugates using click chemistry methodology and study of their anti-influenza activity

The development of entry inhibitors is an emerging approach to the inhibition of influenza virus. In our previous research, oleanolic acid (OA) was discovered as a mild influenza hemagglutinin (HA) inhibitor. Herein, as a further study, we report the preparation of a series of OA-saccharide conjugates via the CuAAC reaction, and the anti-influenza activity of these compounds was evaluated in vitro. Among them, compound 11b, an OA-glucose conjugate, showed a significantly increased anti-influenza activity with an IC50 of 5.47 μM, and no obvious cytotoxic effect on MDCK cells was observed at 100 μM. Hemagglutination inhibition assay and docking experiment indicated that 11b might interfere with influenza virus infection by acting on HA protein. Broad-spectrum anti-influenza experiments showed 11b to be robustly potent against 5 different strains, including influenza A and B viruses, with IC50 values at the low-micromole level. Overall, this finding further extends the utility of OA-saccharide conjugates in anti-influenza virus drug design.

Controlling the Kinetics of Self-Reproducing Micelles by Catalyst Compartmentalization in a Biphasic System

Compartmentalization of reactions is ubiquitous in biochemistry. Self-reproducing lipids are widely studied as chemical models of compartmentalized biological systems. Here, we explore the effect of catalyst location on copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloadditions which drive the self-reproduction of micelles from phase-separated components. Tuning the hydrophilicity of the copper-ligand complex, so that hydro-phobic or -philic catalysts are used in combination with hydro-philic and -phobic coupling partners, provides a wide range of reactivity patterns. Analysis of the kinetic data shows that reactions with a hydrophobic catalyst are faster than with a hydrophilic catalyst. Diffusion-ordered spectroscopy experiments suggest compartmentalization of the hydrophobic catalyst inside micelles while the hydrophilic catalyst remains in the bulk aqueous phase. The autocatalytic effects observed can be tuned by varying reactant structure and coupling a hydrophilic alkyne and hydrophobic azide results in a more pronounced autocatalytic effect. We propose and test a model that rationalizes the observations in terms of the phase behavior of the reaction components and catalysts.

Preparation and functional analysis of gossypols having two carbohydrate appendages with enaminooxy linkages

We developed new gossypol (Gos)-based glycoconjugates through dehydration condensation of native Gos and chemically modified glycosides having aminooxy groups. The resultant glycoconjugates (glycoGos) were resistant to hydrolysis, although they were light-sensitive and slowly decomposed even under indoor lighting. The glycoGos also exhibited improved water solubility compared with native Gos, but their saturated concentrations in water were still low (6.4–17 μM), due to their hydrophobic naphthyl rings. We also carried out WST-8 assays to assess the anticancer activity of the glycoGos on DLD-1 and HepG2 cells and found that the glycoGos having β-lactosides and having β-galactosides (specific ligands for asialoglycoprotein receptors) showed enhanced anticancer activity on HepG2 cells.

Evaluation of anti α-d-Glc: P -(1→4)-α-d-Glc p (GAGA4) IgM antibodies as a biomarker for multiple sclerosis

The correct diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) remains challenging due to the complex pathophysiological and clinical characteristics of the disease. Consequently, there has been immense interest in finding a non-invasive diagnostic test for MS. Recent studies found that serum anti-α-d-Glcp-(1→4)-α-d-Glcp (GAGA4) IgM antibodies were upregulated in MS patients, and this finding led to the development of a commercial diagnostic test (gMS Dx test), although the test has poor selectivity and has not been independently validated. Herein, we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to evaluate the use and reliability of several anti-glucose IgM antibodies, including those against GAGA4, as diagnostic biomarkers for MS. In contrast to previous studies, our results show that serum anti-GAGA4 IgM antibody levels are not significantly higher in MS patients, which could potentially explain the poor selectivity of the commercial test.