5395-01-7

Basic information

• Product Name: 2-hydroxyethyl carbamate
• Synonyms: HYDROXYETHYLCARBAMATE;Carbamic acid 2-hydroxyethyl;Carbamic acid 2-hydroxyethyl ester
• CAS NO: 5395-01-7
• Molecular Formula: C₃H₇NO₃
• Molecular Weight: 105.11
• EINECS: 226-405-4
• Mol File: 5395-01-7.mol
• Article Data: 7

Chemical Properties

• Boiling Point: 197.09°C (rough estimate)
• Flash Point: 148.2°C
• Appearance: /
• Density: 1.3895 (rough estimate)
• Vapor Pressure: 2.38E-05mmHg at 25°C
• Refractive Index: 1.4368 (estimate)
• CAS DataBase Reference: 2-hydroxyethyl carbamate(CAS DataBase Reference)
• NIST Chemistry Reference: 2-hydroxyethyl carbamate(5395-01-7)
• EPA Substance Registry System: 2-hydroxyethyl carbamate(5395-01-7)

Safety Data

• Hazardous Substances Data: 5395-01-7(Hazardous Substances Data)

Usage

General Description

2-hydroxyethyl carbamate is a chemical compound with the formula C3H7NO3. It is a carbamate derivative, which is a type of compound containing the carbamate functional group. 2-hydroxyethyl carbamate is commonly used as a reagent in organic synthesis and as a ligand for coordination chemistry. It is highly soluble in water and has a boiling point of about 188°C. 2-hydroxyethyl carbamate is considered to be relatively stable and is not known to be highly toxic or harmful to human health at normal levels of exposure. It is also used as a stabilizer for PVC and other polymers. Overall, 2-hydroxyethyl carbamate is a versatile chemical with a wide range of applications in various industries.

InChI:InChI=1/C3H7NO3/c4-3(6)7-2-1-5/h5H,1-2H2,(H2,4,6)

Upstream product

• 96-49-1 [1,3]-dioxolan-2-one 
• 107-21-1 ethylene glycol 
• 57-13-6 urea 
• 7664-41-7 ammonia 
• 7732-18-5 water 

Downstream Products

• 112990-23-5 phthalic acid mono-(2-carbamoyloxy-ethyl ester) 
• 2114-18-3 2-chloroethyl carbamate 
• 19150-42-6 ethane-1,2-diyl dicarbamate 
• 41142-09-0 (3,4-Dichloro-benzenesulfonyl)-(2-hydroxy-ethoxycarbonylamino)-acetic acid 
• 497-25-6 dimethylenecyclourethane 

Relevant articles and documents

Highly synergistic effect of ionic liquids and Zn-based catalysts for synthesis of cyclic carbonates from urea and diols

The development of stable and efficient catalysts is an attractive topic for green chemistry reactions under mild reaction conditions. In order to improve solvent-free synthesis of cyclic carbonates from urea and diols, a binary catalyst systems of Zn-based and different ionic liquids (ILs) were developed and examined in this study. The yield of ethylene carbonate (EC) could reach to 92.2% in the presence of C16mimCl/ZnCl2 catalyst. Through exploring the structure-activity relationships of cation and anion, it was confirmed that a synergistic effect of cation and anion of catalyst had important influences on urea alcoholysis. Additionally, the controlling step of EC synthesis reaction involving the elimination of an ammonia molecule from intermediates had been revealed by in situ FT-IR. This could afford a guided insight for synthesizing cyclic carbonates with high yield. Furthermore, a possible mechanism for the catalytic process was proposed based on DFT and the experimental results via FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C NMR analysis, which revealed that not only a probable synergistic effects of cation-anion matters, but also C(2)-H of ILs and Zn2+ played a key role in accelerating the reaction of urea alcoholysis. This catalytic mechanism study is to provide a preliminary basis to develop novel catalysts for cyclic carbonates from urea and diols through a green synthetic pathway.

One-pot alkoxylation of phenols with urea and 1,2-glycols

A one-pot epoxide-free alkoxylation process has been developed for phenolic compounds. The process involves heating phenols and urea in 1,2-glycols at 170-190 °C using Na2CO3/ZnO as co-catalysts under atmospheric conditions. During the course of this new alkoxylation reaction, a five-membered ring cyclic carbonate intermediate, ethylene carbonate (EC) or propylene carbonate (PPC), was produced in-transit as the key intermediate and was subsequently consumed by phenols to form alkoxylated ether alcohols as final products in excellent yields. For instance, phenol, bisphenol A (BPA), hydroquinone and resorcinol were converted into their respective mono-alkoxylated ether alcohols on each of their phenolic groups in 80-95% isolated yields. In propoxylation of phenols, this approach shows great product selectivity favoring production of high secondary alcohols over primary alcohols in isomeric ratios of nearing 95/5. Since ammonia (NH3) and carbon dioxide (CO2) evolving from the reaction can be re-combined in theory into urea for re-use, the overall net-alkoxylation by this approach can be regarded as a simple condensation reaction of phenols with 1,2-glycols giving off water as its by-product. This one-pot process is simple, safe and environmentally friendlier than the conventional alkoxylated processes based on ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO). Moreover, this process is particularly well-suited for making short chain-length alkoxyether alcohols of phenols.

Steroids

Steroids of the formula STR1 wherein R1 to R4, X and n have the significance given in the description, which lower the intestinal resorption of cholesterol and plasma cholesterol and a process of making same from corresponding steroids having an alcohol residue of the formula --O--X--OH in the 3-position.