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Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Generation of potent Nrf2 activators via tuning the electrophilicity and steric hindrance of vinyl sulfones for neuroprotection

Oxidative stress is constantly involved in the etiopathogenesis of an ever-widening range of neurodegenerative diseases. As a consequence, effective repression of cellular oxidative stress to a redox homeostatic condition is a promising and feasible strategy to treat, or at least retard the progression of, such disorders. Nrf2, a primary orchestrator of cellular antioxidant response machine, is responsible for detoxifying and compensating for deleterious oxidative stress via transcriptional activation of a diverse array of antioxidant biomolecules. In the framework of our persistent interest in disclosing small molecules that interfere with cellular redox-regulating machinery, we report herein the synthesis, optimization, and biological assessment of 47 vinyl sulfone scaffold-bearing small molecules, most of which exhibit robust neuroprotective effect against H2O2-mediated lesions to PC12 cells. After initial screening, the most potent neuroprotective compounds 9b and 9c with marginal cytotoxicity were selected for the follow-up studies. Our results demonstrate that their neuroprotective effects are attributed to the up-regulation of a panel of antioxidant genes and corresponding gene products. Further mechanistic studies indicate that Nrf2 is indispensable for the cellular performances of 9b and 9c, arising from the fact that silence of Nrf2 gene drastically nullifies their protective action. Taken together, 9b and 9c discovered in this work merit further development as neuroprotective candidates for the treatment of oxidative stress-mediated pathological conditions.

Copper-Catalyzed Heck-Type Couplings of Sulfonyl Chlorides with Olefins: Efficient and Rapid Access to Vinyl Sulfones

A copper-catalyzed redox-neutral alkene sulfonylation reaction has been developed. This reported protocol can be easily scale up to a gram scale, and smoothly applied to the late-stage modification of several bioactive molecules.

Electrochemical sulfonylation of alkenes with sulfonyl hydrazides: A metal- And oxidant-free protocol for the synthesis of (: E)-vinyl sulfones in water

An efficient electrochemical transformation of a variety of alkenes and sulfonyl hydrazides into vinyl sulfones with a catalytic amount of tetrabutylammonium iodide in water is reported. The reaction proceeds smoothly to afford vinyl sulfones with good selectivities and yields at room temperature under air in an undivided cell. Cyclic voltammograms and control experiments have been performed to provide preliminary insight into the reaction mechanism. The key features of this reaction include using pure water as solvent, transition metal- and oxidant-free conditions, and being easily scaled up to gram-scale synthesis. This journal is

Synthesis of vinyl sulfones through sulfonylation of styrenes with sulfonyl chlorides under metal-free conditions

A hypervalent iodine reagent-mediated sulfonylation of styrenes with sulfonyl chlorides was developed for the synthesis of vinyl sulfones. The reaction proceeded under metal-free, mild and neutral conditions without extra oxidants or bases. It also exhibited good air and moisture tolerance, broad substrate scope and high chemo-selectivity, affording the vinyl sulfones in moderate to good yields.

Radical Heck-type reaction of styrenes with sulfonyl hydrazides on water at room temperature

Herein, metal-free radical Heck-type reaction of styrenes with sulfonyl hydrazides to synthesize vinyl sulfones is developed. The reaction is performed under economical TBAI/TBHP system on water in open air at room temperature, which proceeds through the

Metal-free catalyzed synthesis of the (E)-vinyl sulfones via aromatic olefins with arylsulfonyl hydrazides

Synthesis of vinyl sulfones from aromatic olefins and arylsulfonyl hydrazides via I2-TBHP catalyzed system under the N2 atmosphere is described. Owing to no use of metal, only producing N2 and water as the byproducts and d

Green preparation method for vinyl sulfone derivative in aqueous phase

The invention relates to a green preparation method for a vinyl sulfone derivative in an aqueous phase. The method comprises the following steps: putting an olefin compound (1a), a sulfonyl hydrazidecompound of formula (2a) as shown in the specification, tetrabutylammonium iodide (TBAI), tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) and solvent water into a Schlenk reaction kettle, carrying out a stirring reaction on the reaction kettle at a certain temperature and an air atmosphere, monitoring the reaction process through TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) or GC (Gas Chromatograph) till raw materials are completely reacted, and carrying out aftertreatment, thereby obtaining a target product, namely the vinyl sulfone derivative (I) as shown in the specification.

Electrosynthesis of vinyl sulfones from alkenes and sulfonyl hydrazides mediated by KI: Аn electrochemical mechanistic study

A variety of vinyl sulfones were prepared from alkenes and sulfonyl hydrazides via electrochemical oxidative sulfonylation. The reaction proceeds in an experimentally convenient undivided electrochemical cell equipped with graphite and iron electrodes employing KI as a redox catalyst and a supporting electrolyte. Applying extremely high current density up to 270 mA/cm2 permits rapid synthesis in a compact reactor and with small surface area electrodes. A possible reaction mechanism was proposed with the use of cyclic voltammetry. It is the combination of anodic and cathodic processes in this reaction that makes it possible to obtain products under mild conditions with yields from moderate to high.

Electrochemical Decarboxylative Sulfonylation of Cinnamic Acids with Aromatic Sulfonylhydrazides to Vinyl Sulfones

A stereoselective synthesis of (E)-vinyl sulfones has been developed via electrochemical oxidative N-S bond cleavage of aromatic sulfonylhydrazides, followed by cross-coupling reactions with cinnamic acids to form the C-S bond. The protocol proceeded smoo

Silver-Catalyzed Denitrative Sulfonylation of β-Nitrostyrenes: A Convenient Approach to (E)-Vinyl Sulfones

The first utilization of β-nitrostyrenes (readily available by the Henry reaction) for a highly stereoselective, convenient, and catalytic synthesis of (E)-vinyl sulfones at room temperature was investigated. The protocol involves efficient silver-catalyz