54654-48-7Relevant articles and documents
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Takeshita,H.,Mori,A.
, p. 2901 - 2902 (1974)
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A practical approach for the preparation of monofunctional azulenyl squaraine dye
Pham, Wellington,Weissleder, Ralph,Tung, Ching-Hsuan
, p. 3975 - 3978 (2007/10/03)
The synthesis of monofunctional azulenyl squaraine dye NIRQ700 is described. The essential azulene intermediate 3, 1-(methoxycarbonyl)-2-methylazulene, was achieved via [8+2] cycloaddition between lactone 2, 2H-3-methoxycarbonyl-cyclohepta[b]furan-2-one, and the in situ generated vinyl ethers under high temperature and pressure conditions. Methylation on the cycloheptatriene ring of 2-methyl azulene 6 via Meisenheimer-type intermediate following Schrott's method formed the carboxylic acid intermediate 9, 3-(2-methyl-azulen-4-yl)-propionic acid. Condensation of 9 with squaric acid provided the title compound NIRQ700 at moderate yields. The non-fluorescent squaraine dye NIRQ700 absorbed in a 600-700 nm range and potentially can be used to quench a number of available NIR fluorochromes in order to extend the spectrum of biological quenching assays.
Synthesis and Properties of Fluoroazulenes. II. Electrophilic Fluorination of Azulenes with N-Fluoro Reagents
Ueno, Tetsuya,Toda, Haruhiko,Yasunami, Masafumi,Yoshifuji, Masaaki
, p. 1645 - 1656 (2007/10/03)
1-Fluoro- and 1,3-difluoroazulenes were synthesized for the first time by the electrophilic fluorination of azulenes with N-fluoro reagents. Selective preparation of 1-fluoroazulenes were performed by the fluorination of methyl azulene-1-carboxylates, followed by demethoxycarbonylation in 100% H3PO4 2-Substituted azulenes were fluorinated in higher yields. In the 1HNMR of 1-fluoroazulene, long-range .JFH values were not observed at H-2 and H-8, in contrast to those for 1-fluoronaphthalene. The 1-fluorine atom causes significant bathochromic shifts in the visible absorption of azulene, due to the so-called +Iπ effect.