557-68-6Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Thermochemical study of the liquid phase equilibrium reaction of dihalomethanes by NMR spectroscopy
Dávalos,Lago,Baer, Tomas
, p. 230 - 234 (2005)
The liquid phase equilibrium reaction of dihalomethanes (2CH2BrI ? CH2Br2 + CH2I2) has been investigated by NMR spectroscopy, as a function of the temperature and initial concentration of the reactants. The equilibrium constants have been experimentally determined for this reaction from the profile of the NMR spectra. Heat capacity measurements were carried out in the temperature range from 293.15 to 353.15 K by differential scanning calorimetry. The results relate the heats of formation of the three compounds and confirm the recently determined heat of formation of CH2I2 of 107.5 kJ mol-1.
Kinetics of the Reactions of Halogenated Methyl Radicals with Molecular Bromine
Timonen, R. S.,Seetula, J. A.,Niiranen, J.,Gutman, D.
, p. 4009 - 4014 (2007/10/02)
The kinetics of seven reactions of halogenated methyl radicals (CH2Cl, CHCl2, CFCl2, CF2Cl, CF3, CH2Br, and CH2I) with molecular bromine were studied by using a heatable tubular reactor coupled to a photoionization mass spectrometer.Rate constants were measured as a function of temperature, typically between 296 and 532 K.Arrhenius activation energies were found to be small negative values (typically -2 kJ mol-1) for all reactions studied with the exception of that of the CF3 + Br2 reaction (whose activation energy is positive, but which could not determined accurately).The pattern of reactivity among 11 reactions of substituted methyl radicals with Br2 (which includes the 7 reactions studied here and 4 C(H)x(CH3)3-x + Br2 reactions (x = 0-3) studied earlier) has been accounted for by the inductive effect of the substituent atoms or groups.The sum of the Pauling electronegativities of these substituents provides a useful measure of their total inductive effect on the reaction rate constant.
Photodissiciation of a Molecule with Two Chromophores. CH2IBr
Lee, S. J.,Bersohn, R.
, p. 728 - 730 (2007/10/02)
When CH2IBr is dissociated with light in its first absorption band, which peaks at 258 nm, it is found that 86percent of the fragmentations yield I atoms and 14percent Br atoms.The anisotropy parameter, β, in the angular distribution is 1.42.This fact leads to two conclusions: (1) the dissociation process is direct, and (2) the Br atoms are formed as a result of a weaker absorption to a different upper state than that reached in the main absorption.
PHOTOCHEMISTRY OF ALKYL HALIDES - VII. CYCLOPROPANATION OF ALKENES
Kropp, Paul J.,Pienta, Norbert J.,Sawyer, Joy A.,Polniaszek, Richard P.
, p. 3229 - 3236 (2007/10/02)
The previously observed cyclopropanation of alkenes by irradiation of diiodomethane (1) in their presence has been studied in more detail and found to be a synthetically useful procedure which is significantly less subject to steric effects than the traditional Simmons-Smith method.The results from photocyclopropanation of a variety of alkenes are summarized in Tables 1 and 3-4.In a number of cases the photochemical procedure afforded improved results over the Simmons-Smith method, particularly with sterically congested alkenes.Cycloalkenes showed relative rates of photocyclopropanation as a function of ring size similar to those of the Simmons-Smith method (Table 5).However, the photocyclopropanation reaction exhibited steadily increasing relative rates with increasing substitution about the double bond-in contrast with the Simmons-Smith method (Table 6), in which steric effects offset increasing nucleophilicity of the alkene with increasing substitution.The α-iodocation 2 is suggested as the methylene transfer species.In the presence of lithium bromide cation 2 was trapped to afford bromoiodomethane.
Carbon-Halogen Bonding Studies. Halogen Redistribution Reactions between Alkyl or Acetyl Halides and Tri-n-butyltin Halides
Friedrich, Edwin C.,Abma, Charles B.
, p. 1367 - 1371 (2007/10/02)
The equilibrium positions have been determined for the halogen redistribution reactions of tri-n-butyltin halides with a variety of structurally different types of alkyl halides and with acetyl halides.These have been related through the reaction ΔGo values to carbon-halogen bond dissociation energy differences.It is suggested that the trends observed in the latter may provide evidence for the existence of a small steric bond weakening effect in the order C-I > C-Br > C-Cl bonds on going from methyl to primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl halides.On the other hand, with the 2,3-? bond containing allyl, benzyl, and propargyl halides , α-haloacetones, and haloacetonitriles, there may be some type of electronic carbon-halogen bond strengthening effect which lies in order C-I > C-Br > C-Cl.Finally, for the acetyl halides, the data are in agreement with increases in bond strengths resulting from ? contributions being in the order C-Cl > C-Br > C-I.
