60468-61-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Carboxylic Acid Compounds and Use Thereof
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Page/Page column 88, (2010/11/28)
Provision of a superior URAT1 activity inhibitor effective for the treatment and the like of a pathology involving uric acid, such as hyperuricemia, gouty tophus, acute gouty arthritis, chronic gouty arthritis, gouty kidney, urinary lithiasis, renal dysfunction, coronary heart disease, ischemic cardiac diseases and the like. A URAT1 activity inhibitor containing a compound represented by the following formula [1] or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, or a solvate thereof as an active ingredient: [image] wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification.
ipso NITRATION. XXIX. NITRATION OF SUBSTITUTED 4-METHYLANISOLES AND PHENOLS
Fischer, Alfred,Henderson, George N.,RayMahasay, Sumit
, p. 1233 - 1240 (2007/10/02)
Nitration of 2-chloro-4-methylanisole (1a) in acetic anhydride gives (Z)-4-chloro-3-methoxy-6-methyl-6-nitrocyclohexa-2,4-dienyl acetate (2a), 2-chloro-4-methyl-4-nitrocyclohexa-2,5-dienone (3a), and 2-chloro-4-methyl-6-nitroanisole (4a).Similarly 2-bromo-4-methylanisole (1b) gives (Z)-4-bromo-3-methoxy-6-methyl-6-nitrocyclohexa-2,4-dienyl acetate (2b), 2-bromo-4-methyl-4-nitrocyclohexa-2,5-dienone (3b), and 2-bromo-4-methyl-6-nitroanisole (4b), whereas 4-methyl-2-nitro-anisole (1c) gives (Z)-3-methoxy-6-methyl-4,6-dinitrocyclohexa-2,4-dienyl acetate (2c), (Z)-3-methoxy-6-methyl-2,6-dinitrocyclohexa-2,4-dienyl acetate (7), and 4-methyl-2,6-dinitroanisole (4c).Nitration of 3-chloro-4-methylanisole (9a) gives 3-chloro-4-methyl-4-nitrocyclohexa-2,5-dienone (10a), 3-chloro-4-methyl-2-nitro anisole (11a), and 5-chloro-4-methyl-2-nitroanisole (12a), and 4-methyl-3-nitroanisole (9c) gives (Z)-3-methoxy-6-methyl-5,6-dinitrocyclohexa-2,4-dienyl acetate (13), 4-methyl-2,3-dinitroanisole (11c), and 4-methyl-2,5-dinitroanisole (12c).Nitration of 2-chloro-4-methylphenol (14) in chloroform gives 3a and 2-chloro-4-methyl-6-nitrophenol (5a), and 3-chloro-4-methylphenol (15) gives dienone 10a, 3-chloro-4-methyl-2-nitrophenol (16), and 5-chloro-4-methyl-2-nitrophenol (17).
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution. Part 28. The Mechanism of Nitration of Some 4-Substituted Anisoles and Phenols, and of Rearrangement of the Intermediate 4-Nitro-4-substituted-cyclohexa-2,5-dienones
Bloomfield, Colin,Manglik, Ajay K.,Moodie, Roy B.,Schofield, Kenneth,Tobin, Geoffrey D.
, p. 75 - 82 (2007/10/02)
The kinetics of nitration in sulphuric acid of 2-chloro-4-methyl-, 4-chloro-, 2,4-dichloro-, and 4-fluoroanisole and of the corresponding phenols have been determined.The reaction products from the anisoles and from 2-chloro-4-methyl- and 4-fluoro-phenol have been determined.Results for 4-methylanisole supplementary to earlier ones are also reported.Generally the anisoles give the 2-nitro-derivatives and the 2-nitrophenols, and from 2-chloro-4-methylanisole, 2-chloro-4-methyl-4-nitrocyclohexa-2,5-dienone was formed as an intermediate.The decomposition of this dienone in sulphuric acid, like those of others, changes from a non-acid-catalysed to an acid-catalysed form with increasing acidity.The first form is regarded as a decomposition into an aryloxyl radical and nitrogen dioxide which can recombine to give the 2-nitrophenol.The formation of a small amount of 2-(4-fluorophenoxy)-4-fluorophenol in the nitration of 4-fluorophenol is seen as support for this view.The acid-catalysed form is regarded as the decomposition of the protonated dienone into a phenol-nitronium ion encounter-pair which can give the nitrophenol.A consequence of the mechanism is that if the phenol were nitrated at less than the encounter rate, the phenol itself would in appropriate conditions be a product of the ipso-nitration of the original anisole. 4-Methyl-, 2-chloro-4-methyl-, and 4-chloro-phenol have been so identified.Quantitative analysis of the results allows evaluation of the partitioning of dienone decomposition between the two modes.The mechanism accounts for the formation from 2,4-dichloro-anisole of both 2,4-dichloro-6- and 2,4-dichloro-5-nitroanisole, but only 2,4-dichloro-6-nitrophenol.
