628-62-6Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Atomically Dispersed Ru on Manganese Oxide Catalyst Boosts Oxidative Cyanation
Gates, Bruce C.,Guan, Erjia,Meng, Xiangju,Wang, Chengtao,Wang, Hai,Wang, Liang,Wang, Sai,Xiao, Feng-Shou,Xu, Dongyang,Xu, Hua,Yang, Bo,Zhang, Jian
, p. 6299 - 6308 (2020/07/21)
There is a strong incentive for environmentally benign and sustainable production of organic nitriles to avoid the use of toxic cyanides. Here we report that manganese oxide nanorod-supported single-site Ru catalysts are active, selective, and stable for oxidative cyanation of various alcohols to give the corresponding nitriles with molecular oxygen and ammonia as the reactants. The very low amount of Ru (0.1 wt %) with atomic dispersion boosts the catalytic performance of manganese oxides. Experimental and theoretical results show how the Ru sites enhance the ammonia resistance of the catalyst, bolstering its performance in alcohol dehydrogenation and oxygen activation, the key steps in the oxidative cyanation. This investigation demonstrates the high efficiency of a single-site Ru catalyst for nitrile production.
Ammonolysis of anilides promoted by ethylene glycol and phosphoric acid
Stephenson, Nickeisha A.,Gellman, Samuel H.,Stahl, Shannon S.
, p. 46840 - 46843 (2014/12/10)
Ethylene glycol (EG) and phosphoric acid have been found to promote the ammonolysis of a variety of diverse anilides as well as N-aryl carbamate, phthalimide, and urea substrates in the absence of transition metals or other Lewis acid promoters.
Ruthenium-catalyzed one-pot synthesis of primary amides from aldehydes in water
Garcia-Alvarez, Rocio,Diaz-Alvarez, Alba E.,Crochet, Pascale,Cadierno, Victorio
, p. 5889 - 5894 (2013/05/09)
The readily available arene-ruthenium(ii) complex [RuCl2(η 6-C6Me6){P(NMe2)3}] (5 mol%) proved to be an efficient catalyst for the direct synthesis of primary amides from aldehydes and hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH2OH· HCl) in water at 100 °C. The process, which requires the presence of NaHCO3 to catch the HCl released during the formation of the key aldoxime intermediates, was operative with both aromatic, heteroaromatic, α,β-unsaturated and aliphatic aldehydes, and tolerated several functional groups. A greener approach using commercially available NH 2OH solution (50 wt.% in water) is also presented.
Copper-catalyzed rearrangement of oximes into primary amides
Sharma, Sumeet K.,Bishopp, Simon D.,Liana Allen,Lawrence, Ruth,Bamford, Mark J.,Lapkin, Alexei A.,Plucinski, Pawel,Watson, Robert J.,Williams, Jonathan M.J.
supporting information; experimental part, p. 4252 - 4255 (2011/08/22)
The atom-efficient and cost-effective rearrangement of oximes into primary amides is catalyzed by simple copper salts. The use of homogeneous Cu(OAc) 2 (1-2 mol %) was found to be effective for this transformation at 80 °C. The reaction was successful with either conventional or microwave heating. CuO and CuO/ZnO on activated carbon provided a competent reuseable heterogeneous catalyst which could be used in a batch process or in flow. Copper salts are much cheaper than the precious metals previously used for this rearrangement, and the reaction conditions are milder than those reported.
Enzymatic nitrile hydrolysis catalyzed by nitrilase ZmNIT2 from maize. An unprecedented β-hydroxy functionality enhanced amide formation
Mukherjee, Chandrani,Zhu, Dunming,Biehl, Edward R.,Parmar, Rajiv R.,Hua, Ling
, p. 6150 - 6154 (2007/10/03)
To explore the synthetic potential of nitrilase ZmNIT2 from maize, the substrate specificity of this nitrilase was studied with a diverse collection of nitriles. The nitrilase ZmNIT2 showed high activity for all the tested nitriles except benzonitrile, producing both acids and amides. For the hydrolysis of aliphatic, aromatic nitriles, phenylacetonitrile derivatives and dinitriles, carboxylic acids were the major products. Unexpectedly, amides were found to be the major products in nitrilase ZmNIT2-catalyzed hydrolysis of β-hydroxy nitriles. The hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl group and nitrogen in the enzyme-substrate complex intermediates that disfavors the loss of ammonia and formation of acyl-enzyme intermediate, which was further hydrolyzed to acid, was proposed to be responsible for the unprecedented β-hydroxy functionality assisted high yield of amide formation.
Selective Cleavage of Carbon-Nitrogen Bonds with Platinum
Guttieri, Mary J.,Maier, Wilhelm F.
, p. 2875 - 2880 (2007/10/02)
The selective hydrogenolysis of carbon-nitrogen bonds relative to carbon-carbon bonds with a heterogeneous platinum catalyst is studied on a wide variety of nitrogen-containing organic molecules.Nitriles, secondary and primary amines, nitro compounds, heterocycles, and aromatic amides are cleanly converted to the parent hydrocarbon and ammonia in the gas phase with a platinum on silica catalyst and hydrogen.Aliphatic amides pass the catalyst unchanged.Unusual is the high platinum content of the catalyst (40percent) which proved to be essential for the catalytic activity reported.
