600-38-4

Usage

Physical state

Colorless liquid

Odor

Sweet, pleasant

Common uses

Flavoring agent in food and beverages, fragrance ingredient in cosmetics and personal care products

Byproduct

In the production of certain synthetic flavorings

Health effects

Potential respiratory irritant

Antimicrobial properties

Antibacterial and antifungal

Further research

Necessary to determine potential health effects and safety for human use

Upstream product

• 64-18-6 formic acid 
• 141-53-7 sodium formate 
• 1694-29-7 3-chloropentane-2,4-dione 
• 431-03-8 dimethylglyoxal 
• 66694-96-0 4-methoxy-pentane-2,3-dione 
• 123-54-6 acetylacetone 
• 66694-92-6 3-hydroxy-4,4-dimethoxy-pentan-2-one 
• 66694-90-4 2,4,4-trimethoxy-pent-1-en-3-ol 
• 66694-89-1 3-chloro-4,4-dimethoxy-pentan-2-one 
• 66694-88-0 (Z)-3-chloro-4-methoxy-pent-3-en-2-one 
• 64-17-5 ethanol 
• 76355-43-6 4-<1-(1,2,3-triazolo<4,5-a>phenazinyl)>-3,4-epoxypentan-2-one 

Downstream Products

• 101596-39-8 3-hydroxy-pentane-2,4-dione-bis-(2,4-dinitro-phenylhydrazone) 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Enzymatic Chemoselective Aldehyde-Ketone Cross-Couplings through the Polarity Reversal of Methylacetoin

Abstract The thiamine diphosphate (ThDP) dependent enzyme acetoin:dichlorophenolindophenol oxidoreductase (Ao:DCPIP OR) from Bacillus licheniformis was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant enzyme shared close similarities with the acetylacetoin synthase (AAS) partially purified from Bacillus licheniformis suggesting that they could be the same enzyme. The product scope of the recombinant Ao:DCPIP OR was expanded to chiral tertiary α-hydroxy ketones through the rare aldehyde-ketone cross-carboligation reaction. Unprecedented is the use of methylacetoin as the acetyl anion donor in combination with a range of strongly to weakly activated ketones. In some cases, Ao:DCPIP OR produced the desired tertiary alcohols with stereochemistry opposite to that obtained with other ThDP-dependent enzymes.

Singlet Oxygen Photo-oxidation of some Triazapentalenes

The self-sensitized photo-oxidation of 1,3-dimethyl-5H-pyrazolo-1,2,3-triazolophenazin-4-ium inner salt (1) leads to the cleavage of the triazapentalene moiety, yielding an epoxy-ketone.If the two methyl groups are absent, as in compound (2), the photo-oxidation takes place much better in the presence of dyes and yields an αβ unsaturated aldehyde.The first reaction is shown to involve singlet oxygen, the formation of which requires oxygen-promoted intersystem crossing from singlet to triplet (1), followed by energy transfer from the latter state.The rate of the singlet oxygen addition onto (1) was measured in some solvents, and showed no dependence on the polarity of the medium.The mechanism of the addition is discussed, taking into account also the results from the photo-oxidation of the 6,7-dihydro-derivatives of compounds (1) and (2).