6121-42-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Direct Synthesis of Cyclopropanes from gem-Dialkyl Groups through Double C-H Activation
Clemenceau, Antonin,Thesmar, Pierre,Gicquel, Maxime,Le Flohic, Alexandre,Baudoin, Olivier
supporting information, p. 15355 - 15361 (2020/10/20)
Cyclopropanes are important structural motifs found in numerous bioactive molecules, and a number of methods are available for their synthesis. However, one of the simplest cyclopropanation reactions involving the intramolecular coupling of two C-H bonds on gem-dialkyl groups has remained an elusive transformation. We demonstrate herein that this reaction is accessible using aryl bromide or triflate precursors and the 1,4-Pd shift mechanism. The use of pivalate as the base was found to be crucial to divert the mechanistic pathway toward the cyclopropane instead of the previously obtained benzocyclobutene product. Stoichiometric mechanistic studies allowed the identification of aryl- and alkylpalladium pivalates, which are in equilibrium via a five-membered palladacycle. With pivalate, a second C(sp3)-H activation leading to the four-membered palladacycle intermediate and the cyclopropane product is favored. A catalytic reaction was developed and showed a broad scope for the generation of diverse arylcyclopropanes, including valuable bicyclo[3.1.0] systems. This method was applied to a concise synthesis of lemborexant, a recently approved anti-insomnia drug.
Achiral Derivatives of Hydroxamate AR-42 Potently Inhibit Class i HDAC Enzymes and Cancer Cell Proliferation
Tng, Jiahui,Lim, Junxian,Wu, Kai-Chen,Lucke, Andrew J.,Xu, Weijun,Reid, Robert C.,Fairlie, David P.
supporting information, p. 5956 - 5971 (2020/06/05)
AR-42 is an orally active inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in clinical trials for multiple myeloma, leukemia, and lymphoma. It has few hydrogen bond donors and acceptors but is a chiral 2-arylbutyrate and potentially prone to racemization. We report achiral AR-42 analogues incorporating a cycloalkyl group linked via a quaternary carbon atom, with up to 40-fold increased potency against human class I HDACs (e.g., JT86, IC50 0.7 nM, HDAC1), 25-fold increased cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines, and up to 70-fold less toxicity in normal human cells. JT86 was ninefold more potent than racAR-42 in promoting accumulation of acetylated histone H4 in MM96L melanoma cells. Molecular modeling and structure-activity relationships support binding to HDAC1 with tetrahydropyran acting as a hydrophobic shield from water at the enzyme surface. Such potent inhibitors of class I HDACs may show benefits in diseases (cancers, parasitic infections, inflammatory conditions) where AR-42 is active.
Electrophilic Bromolactonization of Cyclopropyl Diesters Using Lewis Basic Chalcogenide Catalysts
Gieuw, Matthew H.,Leung, Vincent Ming-Yau,Ke, Zhihai,Yeung, Ying-Yeung
, p. 4306 - 4311 (2018/10/02)
An efficient and regioselective electrophilic bromolactonization of cyclopropylmethyl diesters using triphenylphosphine sulfide (Ph3PS) or diphenyl selenide (Ph2Se) as the Lewis basic chalcogenide catalyst has been developed. It was observed that Ph3PS favored the formation of anti-diastereomer and yielded the multi-functional γ-lactones. Interestingly, the diastereoselectivity was reversed when using Ph2Se as a catalyst where the syn-product instead of the anti-product was favored. (Figure presented.).
Visible-Light-Promoted Redox-Neutral Cyclopropanation Reactions of α-Substituted Vinylphosphonates and Other Michael Acceptors with Chloromethyl Silicate as Methylene Transfer Reagent
Guo, Ting,Zhang, Li,Liu, Xiaobo,Fang, Yewen,Jin, Xiaoping,Yang, Yi,Li, Yan,Chen, Bin,Ouyang, Minghui
supporting information, p. 4459 - 4463 (2018/09/14)
The alkene cyclopropanation with chloromethyl silicate as a methylene transfer reagent has been accomplished via visible-light-mediated redox-neutral catalysis. This method features broad functional group tolerance and mild conditions. In addition to α-substituted vinylphosphonates, a range of Michael acceptors including α,β-unsaturated acrylate, ketone, amide and sulfone are suitable substrates for this photocatalytic cyclopropanation. An application of this protocol to the cyclopropanation of estrone derivative is also presented. (Figure presented.).
Efficient cyclopropanation of aryl/heteroaryl acetates and acetonitriles with vinyl diphenyl sulfonium triflate
Zhou, Mingwei,Hu, Yimin,En, Ke,Tan, Xuefei,Shen, Hong C.,Qian, Xuhong
supporting information, p. 1443 - 1445 (2018/03/12)
A convenient method was developed for the cyclopropanation of aryl acetates and aryl acetonitrile using vinyl diphenyl sulfonium triflate salt. The newly developed conditions are simple, mild, and compatible with a wide range of functional groups, without the need to apply an inert atmosphere, or alkali bases.
RORGAMMA MODULATORS AND USES THEREOF
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Page/Page column 41; 52, (2018/08/20)
The present invention provides novel compounds of formula (la) that are modulators of RORgamma. These compounds, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising the same, are suitable means for treating any disease wherein the modulation of RORgamma has therapeutic effects, for instance in autoimmune diseases, autoimmune-related diseases, inflammatory diseases, metabolic diseases, fibrotic diseases, or cholestatic diseases.
N-{[2-(PIPERIDIN-1-YL)PHENYL](PHENYL)METHYL}-2-(3-OXO-3,4-DIHYDRO-2H-1,4-BENZOXA ZIN-7-YL)ACETAMIDE DERIVATIVES AND RELATED COMPOUNDS AS ROR-GAMMA MODULATORS FOR TREATING AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES
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Page/Page column 68; 102, (2018/08/20)
The present invention provides e.g. N-{[2-(piperidin-1-yl)phenyl] (phenyl)methyl}-2-(3-oxo-3,4-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-7-yl)acetamide derivatives and related compounds as ROR-gamma modulators for treating e.g. autoimmune diseases, autoimmune-related diseases, inflammatory diseases, metabolic diseases, fibrotic diseases or cholestatic diseases, such as e.g. arthitis and asthma.
Compositions for Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis and Other Chronic Diseases
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Paragraph 1599, (2015/09/22)
The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising an inhibitor of epithelial sodium channel activity in combination with at least one ABC Transporter modulator compound of Formula A, Formula B, Formula C, or Formula D. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical formulations thereof, and to methods of using such compositions in the treatment of CFTR mediated diseases, particularly cystic fibrosis using the pharmaceutical combination compositions.
COMPOSITIONS FOR TREATMENT OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS AND OTHER CHRONIC DISEASES
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, (2012/04/23)
The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising an inhibitor of epithelial sodium channel activity in combination with at least one ABC Transporter modulator compound of Formula A, Formula B, Formula C, or Formula D. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical formulations thereof, and to methods of using such compositions in the treatment of CFTR mediated diseases, particularly cystic fibrosis using the pharmaceutical combination compositions.
An improved bouveault-blanc ester reduction with stabilized alkali metals
Bodnar, Brian S.,Vogt, Paul F.
supporting information; experimental part, p. 2598 - 2600 (2009/08/07)
Significantly improved Bouveault-Blanc conditions for ester reduction have been developed using sodium in silica gel (Na-SG), a free-flowing powder that can be easily handled in the open atmosphere. Primary alcohols were prepared in excellent yield from a variety of aliphatic esters under mild reaction conditions. The chemistry presented here is far safer than the classic Bouveault-Blanc reduction and is competitive with more modern hydride reduction methods.
