57664-96-7

Usage

Chemical Properties

White Solid

Uses

A metabolite of Oxycodone (O870600). Controlled substance.

Upstream product

• 79683-69-5 N-(ethoxycarbonyl)noroxycodone 
• 175294-71-0 4,5α-epoxy-14-hydroxy-3-methoxy-17-[(2,2,2-trichloroethoxy)carbonyl]morphinan-6-one 
• 71539-52-1 oxycodone N-oxide 
• 508-54-3 14-hydroxycodeinone 
• 115-37-7 thebaine 
• 124-90-3 oxycodone hydrochloride 
• 52446-07-8 (4′R,4a′S,7a′R,12b′S)-9′-methoxy-1′,2′,3′,4′,5′,6′-hexahydro-4a′H,7a′H-spiro[[1,3]dioxolane-2,7′-[4,12]methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinolin]-4a′-ol 
• 197242-23-2 17-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4,5α-epoxy-14-hydroxy-3-methoxy-6-(1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)morphinan 
• 16617-07-5 naltrexone methyl ether 
• 16676-29-2 naltrexone Hydrochloride 
• 465-65-6 Naloxone 
• 131830-09-6 Naloxone methyl ether 
• 357-08-4 naloxone hydrochloride 
• 111355-33-0 oxycodone-N-oxide hydrochloride 

Downstream Products

• 52446-25-0 noroxyoxycodone hydrochloride 
• 16590-41-3 Naltrexone 
• 16617-07-5 naltrexone methyl ether 
• 1616556-61-6 (4bR,7S,8aS,9R)-7-(2-(benzyloxy)ethyl)-11-(cyclopropylmethyl)-8a-hydroxy-3-methoxy-8,8a9,10-tetrahydro-5H-9,4b-(epiminoethano)phenanthren-6(7H)-one 
• 1616556-71-8 (4bR,7S,8aS,9R)-3-(benzyloxy)-11-(cyclopropylmethyl)-8a-hydroxy-7-(2-hydroxyethyl)-8,8a,9,10-tetrahydro-5H-9,4b-(epiminoethano)phenanthren-6(7H)-one 
• 1616556-60-5 C₃₂H₄₁NO₅ 
• 1616556-68-3 C₄₂H₅₃NO₆Si 
• 1616556-69-4 C₄₀H₅₁NO₅Si 
• 1616556-70-7 C₃₁H₃₉NO₅ 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Activation of G-Proteins by Morphine and Codeine Congeners: Insights to the Relevance of O- and N-Demethylated Metabolites at μ- and δ-Opioid Receptors

Phenotypic differences in analgesic sensitivity to codeine (3-methoxymorphine) results from polymorphisms in cytochrome P450-2D6, which catalyzes O-demethylation of codeine to morphine. However, O-demethylation reportedly is not required for analgesic activity of the 7,8-saturated codeine congeners dihydrocodeine, hydrocodone, and oxycodone. This study determined the potency and efficacy of these compounds and their demethylated derivatives to stimulate μ- and δ-opioid receptor-mediated G-protein activation using agonist-stimulated guanosine 5′-O-(3-[35S]thio)triphosphate ([35S]GTPγS) binding. Results showed that 7,8-saturated codeine congeners were more efficacious than codeine in activating μ-receptors, but only dihydrocodeine was more efficacious at δ-receptors. Hydrocodone and oxycodone were ～10-fold more potent than codeine and dihydrocodeine at either receptor. Morphine-like compounds with a 3-hydroxy group were ～30- to 100-fold more potent than their 3-methoxy analogs at the μ-receptor, and these compounds generally exhibited greater efficacy (e.g., morphine produced 2-fold greater maximal stimulation than codeine). Removal of the N-methyl group did not affect efficacy or potency of codeine congeners to activate μ-receptors, whereas this modification generally increased efficacy but decreased potency of morphine congeners. At the δ receptor, morphine congeners showed greater potency and structure-dependent differences in efficacy compared with codeine congeners, whereas removal of the N-methyl group had effects similar to those observed at the μ-receptor. These results demonstrate that 7,8-saturated codeine congeners are more efficacious than codeine, which may explain their lack of requirement for 3-O-demethylation in vivo. Nonetheless, because all 7,8-saturated codeine congeners were significantly less potent than their morphine derivatives, further research is needed to understand the relationship between metabolism and in vivo activity of these compounds.

N-Cubylmethyl substituted morphinoids as novel narcotic antagonists

N-Cubylmethylnormorphine (1) and N-cubylmethylnoroxymorphone (2) have been synthesized and found to be more potent ligands at the μ and κ opioid receptors than morphine and oxymorphone respectively. In the guinea-pig ileum preparation, compounds 1 and 2 were characterized as opioid μ antagonists (Ke=68 and 16 nM, respectively). Compound 2 also showed effective κ-antagonism (Ke=22 nM). The narcotic antagonism activity of 1 has been confirmed by in vivo assays.

Prophylactic vaccination protects against the development of oxycodone self-administration

Abuse of prescription opioids is a growing public health crisis in the United States, with drug overdose deaths increasing dramatically over the past 15 years. Few preclinical studies exist on the reinforcing effects of oxycodone or on the development of therapies for oxycodone abuse. This study was conducted to determine if immunopharmacotherapy directed against oxycodone would be capable of altering oxycodone-induced antinociception and intravenous self-administration. Male Wistar rats were administered a small-molecule immunoconjugate vaccine (Oxy-TT) or the control carrier protein, tetanus toxoid (TT), and trained to intravenously self-administer oxycodone (0.06 or 0.15 mg/kg/infusion). Brain oxycodone concentrations were 50% lower in Oxy-TT rats compared to TT rats 30 min after injection (1 mg/kg, s.c.) whereas plasma oxycodone was 15-fold higher from drug sequestration by circulating antibodies. Oxy-TT rats were also less sensitive to 1–2 mg/kg, s.c. oxycodone on a hot water nociception assay. Half of the Oxy-TT rats failed to acquire intravenous self-administration under the 0.06 mg/kg/infusion training dose. Oxycodone self-administration of Oxy-TT rats trained on 0.15 mg/kg/infusion was higher than controls; however under progressive ratio (PR) conditions the Oxy-TT rats decreased their oxycodone intake, unlike TT controls. These data demonstrate that active vaccination provides protection against the reinforcing effects of oxycodone. Anti-oxycodone vaccines may entirely prevent repeated use in some individuals who otherwise would become addicted. Vaccination may also reduce dependence in those who become addicted and therefore facilitate the effects of other therapeutic interventions which either increase the difficulty of drug use or incentivize other behaviors.

Synthesis of Potential Haptens with Morphine Skeleton and Determination of Protonation Constants

Vaccination could be a promising alternative warfare against drug addiction and abuse. For this purpose, so-called haptens can be used. These molecules alone do not induce the activation of the immune system, this occurs only when they are attached to an immunogenic carrier protein. Hence obtaining a free amino or carboxylic group during the structural transformation is an important part of the synthesis. Namely, these groups can be used to form the requisite peptide bond between the hapten and the carrier protein. Focusing on this basic principle, six nor-morphine compounds were treated with ethyl acrylate and ethyl bromoacetate, while the prepared esters were hydrolyzed to obtain the N-carboxymethyl- and N-carboxyethyl-normorphine derivatives which are considered as potential haptens. The next step was the coupling phase with glycine ethyl ester, but the reactions did not work or the work-up process was not accomplishable. As an alternative route, the normorphine-compounds were N-alkylated with N-(chloroacetyl)glycine ethyl ester. These products were hydrolyzed in alkaline media and after the work-up process all of the derivatives contained the free carboxylic group of the glycine side chain. The acid-base properties of these molecules are characterized in detail. In the N-carboxyalkyl derivatives, the basicity of the amino and phenolate site is within an order of magnitude. In the glycine derivatives the basicity of the amino group is significantly decreased compared to the parent compounds (i.e., morphine, oxymorphone) because of the electron withdrawing amide group. The protonation state of the carboxylate group significantly influences the basicity of the amino group. All of the glycine ester and the glycine carboxylic acid derivatives are currently under biological tests.

Effects of N-substituents on the functional activities of naltrindole derivatives for the δ opioid receptor: Synthesis and evaluation of sulfonamide derivatives

We have recently reported that N-alkyl and N-acyl naltrindole (NTI) derivatives showed activities for the δ opioid receptor (DOR) ranging widely from full inverse agonists to full agonists. We newly designed sulfonamide-type NTI derivatives in order to in

Discovery of δOpioid Receptor Full Inverse Agonists and Their Effects on Restraint Stress-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Mice

The cyclopropylmethyl group in classical δopioid receptor (DOR) antagonist NTI, BNTX, and NTB was replaced with various electron-withdrawing groups to develop DOR inverse agonists. N-Benzyl NTB derivative SYK-657 was a potent DOR full inverse agonist and its potency was over 10-fold potent than that of a reference compound ICI-174,864. Intraperitoneal administration of SYK-657 induced the short-term memory improving effect in mice without abnormal behaviors.

The release agent and the composition resistance to anticancer agents (by machine translation)

[Problem] to acquire resistance to anticancer agents for cancer an anticancer agent for releasing technique. [Solution] opioid receptor a compound δ [...], its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, or solvate thereof as active ingredient, an anti-cancer agent resistant releasing agent. The [...], equation (1) is a compound represented by resistance to anticancer agent release agent[Drawing] no (by machine translation)

ANTI-OPIOID VACCINES

The invention provides haptens and methods of preparation thereof, for producing immunoconjugates of oxycodone and hydrocodone suitable for raising antibodies in animals specific for the opioid drugs. Adminislration of the opioid-speeific antibodies to humans having the opioid drugs in a body fluid such as blood serum, binds the opioid drugs to the antibody, making the opioids unavailable for producing a drug effect. Accordingly the antibodies can be used to reverse the effects of a drug overdose of oxycodone and hydrocodone, or to reverse a perceived mental effect of the. drugs, such as euphoria.

Design and Synthesis of Potent and Highly Selective Orexin 1 Receptor Antagonists with a Morphinan Skeleton and Their Pharmacologies

Nalfurafine, a κ-selective opioid receptor agonist, unexpectedly showed a selective antagonist activity toward the orexin 1 receptor (OX1R) (Ki = 250 nM). Modification of the 17-amino side chain of the opioid ligand to an arylsulfonyl group and the 6-furan acrylamide chain to 2-pyridyl acrylamide led to compound 71 with improvement of the antagonist activity (OX1R, Ki = 1.36 nM; OX2R, not active) without any detectable affinity for the opioid receptor. The dihydrosulfate salt of 71, freely soluble in water, attenuated the physical dependence of morphine. Furthermore, all of the active nalfurafine derivatives in this study had almost no activity for OX2R, which led to high OX1R selectivity. These results suggest that nalfurafine derivatives could be a useful series of lead compounds to develop highly selective OX1R antagonists.

Method for synthesis of naloxone hydrochloride

The invention belongs to the technical field of medicament synthesis, and relates to a synthetic method of naloxone hydrochloride. The method comprises the following steps: by adopting thebaine as a starting material, oxidizing and then reducing thebaine to obtain a compound 2, reacting the compound 2 with acetic anhydride to obtain an ester compound 3, then removing methyl and performing hydrolysis to obtain a compound 4, reacting the compound 4 with an alkylating reagent (such as the reagent selected from chloropropene, bromopropene, iodopropylene or the combination thereof), performing allylation on the Nth bit of a mother nucleus structure to obtain a compound 5, then removing methyl to obtain naloxone free alkali, then forming acid addition salts with hydrochloric acid, and then refining to obtain naloxone hydrochloride which can be used as a medicinal raw material medicament. By adopting the method disclosed by the invention, a high-quality medicinal raw material medicament can be prepared.